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	Treaty of San Ildefonso - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The treaty was concluded on October 1, 1800 between Louis Alexandre Berthier representing France and Don Mariano Luis de Urquijo for Spain.
		The treaty was negotiated under some duress, as Spain was under pressure from Napoleon.
		The terms of the treaty did not specify the boundaries of the territory being returned, which later became a point of contention between Spain and the United States after France sold the Louisiana Purchase to the U.S. in 1803.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Treaty_of_San_Ildefonso (148 words)

	Adams-Onís Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In addition to granting Florida to the United States, the treaty settled a boundary dispute along the Sabine River in Texas and firmly established the boundary of U.S. territory to the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
		The treaty was negotiated by John Quincy Adams, the Secretary of State under U.S. President James Monroe, and the Spanish foreign minister Luis de Onís.
		The treaty was concluded on February 22, 1819 in Washington, D.C. and ratifications were exchanged and the treaty proclaimed on February 22, 1821.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Adams-Onis_Treaty (709 words)

	San Ildefonso, Treaty of. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		1 The Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1796 was an alliance of France with Spain against Great Britain in the French Revolutionary Wars.
		2 The secret Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800 was actually a draft confirmed by two later treaties (Mar., 1801; Oct., 1802).
		Spain retroceded Louisiana to France and was compensated by the creation in Tuscany of the kingdom of Etruria, which was given to the duke of Parma, son-in-law of Charles IV of Spain.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sa/SanIlTr.html (166 words)

	The Avalon Project : Treaty of San Ildefonso : October 1, 1800
		Preliminary and Secret Treaty between the French Republic and His Catholic Majesty the King of Spain, Concerning the Aggrandizement of His Royal Highness the Infant Duke of Parma in Italy and the Retrocession of Louisiana.
		As the provisions of the present treaty have no prejudicial object and leave intact the rights of an, it is not to be supposed that they win give offense to any power.
		However, if the contrary shall happen and if the two states, because of the execution thereof, shall be attacked or threatened, the two powers agree to make common cause not only to repel the aggression but also to take conciliatory measures prosper for the maintenance of peace with all their neighbors.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/ildefens.htm (356 words)

	West Florida - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1767, the British moved the northern boundary to a line extending from the mouth of the Yazoo River east to the Chattahoochee River (32° 28′ north latitude), consisting of approximately the lower third of the present states of Mississippi and Alabama.
		In the Treaty of San Lorenzo of 1795, Spain recognized the 31st parallel as the boundary.
		In the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800, Spain returned France's Louisiana colony, however the boundaries were not specified.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/West_Florida (1147 words)

	PBS - THE WEST - Events from 1800 to 1820
		The secret Treaty of San Ildefonso transfers the Louisiana Territory from Spain back to France, on the condition that France never yield it to an English-speaking government.
		Spain closes the port of New Orleans to U.S. cargo, violating the 1795 Treaty of San Lorenzo.
		Captain Richard Sparks and the frontiersman Thomas Freeman are appointed by Jefferson to explore and map the Red River region along the United States' border with Tejas.
	www.pbs.org /weta/thewest/events/1800_1820.htm (1513 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Treaty of San Ildefonso; October 1 - Retrocession of Louisiana from Spain to France 1802 - Jefferson's Second Annual Message to Congress : December 15 1803 - Jefferson's Message to the Senate of January 11...
		The Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1796 was an alliance of France with Spain against Great Britain in the French...
		Treaty of San Ildefonso Preliminary and Secret Treaty between the French Republic and His Catholic...
	treaty_of_san_ildefonso.iqexpand.com (465 words)

	Reminiscences of the Republic
		In A.D. 1800 by the treaty of San Ildefonso, Louisiana was retroceded to France "with the same extent it had while in the possession of France." In A.D. 1803 the United States purchased Louisiana territory from France.
		In the treaty of that year with Spain, the United States recognized the country of Texas as belonging of right to Spain; and they renounced forever for themselves all claim to the territories lying south and west of the line forming the boundary of Texas on the north and north-east at the time of annexation.
		The ratified treaties were exchanged with Lord Aberdeen in face of urgent remonstrances by the anti-slavery abolitionists and in disregard of a caution obtruded by a Mr.
	www.tamu.edu /ccbn/dewitt/smithasbel1.htm (5405 words)

	San Ildefonso Pueblo Tribal Code (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		3.3 - Disqualification of judges of the Pueblo of San Ildefonso Judiciary.
		Any civil proceeding way be instituted in the Pueblo of San Ildefonso Tribal Court by the filing of a complaint with the clerk, stating the names of the plaintiff and the defendant, and the facts constituting the grievance for which relief is requested an d the nature of the relief requested.
		17.1 - Exclusion from the Pueblo of San Ildefonso.
	www.tribalresourcecenter.org /ccfolder/sanildefonso_pueblo_tribalcode.htm (12172 words)

