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	Treaty of Stockholm (Great Northern War) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Treaty of Stockholm refers to two treaties signed in 1719 and 1720 that ended the Great Northern War between Sweden on one side and Hannover and Prussia.
		In the treaty with Hannover on November 9, 1719, Sweden cedes the dominion of Bremen-Verden.
		In the treaty with Prussia on January 21, 1720, Sweden cedes Stettin, Swedish Pomerania south of the river Peene, the islands of Usedom and Wollin, and the towns of Damm and Gollnow.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Treaty_of_Stockholm_(1720) (150 words)

	Prussia
		In the Prusso-Swedish peace treaty of Stockholm (January 1720), Brandenburg-Prussia regained Stettin and Sweden's holdings in Pomerania, most of which had been a part of Hohenzollern Brandenburg since 1472 (Outer Pomerania was annexed to Brandenburg-Prussia in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia).
		The invasion was the first shot of the War of the Austrian Succession (Silesia was to have passed to the rulers of Brandenburg on the extinction of its Piast dynasty according to a bilateral arrangement of 1537, subsequently vetoed by the Emperor Ferdinand I).
		After Frederick the Great died (in 1786), his nephew Fredrick William II continued the partitions through military and diplomatic force, gaining a large part of western Poland in 1793 and a large area (including Warsaw) to the south of East Prussia in 1795, when the Polish kingdom ceased to exist.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/hi/History_of_Prussia.html (2313 words)

	SWEDEN - LoveToKnow Article on SWEDEN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		During the disappearance of the great inland ice large masses of mud and sand were carried by the rivers and deposited in the sea.
		The towns with a population exceeding 15,000 in 1900 are Stockholm (300,624), Gothenburg (130,609), Malm (60,857), Norrkoping (41,008), Gefle (29,522).
		Privileged towns, receiving their privileges from the government (not necessarily on the basis of population), are under a mayor (borgmastare) and aldermen (rddnzdn), the aldermen being elected by the citizens, while the mayor is appointed by the government from the first three aldermen on the poll, is paid, and holds office for life.
	25.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SW/SWEDEN.htm (21978 words)

	Great Northern War and Norway - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Great Northern War was the war fought between a coalition of Denmark-Norway, Russia and Saxony-Poland (from 1715 also Prussia and Hanover) on one side and Sweden on the other side from 1700 to 1721.
		As a result of the war, Russia supplanted Sweden as the dominant Power on shores of the Baltic and became a major player in European politics.
		The early part of the war consisted of a continual string of Swedish victories under Charles XII.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Great_Northern_War_and_Norway (1803 words)

	Encyclopedia: Great Northern War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Treaty of Nystad (1721), signed at the present-day Finnish town of Uusikaupunki (Swedish Nystad), ended the Great Northern War, in which Russia received the territories of Estonia, Livonia and Ingria, as well as much of Karelia and Tsar Peter I of Russia replaced King Frederick I of Sweden...
		Denmark was defeated in the summer of 1700 in what was to be the first major battle of the war, and so badly beaten that she could not participate in the war for a number of years.
		Catharina, daughter of a Courland farmer and wife of a Swedish dragoon, was taken prisoner (1702); she became mistress, later wife (1712) and successor (1725) of Czar Peter the Great.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Great-Northern-War (759 words)

	The Great Northern War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Great Northern War was fought between Sweden's Charles XII and a coalition lead by Peter the Great.
		By the end of the war, Sweden had lost her supremacy as the leading power in the Baltic region and was replaced by Peter the Great's Russia.
		The Great Northern War had a number of distinct phases: 1700 to 1706; 1707 to 1709; 1709 to 1714; 1714 to 1718 and 1718 to 1721.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /great_northern_war.htm (1774 words)

	Dominions of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Livonia was conquered from Poland by 1629 in the Polish War.
		By the Treaty of Oliva between Poland and Sweden in 1660 following the Northern War the Polish king renounced all claims to the Swedish throne and Livonia was formally ceded to Sweden.
		By the peace treaties of Brmsebro (1645) and Roskilde (1658) the Realm of Sweden expanded to the south.
	www.enlightenweb.net /d/do/dominions_of_sweden.html (644 words)

