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Topic: Treaty of Tartu

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	tartu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Tartu (before 1918 known primarily in English by its German name, Dorpat), with its population of 101,246 (the Population Census data is from 2000) in an area of 38.8 square kilometres, is the second largest city of Estonia.
		Tartu is today also the seat of the Estonian Agricultural University, the Baltic Defence College, and - partially for decentralization reasons, partially because the move of the ministry allowed the improvement of personnel - since recently also of the Ministry of Education and Research.
		Tartu was a commercial centre of considerable importance during the later Middle Ages and a member of the Hanseatic League.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Tartu.html (501 words)

	Tartu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Tartu (German and Polish: Dorpat) is the second largest city of Estonia, with a population of 100,482 (census data as of 2004) with an area of 38.8 km².
		Tartu then became in 1629, which led to the foundation of the university in 1632 by King Gustav II Adolph of Sweden.
		Tartu is also the seat of the, the Baltic Defence College, and the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research.
	www.bucyrus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Tartu (980 words)

	Tartu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tartu (formerly, German and Swedish: Dorpat, Russian: Дерпт (Derpt) or Юрьев (Yuryev)) is the second largest town of Estonia, with a population of 101,297 (as of 2004) and an area of 38.8 km².
		During the second-half of the 19th century, Tartu was the cultural center for Estonians in the era of Romantic nationalism.
		Tartu is also the seat of the Estonian Agricultural University, the Baltic Defence College, and the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tartu (1122 words)

	Treaty of Tartu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Treaties of Tartu were treaties between Bolshevist Russia on one side and the newly independent Estonia and Finland, previously belonging to Imperial Russia, on the other.
		They were negotiated and signed in Tartu in Estonia in year 1920 after the civil wars in Finland, in Estonia, and in Russia were ended.
		The treaties solved disputes and controversial issues connected with the new states' independence, as for instance border issues and transfer of ownership of Russian state property.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Treaty_of_Tartu (279 words)

	Symposium: History of Tartu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The army of Prince Dmitri of Novgorod (the son of the famous Alexander Nevski) launches an assault on Tartu, capturing and destroying it.
		The German Lutheran reformation reaches Tartu accompanied by surprisingly violent stripping of the churches (the furnishings of the Diocesan Cathedral on Toome Hill are also destroyed).
		Tartu became the centre of Estonian cultural and national life durning the national awakening of the Estonian people.
	www.physic.ut.ee /ion/tartu.html (524 words)

	Tartu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Tartu''' (German, Polish '''Dorpat''', Russian '''Юpьeв ''Yuryev'') is the second largest city of Estonia, with its population of 100,482 (the Population Census data is from 2004) in an area of 38.8 square kilometres.
		Tartu was a commercial centre of considerable importance during the later Middle Ages and also a member of the Hanseatic League and capital of the independent Bishopric of Dorpat.
		Tartu is today also the seat of the Estonian Agricultural University, the Baltic Defence College, and also of the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research.
	www.infothis.com /find/Tartu (1144 words)

	Estland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Eventually the Tallinn Party was outmaneuvered by the realpolitiks of the Tartu faction, owing to internal squabbling on the Tallinn Party's support, the expansion of south Estonia's wealth through the prosperous Russian trade, and the rise to power in the Tartu Party of charismatic ex-businessman Juri Pats, who favoured a close alignment with Russia.
		Curiously, the stability of the Treaty of Tartu was ensured by the Russo-Ukrainian War.
		Tartu's university--founded in 1632 and continuously open since 2006--plays a prominent role in the city's cultural life, forming the nucleus for a thriving network of government-subsidized cultural activities and performing artists, while the Estlandic Parliament buildings on the shores of the Emajõgi River are marvels fo mid-21st century architecture.
	users2.ev1.net /~redroach/ad2300/estland.htm (6153 words)