	The Louisiana Purchase: Hunter Miller's Notes
		The protocol of the exchange of ratifications on October 21, 1803, is affixed to the French instrument of ratification of this treaty.
		The despatches from Paris with the treaty and the two conventions were received at Washington on July 14, 1803.
		The text of the Treaty of Alliance of August 19 (not 18), 1796, mentioned in Article 7 of the above treaty of October 1, 1800, is, in French, in Von Martens, Recueil de traits, 2d ea., VI, 255-59.
	teaching.arts.usyd.edu.au /history/hsty3080/3rdYr3080/Louisiana/hunter_millers_notes.htm (1148 words)

	RRT: Pg 40
		After a long period of secret treaties between Spain and France over the area vaguely referred to as "Louisiana," Spain returned control of the area to France by the secret treaty of San Ildefonso on October 1, 1800, although possession was not transferred until late 1802.
		The Treaty established the area as far north as Russia, at 54° 40' (the present southern boundary of Alaska at Juneau), as neutral ground, open to the citizens of both countries for a period of 10 years, at which time the matter of its ownership was to be taken up again.
		Spain's interest in the area north of the 42nd Parallel was eliminated by the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 settling claims of the United States to Florida and areas in western North America.
	imnh.isu.edu /digitalatlas/geog/rrt/part3/chp4/40.htm (957 words)

	Napoleon
		The Treaty of Fontainebleau, signed by England, France and Spain marking the end of the Seven Years War: France ceded to England Canada and all the territories east of the Mississippi, not however including the region of Nouvelle-Orléans.
		Secret preliminary treaty of San Ildefonso between France and Spain: France ceded the Grand Duchy of Tuscany to the Spanish heir to the throne, in exchange for Louisiana and the Duchy of Parma.
		Treaty of Aranjuez between France and Espagne: confirmation of the preliminaries of San Ildefonso of October, 1800: the Grand Duchy of Toscany was officially transformed into the Kingdom of Toscany (later named the Kingdom of Etruria)
	www.napoleon.org /en/reading_room/timelines/files/louisiana_purchase.asp (832 words)

	Louisiana Purchase
		By a treaty signed on Apr. 30, 1803, the United States purchased from France the Louisiana Territory, more than 2 million sq km (800,000 sq mi) of land extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains.
		Napoleon Bonaparte (the future Emperor Napoleon I) envisioned a great French empire in the New World, and he hoped to use the Mississippi Valley as a food and trade center to supply the island of Hispaniola, which was to be the heart of this empire.
		Although the Constitution did not specifically empower the federal government to acquire new territory by treaty, Jefferson concluded that the practical benefits to the nation far outweighed the possible violation of the Constitution.
	gatewayno.com /history/LaPurchase.html (495 words)

	The Avalon Project : Louisiana Purchase Treaty - Hunter Miller's Notes
		This treaty and the two conventions of the same date (Documents 29 and 30) formed together one transaction; they were concurrently signed; and by the express terms of Article 9 of the treaty their ratifications were interdependent and were concurrently exchanged.
		The message of President Jefferson to Congress of October 17, 1803 (Richardson, I, 357-62), communicated the fact of the cession of Louisiana, on the same day that the treaty and the two conventions were submitted to the Senate.
		The vital article is of course Article 3, the original French of which is quoted in the French text of Article 1 of this treaty; the quotation in the corresponding English of Article 1 is of necessity a translation from the French.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/france/louis1n.htm (1159 words)

	San Ildefonso -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The oldest city in California, San Diego is situated on San Diego Bay 110 miles (177 kilometers) southeast of Los Angeles and about 15 miles (24 kilometers) from the Mexican border.
		It is the seat of San Diego County.
		The residential city of San Marino, Calif., is located in Los Angeles county, southeast of Pasadena.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9065317?&query=san (799 words)

	1796, Aug. 19. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		By agreement of Jan. 20, 1801, Spain promised to detach Portugal from Britain, by force if necessary.
		Treaty of Amiens, between Great Britain, France, and Spain (See 1802, March 27).
		Spain entered the War of the Third Coalition on the side of France.
	www.bartleby.com /67/726.html (244 words)

	Napoleon
		But despite the generally friendly terms of this the first Treaty of San Ildefonso, France was faced with the determined opposition of Godoy on the subject of the American territory.
		In that treaty, by which the First Consul got possession of Tuscany, a secret clause provided the displaced Habsburg Grand Duke with land in Germany in return for the cession of his Italian fief.
		The treaty was signed on 30 April, 1803, and the United States received that huge territory for the paltry sum of 15 million dollars - 11.25 million (60 million francs) went directly into the Consular state's treasury.
	www.napoleon.org /en/reading_room/articles/files/louisiana_hicks.asp (3219 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Spain, 1789-1808
		In 1795 the Treaty of Basel was concluded in which Spain ceded Santo Domingo, today's Dominican Republic, to France; both sides withdrew to their own territory.
		In 1802 the Treaty of Amiens was concluded, which restored Menorca to Spain, at the price of the cession of Trinidad to Britain.
		Excerpts from Treaty of San Ildefonso 1796, from Treaty of Badajoz 1801, from Treaty of Fontainebleu 1807, in Engl.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/spain/spain17891808.html (761 words)