	Sweden, Russia and the Great Northern War
		His chaplain claimed that it was his duty to bring an end to the war as soon as possible, but Charles acquired no inspiration to bargain seriously for an end to the war, including a willingness to give up territory already lost.
		And opposition was growing also to the continuation of war, spurred by Charles' decree of raised taxes as the public's contribution to the war effort - a tax to be paid by nobles, high-ranking officers in the military and high ranking members of the bureaucracy.
		The old idea that wars should pay for themselves in the form of reward to the victors and that victory was natural for one's own side, was still alive in Sweden.
	www.fsmitha.com /h3/h30-sw.htm (6183 words)

	Swedish Wars - The Swedsih Peace Treaties 1700 - 1721
		On January 21, 1720 a peace treaty was signed between Sweden and Prussia in Stockholm.
		In the treaty, Sweden was to give up an area in southern Pommern, more exactly, the land south of river Peene and east of river Oder plus the islands Usedom and Wollin.
		This strengthening of the Swedish navy was to remain for the rest of the war.
	www.algonet.se /~hogman/slkrig_eng17c.htm (1198 words)

	Swedish Pomerania - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Pomerania became involved in Thirty Years' War during the 1620's, and with the town of Stralsund under siege by imperial troops its ruler Bogislaus XIV, the Duke of Stettin, concluded a treaty with the Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus in June 1628.
		During 1657 to 1659, under the Northern War (not to be confused with the Great Northern War), Polish, Austrian and Brandenburg troops ravaged the country and upon this followed the occupation by Denmark and Brandenburg 1675-1679 under the Scanian War, where by Denmark claimed Rügen and Brandenburg the rest of Pomerania.
		By the Treaty of Fredriksborg, June 3, 1720, Denmark was obliged to hand back control over the occupied territory to Sweden, but in the Treaty of Stockholm, on January 20 in the same year, Prussia had been allowed to retain its conquest.
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Swedish_Pomerania (1709 words)

	wiki/List of treaties Definition / wiki/List of treaties Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Great Britain is also used as a political term describing the combination of England, Scotland, and Wales, the three nations which together include all of the island's territory....
		The treaty was to resolve disputes arising from the execution of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814.
		The treaty was ratified on January 10, 1920 and required that Germany and its allies accept responsibility for causing the war and pay large amounts of compensation (known as war reparations).
	www.elresearch.com /wiki/List_of_treaties (13843 words)

	INDUSTRIES - Online Information article about INDUSTRIES
		Great Britain takes about 40% (by value) of Norwegian exports, and sends about 26 % of the total imports into Norway; Germany takes 14% of the exports, and sends 28% of the imports.
		In war, men are liable to service from the 18th to the 50th year of age.
		The district was thickly populated, and a centre of commerce.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /I27_INV/INDUSTRIES.html (4788 words)

	Tour Scandinavia
		Still, this period was rent by dynastic feuds, and war with the Swedes, Danes, and peoples in northern Britain.
		The three largest urban areas are Stockholm, the capital, facing Estonia across the Baltic, Göteborg, facing Denmark across the Danish Straits, and Malmö, on the southern tip of Sweden, across the Öresund (Sound) from Copenhagen.
		The peace treaties of 1719 to 1721 shrank Sweden's overseas possessions to Finland and a few other lands, and signaled that Russia was now the strongest power in the Baltic region.
	www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com /archive/scan2.htm (1081 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the United States, the treaty is of particular importance for the people and environment of Alaska, which are impacted by POPs transported by air and water from outside the state.
		In the United States, treaties such as the Stockholm Convention need to be submitted by the President to the Senate for its advice and consent to ratification.
		The Stockholm Convention establishes a Conference of Parties (COP), which meets at determined intervals and is assisted by a Secretariat, an entity that provides support for COP activities.
	www.epa.gov /international/toxics/pop.htm (6245 words)