	Finland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Finnish–Russian border was agreed at the Treaty of Tartu in 1920, largely following the historic border but adding Petsamo and its Barents Sea harbour to Finland.
		Treaties signed in 1947 and 1948 with the Soviet Union included obligations, restraints and reparations on Finland vis-à-vis the Soviet Union as well as further territorial concessions by Finland (compared to the Moscow Peace Treaty of 1940).
		The "YYA Treaty" (Finno-Soviet Pact of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance) gave the Soviet Union some leverage in Finnish domestic politics and included a guarantee whereby Finland promised to defend her territory and airspace against Germany or her allies, in practice NATO.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Finland (3554 words)

	Treaty of Tartu -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The treaties solved disputes and controversial issues connected with the new (The way something is with respect to its main attributes) states' independence, as for instance border issues and transfer of ownership of Russian state property.
		The treaty confirmed that the Finnish-Soviet border would follow the old border between the (Click link for more info and facts about Grand-Duchy of Finland) Grand-Duchy of Finland and Imperial Russia.
		Already in the (The decade from 1860 to 1869) 1860s Tsar (The son of Nicholas I who, as czar of Russia, introduced reforms that included limited emancipation of the serfs (1818-1881)) Alexander II had promised to join Petsamo to Finland.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/T/Tr/Treaty_of_Tartu.htm (223 words)

	Välisministeerium : Estonia and Russia: Border negotiations completed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		From the Estonian point of view the treaty was ready for signing, because the technical details still to be agreed on were on the level of the demarcation commission, which could be formed after the conclusion of the treaty.
		The border treaty between the Republic of Estonia and the Russian Federation was initialled in St. Petersburg on March 5, 1999.
		The head of the Estonian delegation Foreign Minister Raul Mälk and the head of the Russian delegation Ambassador Ludvig Chizhov initialled the texts of the land and sea border treaties, the description of the land border and maps of the sea and the land borders.
	www.vm.ee /eng/kat_176/1180.html (1314 words)

	[No title]
		The main references of the investigation are as follows: the earlier research concerning the crossing of the Tartu Peace Treaty borderline in the Continuation War, the diaries of the infantry regiments, the records of the field court-martials and the soldiers' surveys.
		It is explained in the investigation that the affirmative talks and the affirmative comments during the crossing of the Tartu Peace Treaty borderline mean the positive attitude towards the crossing of the old Finnish-Soviet 1939 borderline.
		The negative talks, comments during the crossing of the Tartu Peace Treaty borderline and refusing to cross the borderline mean the negative attitude towards the crossing of the Tartu Peace Treaty borderline.
	www.valt.helsinki.fi /gradutmp/g1711.htm (876 words)

	Chronology 1920
		Under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, the peace treaty officially took effect on this date, as well as the League of Nations Covenant.
		The coastal strip of the colony, leased from the Sultan of Zanzibar in 1887, became known as the Kenya Protectorate.
		The Romanian government signed the treaty of alliance with the governments of Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes in an effort to prevent future Hungarian revisionism in Eastern Europe.
	www.indiana.edu /~league/1920.htm (5504 words)

	Välisministeerium : Estonian cultural treasures outside Estonia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		According to the Tartu Peace Treaty signed on 2 February 1920 between the Republic of Estonia and the Russian RFSR, the latter recognised Estonia’s independence and proprietorship of the national cultural property that in the course of World War I had been evacuated from Estonia or had by chance been taken to Russia.
		Although these treasures originating from the University of Tartu were openly exposed in the museum, the existence of the treasures in Russia was denied and lied about in the official responses to Estonian representatives until the end of the 1930s.
		This was followed by protocols of co-operation between the University of Tartu and the Art Museum of the Voronezh Region, which have despite differences in opinion enabled co-operation in matters of right of title to cultural property.
	www.vm.ee /est/kat_399/5220.html (2315 words)

