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Topic: Treaties of Velasco

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Battle of Velasco

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1839

	Texas Treasures - The Treaties of Velasco - Texas State Library
		The public treaty consisted of ten articles; a second, secret treaty consisted of six additional articles.
		Moreover, the Mexican government refused to accept the treaties on the grounds that Santa Anna had signed them as a captive.
		Mexico was not to recognize Texas independence until the U.S.-Mexican War was settled by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848.
	www.tsl.state.tx.us /treasures/republic/velasco-01.html (326 words)

	Treaties of Velasco - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Treaties of Velasco were two treaties signed at Velasco, Texas, on 14 May 1836 between the republics of Mexico and Texas, in the aftermath of the Battle of San Jacinto (21 April 1836).
		A treaty of commerce, friendship, and limits to be established between Mexico and Texas, whereunder the territory of Texas would not extend beyond the Rio Grande.
		He was kept as a prisoner of war ("clapped in irons for six months", he later claimed) in Velasco and, later, in Orizimbo, before being taken to Washington, D.C., in the United States to meet with President Andrew Jackson (ostensibly to negotiate a lasting peace between Mexico and Texas, with the USA acting as mediator).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Treaties_of_Velasco (759 words)

	Treaties of Velasco between Texas and Santa Anna.
		Treaties of Velasco between Texas and Santa Anna.
		The Treaty of Velasco, or more accurately the treaties of Velasco, for there were two of them, were concluded on May 14, 1836.
		In the public treaty, Santa Anna agreed that all hostilities would cease; that he would not resume fighting in the future; that all Mexican troops in Texas would return home; that all Texan prisoners would be released; and that the treaty would be binding on General Vicente Filisola, then commanding Mexican soldiers in Texas.
	www.texasescapes.com /AllThingsHistorical/TreatiesOfVelascoAM803.htm (458 words)

	Dr. Aaron A. Velasco
		Velasco, A. Ammon, J. Farrell, and K. Pankow, 2004, Rupture directivity of the November 3, 2002 Denali fault earthquake determined from surface waves, Bull.
		Velasco, A. Ammon, and S. Beck, 2000, Broadband source modeling of the November 8, 1997 Tibet (Mw = 7.5) earthquake and its tectonic implications, J. Geophys.
		Velasco, A. Lay, and J. Zhang, 1996, Long period surface observations of the October 18, 1989, Loma Prieta earthquake, in The Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989--Main-shock characteristics, U. Loma Prieta professional paper 1550-a, ed.
	www.geo.utep.edu /faculty_staff/velasco.htm (582 words)

	Valasco Texas Papers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Velasco, in southern Brazoria County, is one of the oldest towns in Texas.
		It was the scene of the Battle of Velasco during Texas' war with Mexico, and was temporarily the capital of the Republic of Texas.
		The Treaty of Velasco was signed there on May 14, 1836.
	libweb.sfasu.edu /ETRC/collect/MANSCRPT/corprate/VelascoTX/Vela.htm (233 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online:
		The public treaty was to be published immediately, and the secret agreement was to be carried into execution when the public treaty had been fulfilled.
		in pursuance of the public treaty, began withdrawing the Mexican troops on May 26; the Texas army, however, refused to let Santa Anna be sent to Mexico and prevented the Texas government's carrying out the secret treaty.
		With the treaties violated by both governments and not legally recognized by either, Texas independence was not recognized by Mexico and her boundary not determined until the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/TT/mgt5.html (308 words)

	Documents
		No one was a decided winner in the War of 1812 and the Treaty of Ghent decided nothing.
		Rather, the treaty returned the belligerents to the status quo.
		The naval treaty did not deal with air power or land forces, which Japan was aggressively expanding.
	www.laapush.org /great_documents_in_american_hist.htm (4178 words)

	Green, J. of the Texian Expedition Against Mier (tjg_r010.htm)
		Although the Treaty of Velasco would have been repudiated by the Mexican government under any circumstances, Green's actions enabled Mexican leaders in the years that followed to contend that the agreement had been nullified by the failure of Texas to adhere to its terms.
		Green's conduct at Velasco beach also gave ample evidence of the kind of role he envisioned for himself in the new republic.
		Prior to his disagreement with Burnet at Velasco, Green, who had just arrived in Texas and whose military experience was limited to a semester at West Point, wrote to the acting president outlining in considerable detail a plan of defense for Texas.
	www.smu.edu /swcenter/tjgreen/tjg_r010.htm (520 words)

	Texas National Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		On April 25, 1838 the United States of America entered into a formal treaty, which was declared ratified on October 13, 1838, recognizing the full boundaries of The Republic of Texas which encompassed approximate 393,000 square miles of land and included parts of the present states of Oklahoma, New Mexico.
		The Treaty itself is in three parts, and it was approved by We The People of The Republic of Texas and was certified under the law of nations.
		The treaty contained no direct clause of perpetuity; and the people of Texas, with the agreement of the United States Congress and the US executive branch, fully reserved the right at any time, if proper course of law is followed to dissolve the treaty and return to its nation status.
	www.texasnationalpress.com /news2004/02-25-04a.shtml (1649 words)