	Great Northern War
		This stunning series of victories was generally due to the training of the army, which was far more professional than most continental armies, and could maintain much higher rates of fire due to constant training with their firearms.
		In 1617 Sweden's gains in the Treaty of Stolbova had deprived Russia of direct access to the Baltic Sea, and internal strife during the first half much of the 1600's meant that they were never in a position to challenge Sweden for these gains.
		When the campaign started again in spring 1/3rd of his force had been lost, and he was badly defeated by Peter in the Battle of Poltava, eventually fleeing to the Ottoman Empire and spending five years in exile.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/g/gr/great_northern_war.html (726 words)

	CMH5
		Their great merit was to prepare a suitable atmosphere in Russia for the new ideas which were finding their way into the empire-the reforms which, under Theodore III, Alexis' eldest son and immediate successor (1676-82), took root in the soil and became substantial facts.
		War against the Ottoman Porte was therefore resolved upon ; and, the experience of Vasili Galitsin, in 1687 and 1689, having demonstrated the unpromising character of a Crimean campaign, the Turkish fortress of Azoff, which could be approached by water from Moscow, became the Russian objective.
		From this time to the great awakening which followed upon the disasters of the Crimean War, the history of Russia is mainly the history of her diplomacy, and of the wars which resulted from it.
	www.uni-mannheim.de /mateo/camenaref/cmh/cmh517.html (17222 words)

	wiki/Bishop of Kraków Definition / wiki/Bishop of Kraków Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		March 6 - Treaty of Alcacovas - Portugal gives Castile the Canary Islands in exchange for claims in West Africa June - The Earl of Warwick and Edward, Earl of March, eldest son of the Duke of York, land in England with an army and seize Lo...
		John Zapolya is recognized as King of Hungary, while Ferdinand retains the northern and western parts of the Kingdom, and is recognized as heir to the throne.
		Events January-June January 1 - Northern Territory is separated from South Australia January 3 - In London, in what becomes known as the Siege of Sidney Street, the Metropolitan Police and the Scots Guards engage in a shootout with a criminal gang of Latvian anarchists held up in a building in the East End.
	www.elresearch.com /wiki/Bishop_of_Krak%F3w (3886 words)

	MSN Encarta - Charles XII
		Soon after Charles succeeded to the throne, Sweden, with extensive possessions on the Baltic, was threatened by a coalition of Frederick IV, king of Denmark, Augustus II, king of Poland, and Peter I, tsar of Russia, which resulted in the Great Northern War (1700-1721).
		Charles then marched into Saxony, and Augustus, by the Treaty of Altranstädt of 1706, was forced to recognize Stanisław.
		He was succeeded on the throne by his sister Ulrika Eleonora, who began the process of negotiating peace to end the war that had cost Sweden its rank as a great power in the Baltic region.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761558318/Charles_XII.html (506 words)

	Swedish Wars - The Great Northern War 1700 - 1721
		Swedish Wars - The Great Northern War 1700 - 1721
		In the peace treaty Denmark was forced to leave the pact of aggression against Sweden.
		This strengthening of the Swedish fleet was to remain for the rest of the war.
	www.algonet.se /~hogman/slkrig_eng17b.htm (2912 words)

	Second Northern War -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The war resulted in the decline of Swedish influence and the emergence of Russia as a major power in that region.
		Charles fled to Turkey and induced the Turks to declare war on Russia (1710).
		By the Treaty of Nystad (Sept. 10, 1721), which concluded the war between Sweden and Russia, Sweden ceded Ingria, Estonia, Livonia, and a strip of Finnish Karelia to Russia.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9056264 (1515 words)

	Szczecin - Brick Gothic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		After the great Northern War, conluded with the Stockholm's Treaty in the year 1720, Szczecin is include in Prussia and obtains the status of capital of the Pomerania Province
		During Second World War, 40-50% of the buildings, 70-80% of the harbour with its dependencies and 90% of industrial objects are destroyed.
		The extent of war damages is such enormous that Szczecin is counted amoung the 20 most ruined cities of Germany of that time.
	www.eurob.org /en/cities/welcome/index.php?city=Szczecin&language=en (471 words)