	Treaty of Tartu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Treaties of Tartu were treaties between Bolshevist Russia on one side and the recently independenceindependent Estonia and Finland, formerly belonging to Imperial Russia, on the other.
		They were negotiated and signed in Tartu in Estonia in year 1920 after the civil wars Civil War in Finlandin Finland, Estonian War of Independencein Estonia, and Russian Civil Warin Russia were ended.
		SVETLOGORSK (Kaliningrad region), July 3 (RIA Novosti) - Russia's decision to revoke its signature on the border agreement with Estonia was right because the reference to the Tartu treaty might entail territorial claims, President Vladimir Putin told a press conference in Svetlogorsk Sunday.
	www.infothis.com /find/Treaty_of_Tartu (471 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Tartu
		Tartu (German Dorpat), city in eastern Estonia, on the Emajõgi River.
		Tartu is an important industrial and cultural center.
		Estonia gained self-government after the Russian monarchy was toppled in the Russian Revolution of 1917.
	encarta.msn.com /Tartu.html (63 words)

	Arts & Humanities \| The Restoration of Estonian Independence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The war of independence ended with the signing of the 1920 Tartu Peace Treaty, in which Soviet Russia recognized Estonia's independence unconditionally and for all time.
		In Tartu, the demonstration commemorating the Tartu Peace Treaty of 1920 was broken up by militia using clubs and dogs.
		In an atmosphere made increasingly tense by the economic blockade and Interfront provocations, the treaty signed between Estonia and Russia was viewed as a form of protection.
	www.ibs.ee /ibs/history/restoration.html (3644 words)

	Tartu - heade mõtete linn
		1919, On Dec. 1, University of Tartu reopened with tuition in the Estonian language.
		At the end of July Tartu was invaded by the Nazi Germany Wehrmacht.
		The Estonian Supreme Court was reestablished in Tartu.
	www.tartu.ee /?lang_id=2&menu_id=9&page_id=787 (1090 words)

	Talk:Treaty of Tartu - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the treaty of Tartu in 1920 Finland and Soviet Union agreed on their common border.
		Repola and Porajärvi were left on the Soviet side and the Finnish troops had to be withdrawn before February 14, 1921.
		Please note that a contemporary English text of the Treaty of Tartu is available in my homepage: http://www.hot.ee/almanach/tartu.htm
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Treaty_of_Tartu (375 words)

	Petsamo biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the Treaty of Tartu, 1920, Bolshevist Russia ceded Petsamo to Finland.
		Deposits of Nickel were found 1921, after Petsamo became a part of Finland, and in 1934 it was estimated that the deposits contained over five million tonnes of Nickel.
		Petsamo was ceded to the Soviet Union according to the Paris Peace Treaty.
	petsamo.biography.ms (293 words)

	The President of the Republic of Estonia: The President of the Republic spoke at a festive meeting dedicated to the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In his greeting address President Rüütel said that we have often referred to the Tartu Peace Treaty in the context of the War of Independence and our present defence willingness, but less attention has been paid to the Peace Treaty as one of the greatest diplomatic achievements of the young Estonian state.
		The President of the Republic noted that without the Tartu Peace Treaty, Estonia had not been able to heal the wounds caused by the War of Independence and had not been recognised as an independent state.
		The head of state said that the active participation in the elections for the Constitutional Assembly in April 1919 testified that, in spite of the war, the people were thinking how to organise life in their own state.
	www.president.ee /en/duties?gid=58464 (801 words)

	List of Finnish treaties - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is a list of more important international treaties signed by Finland from 1917 onwards.
		Moscow Peace Treaty (1940) with the Soviet Union - (obsoleted)
		Paris Peace Treaty (1947) with the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom - (many provisions considered obsoleted)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Finnish_treaties (122 words)

	estonia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		One major source of tension concerns Estonia’s demand that Russia recognise the validity of the 1920 Treaty of Tartu, which effectively established Estonia as an independent state by virtue of a clause under which Moscow renounced all rights of sovereignty over Estonia forever.
		The treaty did not, of course, prevent the 1940 annexation, but recognition of its validity would, in Estonian eyes, demonstrate the legal continuity of the Estonian state from 1920 through to the present day.
		The treaty question is linked to a border dispute in eastern Estonia, where Stalin altered the frontier after 1940 by incorporating about 2,000 square kilometres of Estonian territory into Russia, where it remains today.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/Harvey_Morris/estonia.htm (569 words)