	WHKMLA : Era of Discovery, Treaty of Tordesillas
		The result was the TREATY OF TORDESILLAS (1494), a treaty in which Spain and Portugal divided the world outside christian Europe into a Portuguese hemisphere, which included the west coast of Africa, already surveyed by Bartolomeo Diaz and others, and a Spanish hemisphere including the Caribbean islands discovered by Columbus.
		The treaty assigned huge spheres to both nations, which, for the most part, were uncharted territories for both of them.
		England, France and the Dutch Republic regarded the Treaties of Tordesillas and Zaragoza as illegitimate, not because the Spanish and Portuguese had partitioned lands that did not belong to them, but because they were excluded.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/period/disc/tordesillas.html (807 words)

	Treaty of San Ildefonso - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Treaty of San Ildefonso - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This United States history article is a stub.
		The article about Treaty of San Ildefonso contains information related to Treaty of San Ildefonso, See also and External link.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Treaty_of_San_Ildefonso (184 words)

	Adams-Onís Treaty -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The treaty was concluded on February 22, 1819 in (Click link for more info and facts about Washington, D.C.) Washington, D.C. and ratifications were exchanged and the treaty proclaimed on February 22, 1821.
		Spain had been forced to negotiate because it was losing its hold on its colonial empire, with its western colonies primed to revolt.
		Under the terms of the treaty, Spain sold its territories of (The region of the United States lying north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River) East and (Click link for more info and facts about West Florida) West Florida to the United States.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/A/Ad/Adams-On%EDs_Treaty1.htm (485 words)

	US Constitution - The Louisiana Purchase Treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Binger Herman, at the time Commissioner of the General Land office made an exhaustive investigation of this matter and the result was so convincing that the purchase did not extend west of the Rocky Mountains that the maps have undergone the necessary corrections.
		It was such discouragements and drawbacks that made France willing, even anxious to cede to Spain all her interest in such possessions, and to release herself from the further obligation of bearing an increasing financial burden.
		The treaty for the transfer was made in 1762, but it was not until 1766 that Spain took possession.
	www.usconstitution.com /LouisianaPurchase.htm (3013 words)

	Louisiana Purchase
		In the second Treaty of San Ildefonso Spain ceded the Louisiana Territory to France under French threats of garrisoning an army in Spain with the pretext of invading Portugal.
		Subsequent to ratification of the treaty by Congress, Henry W. Livingston petitioned Gouverneur Morris, delegate from Pennsylvania to the Federal convention, in an attempt to ascertain the intention of the framers of the constitution on this point.
		Thus the portion of the treaty that required the inhabitants of the Louisiana territory to become admitted to the Union became the greatest point of dissension between the two parties.
	www.freeessays.cc /db/1/auj121.shtml (4922 words)

	Search Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		San Ildefonso, Treaty of San Ildefonso, Treaty of, any of several treaties signed at the royal residence of San Ildefonso, Spain.
		2 The secret Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800 was actually a draft confirmed by two...
		Look up San Ildefonso Treaty of on HighBeam™ Research.
	encyclopedia.com /search.asp?target=@DOCTITLE+San+Ildefonso++Treaty+of (98 words)

	Treaty Of San Ildefonso Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
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	www.karr.net /search/encyclopedia/Treaty_of_San_Ildefonso (373 words)

	Encyclopedia: Adams-OnÃs Treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The French Republic or France (French: République française or France) is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in western Europe, and which is further made up of a collection of overseas islands and territories located in other continents.
		The Treaty of San Ildefonso (formally titled the Preliminary and Secret Treaty between the French Republic and His Catholic Majesty the King of Spain, Concerning the Aggrandizement of His Royal Highness the Infant Duke of Parma in Italy and the Retrocession of Louisiana) was a secretly negotiated treaty between France...
		This is a chronological list of important international treaties, agreements, peaces, etc....
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Adams_On%EDs-Treaty (1621 words)

	Asia Times
		In 1800, the Treaty of San Ildefonso secretly transferred Louisiana from Spain to France, which presented the United States with the alarming prospect of a vigorous and expansionist European power controlling the mouth of the Mississippi river to block the westward expansion of the US.
		The Treaty of Ghent declared the end of the War of 1812, in which neither side achieved military victory or gained any political advantage.
		While the treaty was being signed, a group of delegates from New England met at Hartford, Connecticut, to discuss secession from the union.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Global_Economy/DK16Dj02.html (7742 words)

	Louisiana Purchase -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		With this treaty of retrocession, known as the Treaty of San Ildefonso (confirmed March 21, 1801), would go not only the growing and commercially significant port of New Orleans but the strategic mouth of the Mississippi River.
		By terms of the Treaty of San Lorenzo, Spain, in 1795, had granted to the United States the right to ship goods originating in American ports through the mouth of the Mississippi without paying duty and also the right of deposit, or temporary storage, of American goods at New Orleans for transshipment.
		But in 1802 Spain in effect revoked the right of deposit, and so it was in an atmosphere of growing tension in the West that President Thomas Jefferson was confronted with the prospect of a new, wily, and more powerful keeper of the strategic window to the Gulf of Mexico.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9049100 (1958 words)

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