	Texas History-Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo(1848)
		Mexican officials and Nicholas Trist, President Polk's representative, began discussions for a peace treaty in August, 1847 and the treaty was finalized on February 2, 1848 in Guadalupe Hidalgo, a city north of the capital where the Mexican government had fled as U.S. troops advanced.
		The treaty was signed by Nicholas P. Trist on behalf of the United States and Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto and Miguel Atristain as representatives of Mexico.
		The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was ratified by the United States Senate on March 10, 1848 and ratified by the Mexican government on May 19, 1848.
	www.forttumbleweed.net /hidalgo.html (934 words)

	SSC - TEKS and TAKS - TEKS Glossary - Grade 7
		Under terms of the Constitution of 1836, elections were held and Sam Houston became the president of the Republic of Texas.
		In the Treaty of Velasco, Santa Anna agreed to stop fighting the Texans and to support the independence of Texas.
		The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo transferred more western territory to the United States and reinvigorated the sectional conflict over the expansion of slavery into territories.
	www.tea.state.tx.us /ssc/teks_and_taas/teks/gloss7.htm (3523 words)

	Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Early US History
		Preliminary and Secret Treaty between the French Republic and His Catholic Majesty the King of Spain, Concerning the Aggrandizement of His Royal Highness the Infant Duke of Parma in Italy and the Retrocession of Louisiana.
		Treaty of Amity, Settlement, and Limits Between the United States of America and His Catholic Majesty, 1819 [At Yale]
		Treaty of Commerce and Navigation Between the United States and the Ottoman Empire, February 25, 1862 [At Yale]
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/modsbook26.html (696 words)

	Texas Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		With Santa Anna a prisoner, his captors forced him to sign the Treaty of Velasco on May 14.
		The treaty recognized Texas's independence and guaranteed Santa Anna's life.
		The initial plan was to send him back to Mexico to help smooth relations between the two states.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Texas_Revolution (4364 words)

	Gadsden Purchase
		The Treaty of La Mesilla, also known as the Gadsden Purchase, finally clarified international boundaries that the Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty left unclear.
		Because Article V of the Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty made it clear that modifications to the boundary could only be made by "consent of both nations", Bartlett was anxious for Conde to accept these changes on behalf of Mexico.
		The territory was bound on the east by the Rio Grande, on the north by the Gila River, and on the west by the Colorado River.
	www.epcc.edu /ftp/Homes/monicaw/borderlands/18_gadsden.htm (931 words)

	History News Network
		My understanding is that the Treaties of Velasco specified the Rio Grande as the southern border of the Republic of Texas.
		Seems the first treaty of Velasco (the public one) specified that the Mexican Army would leave Texas and "proceed through" to south of the Rio Grande (or words to that effect).
		With access to only the vague and ambiguous public treaty, some or many thought the border of the Texas republic was the Rio Grande, though historically the territory of Texas in Mexico was north from the Nueces.
	hnn.us /readcomment.php?id=37139&bheaders=1 (1158 words)

	News 8 Austin \| 24 Hour Local News \| TOP STORIES
		Two treaties, one public and one private, were signed to end the war between Texas and Mexico after General Santa Anna was captured.
		The exhibit also includes paintings of the war between the Treaties of Velasco and the treaty that finally ended the war 10 years later.
		That war ended with a treaty that put the issues of the Velasco Treaties to rest, Schlafer said.
	www.news8austin.com /content/top_stories?ArID=132294 (412 words)

	Treaties of Velasco 14 May 1836
		A second "secret" treaty was to be implemented after the terms of the public treaty were fulfilled.
		In essence, the secret treaty provided for Santa Anna's immediate release in exchange for his recognition of Texas as an independent nation.
		Together, the treaties somewhat loosely established Texas' southern border at the Rio Grande River, but this issue would not be finally resolved until 1848--after Texas statehood and the conclusion of the Mexican War.
	students.westport.k12.ct.us /Westrup/treaties_of_velasco_14_may_1836.htm (551 words)

	Countdown to War
		While a prisoner, Santa Anna ordered his troops to leave Texas and signed the secret Treaty of Velasco, which recognized both Texian independence and the Rio Grande as the boundary of Texas.
		Moreover, an act of the Texian Congress declared the Rio Grande to be the fledgling republic's southwestern boundary, despite the fact that as a Mexican province the border of Texas had been the Rio Nueces, some 160 miles further north.
		Consequently, when the United States formally offered terms of annexation to Texas in 1845 (shortly before James K. Polk was sworn in as President), Mexico recalled her ambassador, charging that the annexation of Texas was the same as an act of war.
	www.dmwv.org /mexwar/history/count.htm (1232 words)

	The Avalon Project : 19th Century Documents
		Treaty of Amity, Settlement, and Limits Between the United States of America and His Catholic Majesty.
		Treaty with the Apache, Cheyenne, and Arapaho; October 17, 1865.
		Treaty With the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache; October 21, 1867.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/19th.htm (1832 words)

