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Topic: Treaty of peace with Italy 1947

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Treaty of peace with Italy

List of treaties

Paris Peace Treaties, 1947

Peace treaty

Free Territory of Trieste

Treaty of Paris

Treaty of London, 1913

Dodecanese Islands

Asia Minor Disaster

Dodecanese

Moscow Peace Treaty (1940)

	History Of Italy
		Italy no longer had any special and individual place in the empire, and the establishment of the new seat of empire at Constantinople in 330 was symptomatic of the decline of Italy and symbolic of the increased importance of the East, even though the new imperial capital was closely modeled after Rome.
		The treaty of peace, which was signed at Lausanne on Oct. 18, 1912, provided for the withdrawal of Italian troops from the Aegean islands as soon as Turkey withdrew all her troops from Libya.
		The peace treaty was ratified by the Constituent Assembly on July 31, 1947.
	members.tripod.com /~worldsite/italy/history.html (18405 words)

	Encyclopedia: Peace treaty
		Treaties are often ratified in territories deemed neutral in the previous conflict and delegates from these neutral territories act as witnesses to the signatories.
		This treaty is considered of such importance in the field of international relations that a reproduction of it hangs in the United Nations headquarters.
		The latter treaty is possibly the most notorious of peace treaties in that it is "blamed" by some historians for the rise of National Socialism in Germany and the eventual outbreak of the Second World War.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Peace-treaty (1980 words)

	Italy. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The Magyars plundered N Italy, and in the south the Arabs seized (917) Sicily and raided the mainland.
		In central and N Italy, the prevailing chaos was increased by the conflict between the emperors and the popes over investiture and by the contested succession to Tuscany after the death (1115) of Countess Matilda.
		After the war, Italy’s borders were established by the peace treaty of 1947, which assigned several small Alpine districts (see Brigue and Tende) to France; the Dodecanese to Greece; and Trieste, Istria, part of Venezia Giulia, and several Adriatic islands to Yugoslavia (now in Slovenia and Croatia) and to the Free Territory of Trieste.
	www.bartleby.com /65/it/Italy.html (5639 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Italy, 1945-1949 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A treaty with Austria was signed, granting special status to the region of South Tyrol, with its ethnic German population majority.
		Italy was given a Peace Treaty on February 10th 1947, which went into force later that year.
		Italy became a founding member of the Council of Europe in 1949; following Tito's break with Stalin, relations between Italy and Yugoslavia improved, despite the unsolved Trieste issue.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/italy/italy194549.html (713 words)

	Italy (11/05)
		Under the 1947 peace treaty, minor adjustments were made in Italy's frontier with France, the eastern border area was transferred to Yugoslavia, and the area around the city of Trieste was designated a free territory.
		Italy's agriculture is typical of the division between the agricultures of the northern and southern countries of the European Union.
		Italy was admitted to the United Nations in 1955 and is a member and strong supporter of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization (GATT/WTO), the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), and the Council of Europe.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/4033.htm (4260 words)

	Paris Peace Treaties, 1947 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Paris Peace Conference (July 29 to October 15, 1946) resulted in the Paris peace treaties signed on February 10, 1947.
		The treaties allowed Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Finland to reassume their responsibilities as sovereign states in international affairs and to qualify for membership in the United Nations.
		The settlement elaborated in the peace treaties included payment of war reparations, commitment to minority rights and territorial adjustments including the end of the Italian colonial empire in Africa and changes to the Hungarian-Slovak, Romanian-Hungarian, Soviet-Romanian, Bulgarian-Romanian and Soviet-Finnish frontiers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paris_Peace_Treaties,_1947 (449 words)

	Britain USA Italy Yugoslavia 1947-1954
		The peace treaty with Italy signed in Paris in 1947 created the Free Territory of Trieste, to be guaranteed by the United Nations Security Council.
		Italy agreed to maintain Trieste as a free port, and the Italian and Yugoslav governments agreed to a special statute regulating the rights of national minorities on both sides of the demarcation line.
		By an October 1975 treaty, Italy relinquished all claims to Zone B, settling finally the status of the region.
	www.onwar.com /aced/data/tango/trieste1947.htm (171 words)

	COLONIAL TREATIES IN THE
		Once Italy’s first colony was born under the name of Eritrea 1890, Ethiopia concluded several treaties with Italy in order to regulate the border between its land and the new Italian colony.
		The two treaties, therefore, could be seen as interesting historical documents from where to draw a conclusion that the present land of Eritrea was Ethiopian territory and that the claim of Ethiopian colonialism by some Eritrean academics, which unfortunately had become fashionable even in several academic circles, lacks substance.
		In fact, at the end of the Second World War and with the 1947 Treaty, Italy was forced by the victorious powers to relinquish any claim over her former colonies that she lost as a result of her war against the allied forces.
	www.addistribune.com /Archives/2001/02/09-02-01/COLONIAL.htm (2274 words)