	Northern Wars
		The Great Northern War (and the Russo-Turkish War, 1710-11, a part of the Great Northern War) was the war fought between a coalition of Russia, Denmark-Norway and Saxony-Poland (from 1715 also Prussia and Hanover) on one side and Sweden on the other side from 1700 to 1721.
		Russian fortunes reversed during the later half of the 17th century, notably with the rise to power of Peter the Great, who looked to address the earlier losses and re-establish a Baltic presence.
		The pace slowed when Charles turned his attention to Saxony-Poland, and it was not until 1706-1707 that he was able to finally defeat Augustus the Strong, who was temporarily deposed.
	www.geocities.com /ancasta1/northern_wars.htm (1083 words)

	Historical Studies 329-International Relations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		France Prussia re-starts war in wake of Aus.
		alliance sealed by marriage of Louis(XVI) and Marie-Antoinette COLONIAL WAR OF 1756-1763 1754-already Actions of British vs. French in Ohio valley 1755-Br.
		Black Sea coast-Azov, Kerch, etc.-free navigation on Black Sea-protection of Christians in Constantinople Crimea ind. state under Turkish Sultan - in 1783 annexed by Russia RUSSO-TURKISH WAR 1787-1791 Russia invaded Georgia and Armenia (ruled by and Persians in part)-Russians captured Turkish fort in Dnieper Ochakov 1788-Aus.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~mstaum/hist329/intrel.html (909 words)

	Major agreements since 1940. (from treaty) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Soon after the capitulation of the Japanese in World War II, the independence of the Republic of Indonesia was declared, on Aug. 17, 1945, by the Indonesian nationalists.
		According to modern diplomatic usage, the term treaty is confined to particularly significant international agreements.
		The Treaty of Washington, signed on May 8, 1871, dealt with the Alabama claims issue between the...
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-209015?ct= (854 words)

	Sweden -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		There is a shorter coastline along the Skagerrak and Kattegat straits on the southwest, and a narrow strait, known as The Sound, separates Sweden from Denmark in the...
		A constitutional monarchy of northern Europe, Sweden occupies the eastern side of the Scandinavian Peninsula, with coastlines on the North and Baltic seas and the Gulf of Bothnia.
		In 1660 the Treaty of Copenhagen fixed the borders of each of the three Scandinavian nations, though Norway remained a part of Denmark.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9108596&ref=news0505ARC (873 words)

	Stockholm Features \| Fodor's Online Travel Guide
		1801-14 The Napoleonic wars are catastrophic for Denmark economically and politically: the policy of armed neutrality fails, the English destroy the Danish fleet in 1801, Copenhagen is devastated during the bombardment of 1807, and Sweden, after Napoléon's defeat at the Battle of Leipzig, attacks Denmark and forces the Danish surrender of Norway.
		The Treaty of Kiel, in 1814, calls for a union between Norway and Sweden despite Norway's desire for independence.
		1864 Denmark goes to war against Prussia and Austria; the hostilities end with the Treaty of Vienna, which forces Denmark to surrender the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein to Prussia and Austria.
	www.fodors.com /miniguides/mgresults.cfm?destination=stockholm@152&cur_section=fea&feature=30007 (1096 words)

	Sword Forum International - What nation had the best army in the world at the outbreak of the Great Northern War?
		Most of Louis's great generals were dead by 1700, but in terms of men and material, the French army was still probably the best in Europe, but not as good as it had been in the heyday of Louis's triumphs.
		Don't forget that the English Civil War had made us war-hardened, and we had one of the best navies in Europe - though both Spain and France have to be high up there as well.
		Sweden I would argue was not strong in attack - it was defensively put together (thanks to the Russians), whereas Great Britain, France and Spain were able to fight a war elsewhere in Europe, as well as Asia and America for that matter.
	forums.swordforum.com /showthread.php?s=49217e0db6738577915568465c80e2dd&postid=125700 (932 words)

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