	Map Display - Cartographic Connections - UTA Library Special Collections
		This map accompanied the annexation treaty negotiated between the U.S. and Texas in 1844, and was part of the accompanying documentation sent to the Senate when the treaty was considered.
		For Texas to be annexed to the U.S. by treaty, the Senate had to ratify the treaty by 2/3 votes.
		It accompanied the treaty of annexation that the John Tyler administration sent the U.S. Senate in 1844 for ratification.
	libraries.uta.edu /ccon/scripts/ShowMap.asp?accession=00110 (1547 words)

	Treaties of Velasco
		The two treaties of Velasco were negotiated between officials of the ad interim government of the Republic of Texas and Santa Anna, the Mexican dictator and commander of forces, about three weeks after his capture by the Texans at the Battle of San Jacinto.
		The "public" treaty, presented below, was to be published and implemented immediately after it was signed.
		Note: The above Spanish text for the Public Treaty of Velasco was transcribed for Lone Star Junction by Galen Greaser, Austin, Texas.
	www.lsjunction.com /docs/velasco.htm (1041 words)

	Auction 4: Lots 173-188
		The presence of this copy of the Treaty made at the time of the original is understandable in light of Morgan’s close ties to the leading figures of the period, and the pivotal role he played in the Texas Revolution and events immediately following.
		Thomas J. Green recently landed on the beach at Velasco from N. Orleans, had with tumult and with threats requested that my person should be placed at their disposal.” The incident Santa Anna refers to was the occasion of the Treaty’s invalidation.
		Burnet addresses each of Santa Anna’s complaints with satire and irony, reminding the dictator that most of the privations he claims to suffer are a direct result of his invasion of Texas.
	www.sloanrarebooks.com /Auctions/a4/Lots_173-188.html (6553 words)

	Texas Almanac 2006-2007 \| TexasAlmanac.com \| History
		June 26 – The first bloodshed of the Texas Revolution takes place at Velasco when Texans, transporting a cannon from Brazoria to Anahuac, are challenged by Mexican forces at Velasco.
		The treaties were, however, violated by both sides.
		Texas' independence was not recognized by Mexico and Texas' boundary was not determined until the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican War, was signed in 1848.
	www.texasalmanac.com /history/timeline/revolution (691 words)

	Green, J. of the Texian Expedition Against Mier (tjg_r009.htm)
		On June 1, 1836, the steamer Ocean landed at Velasco at the mouth of the Brazos River with Green and his volunteers aboard.
		Although the Mexican leader's imminent release was in accord with the provisions of the treaty calling for an exchange of prisoners, Green and others argued that only the First Congress of Texas, which had yet to be elected, had the authority to decide Santa Anna's fate.
		The night after the Ocean dropped anchor, public meetings were held in Velasco to protest the release of the Mexican leader.
	www.smu.edu /SWcenter/tjgreen/tjg_r009.htm (421 words)

	The Treaty Of Velasco
		The contracting parties sign this instrument for the above mentioned purposes, by duplicate, at the port of Velasco, this the 14th day of May, 1836.
		He will so prepare matters in the cabinet of Mexico, that the mission that may be sent thither by the government of Texas may be well received, and that by means of negotiations all differences may be settled, and the independence that has been declared by the convention may be acknowledged.
		A treaty of commerce, amity, and limits, will be established between Mexico and Texas, the territory of the latter not to extend beyond the Rio Bravo del Norte.
	www.texasbob.com /texdoc20.html (585 words)

	Treaties, Laws, Policies, and Court Cases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Treaty of Verdun – 843, divided Charlemagne's empire among Louis the Pious's sons Louis II the German,
		Treaty of Mersen – 870, Louis II took land from Charles II Kalmar Union – 1397, Margaret I made grandnephew Eric king of united Denmark, Sweden and Norway
		Treaty of Kiel – 1814, Denmark ceded Norway to Sweden
	www.stanford.edu /~csewell/culture/laws.htm (5205 words)

	How another wartime congressman sided with an enemy dictator - the Lincoln/Santa Anna speech
		Now, if this is a treaty, recognising the Rio Grande, as the boundary of Texas, it contains the singular feauture [sic], of stipulating, that Texas shall not go within five leagues of her own boundary.
		If Lincoln knew of that treaty, which in explicit terms, defines the limit Texas territory at the Rio Bravo de Norte, aka the northern side of the Rio Grande, yet maintained that no such agreement existed, he was lying pure and simple.
		They rely upon the wrong treaty and forward an argument that is no more valid than the British claiming that Cornwallis' surrender "doesn't count" since it happened after he was defeated in battle.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/904366/posts (7292 words)

	Texas Ranger History-Texas Ranger Timeline
		June 26, 1832 - The Battle of Velasco is the first conflict between Mexican soldiers and Texas settlers.
		The first, a public document, declares that all hostilities are ended, that the Mexican army will immediately withdraw from Texas, and that all Texian prisoners will be released.
		The second agreement, a secret treaty, agrees to recognize Texas Independence in exchange for sparing and freeing Santa Anna.
	www.texasranger.org /history/Timeranging.htm (1316 words)

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