	Tartu News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Russia is more interested in the treaty now that Estonia has joined the EU and NATO, the press proposes using the situation to return to the Tartu treaty and...
		TARTU, Estonia -- In the wake of the victory of the Orange Revolution in Ukraine and of Moscow's decision to yield one and a half small islands to China to...
		Tartu, Estonia, Feb. 3 (UPI) -- In the wake of the victory of the Orange Revolution in Ukraine and of Moscow's decision...
	news.daylightonline.com /2005-02/Tartu.html (5335 words)

	Estonia Pushes for Border Drawn by Lenin Treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Estonians grudgingly surrender their passports to Russian border guards at this de facto international frontier, but they insist on calling it "the control line." The real border, they say, is the one drawn by the Tartu treaty, and they have written that border into their new constitution, adopted in 1992.
		The Tartu treaty put the monastery under Estonian rule from 1920 until the Soviet occupation in 1939 -- putting it out of Stalin's reach at the height of his anti-church policies.
		Then, for 20 years, according to a treaty wrung from the war-weary government of a state that doesn't even exist anymore, it was Estonian.
	dev.themoscowtimes.com /stories/1994/08/23/007.html (991 words)

	Art - The Baltic Times- NEWS FROM ESTONIA,LATVIA AND LITHUANIA
		He said that since the peace treaty of Tartu had lost its validity in 1940 there were no grounds for such demands.
		Kosachev refrained from any speculations as to when the border treaty could be signed, saying that the matter was not to be decided by parliaments.
		Mihkelson also said signing of the border treaty cannot be linked to any other document.
	www.baltictimes.com /art.php?art_id=11996 (406 words)

	The President of the Republic of Estonia: The President of the Republic at a festive meeting devoted to the 85th ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As a result of that treaty, the war that had lasted nearly a year and a half ended giving Estonia a possibility to be recognised internationally.
		Without the Tartu Peace Treaty, Estonia had not been able to heal the wounds caused by the War of Independence and had not been recognised as an independent state.
		The very fact that a state that was still establishing its existence was able to achieve the signing of peace treaty, was a proof of its capability to function as an independent state.
	www.president.ee /en/duties?gid=58459 (1023 words)

	Finland, Stalin and Germany in the 1930s — Virtual Finland
		In conjunction with the treaty, Soviet Russia had agreed to certain guarantees concerning the organization of East Karelian and Ingrian affairs and local autonomy.
		The purpose of this basically absurd propaganda was to label Finland the aggressor and thus to damage its creditworthiness and reputation in the Nordic countries and the rest of Europe.
		Soon after the peace treaty ending the Winter War a Finnish communist in Leningrad remarked - with some exasperation - that it had been a mistake to allow Finns to return home in the 1930s, where they had indulged in anti-Soviet agitation, the outcome of which was seen in the war.
	virtual.finland.fi /finfo/english/before.html (3974 words)

	Treaty of Tartu - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Treaty of Tartu - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This page was last modified 16:57, 1 May 2005.
		The article about Treaty of Tartu contains information related to Treaty of Tartu, Russo–Estonian treaty, Russo–Finnish treaty and See also.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Treaty_of_Tartu (249 words)

	RIA Novosti - Russia - Russia believes Estonian border treaty ratification impossible - Foreign Ministry
		The statement was issued in connection with the Estonian parliament's June 20 ratification of a treaty on the Russian-Estonian border and the delimitation of the sea in the Gulf of Narva and the Gulf of Finland.
		"In light of the position taken by the Estonian parliament, the treaties cannot be submitted to the Russian Federation parliament for ratification," the ministry said.
		Yesterday, Alexander Yakovenko, the official spokesman for the Russian Foreign Ministry, said that the text of the ratified treaty contained references to documents that had incorrect legal and political provisions that had nothing in common with the original essence of the law.
	en.rian.ru /russia/20050622/40635279.html (366 words)

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