	Eritrea - Yemen Arbitration award Phase I: Territorial Sovereignty and Scope of Dispute CHAPTER V – The Legal History ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Italy would have tried to secure the most favourable position, both on the ground and in diplomacy, for that day in the future when title would be determined.
		Italy in 1930 informed Great Britain that it had sovereignty over South West Haycock, regarding which it made a specific reservation, that it lay in the Mohabbakahs, that it was prepared for South-West Haycocks and the rest of the Hanish islands to be treated in accordance with Article 5 of the Rome Conversations.
		The text of the treaty still has significance, which the Tribunal may properly take account of, as to the understanding of the parties in the autumn of 1938 regarding the current position of the islands and their intention at that moment as to how they should continue to be treated.
	pca-cpa.org /ENGLISH/RPC/EY/ch5ER-YE.htm (5641 words)

	Istria on the Internet - History - Treaty of Peace with Italy [1948] ATS 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Italy, which, in accordance with Article 30 of the Armistice Agreement, has taken measures to dissolve the Fascist organizations in Italy, shall not permit the resurgence on Italian territory of such organizations, whether political, military or semi-military, whose purpose it is to deprive the people of their democratic rights.
		Italy renounces in favour of China all benefits and privileges resulting from the provisions of the final Protocol signed at Pekin on 7 September 1901, and all annexes, notes and documents supplementary thereto, and agrees to the abrogation in respect of Italy of the said protocol, annexes, notes and documents.
		Italy recognises the provisions of the Final Act of 31 August 1945,[15] and of the Franco-British Agreement of the same date on the Statute of Tangier,[16] as well as all provisions which may be adopted by the Signatory Powers for carrying out these instruments.
	www.istrianet.org /istria/history/ww2/1947_treaty-italy.htm (14574 words)

	Italy Blum Killing Hope
		Pressing domestic needs in Italy, such as agricultural and economic reform, the absence of which produced abysmal extremes of wealth and poverty, were not to be the issues of the day.
		To counter Communist charges in Italy that negroes in the United States were denied opportunities, the VOA broadcast the story of a negro couple who had made a fortune in the junk business and built a hospital for their people in Oklahoma City.
		This message was, presumably, suitably publicized throughout Italy, a task easy in the extreme inasmuch as an estimated 82 percent of Italian newspapers were in the hands of those unsympathetic to the leftist bloc.
	www.thirdworldtraveler.com /Blum/Italy_WBlum.html (4279 words)

	Italy - Atlapedia Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		It is bound by Tyrrhenian and Ligurian Seas to the west, France to the northwest, Switzerland and Austria to the north, Slovenia to the northeast, the Adriatic Sea to the east as well as the Ionian and Mediterranean Seas to the south.
		A new constitution was adopted in 1947 and under the Allied Peace Treaty, which Italy signed in Feb. 1947, it lost its overseas colonies.
		During the 1960's Italy entered a phase of economic privatization and rapid industrial growth while during the 1970's there was a marked increase in the activities of extreme left and righting terrorist groups such as the Red Brigades and neo fascists.
	www.atlapedia.com /online/countries/italy.htm (1628 words)

	ipedia.com: Dodecanese Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This nascent state was quashed almost immediately by the invasion of Italy, which wanted the islands, and particularly the fortress of Rhodes, to control the Mediterranean.
		Following the entrance of Italy into World War I on the side of France and Britain in 1915, the islands became an important British and French naval base, used as a staging area for numerous campaigns, most famously the one at Gallipoli.
		Italy, however, occupied all the islands, including those from which the French and British had now withdrawn; the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923 gave international recognition to the continued Italian administration.
	www.ipedia.com /dodecanese.html (1686 words)

	[No title]
		ARTICLE 16 Italy shall not prosecute or molest Italian nationals, including members of the armed forces, solely on the ground that during the period from June 10, 1940, to the coming into force of the present Treaty, they expressed sympathy with or took action in support of the cause of the Allied and Associated Powers.
		ARTICLE 17 Italy, which, in accordance with Article 30 of the Armistice Agreement, has taken measures to dissolve the Fascist organizations in Italy, shall not permit the resurgence on Italian territory of such organizations, whether political, military or semi-military, whose purpose it is to deprive the people of their democratic rights.
		ARTICLE 18 Italy undertakes to recognize the full force of the Treaties of Peace with Roumania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Finland and other agreements or arrangements which have been or will be reached by the Allied and Associated Powers in respect of Austria, Germany and Japan for the restoration of peace.
	www2.mfa.gr /NR/rdonlyres/F4AFFB6F-DFC3-490D-B33A-77E3EF10FF03/0/1947_italy_treaty.doc (790 words)

	Peace Treaty Strips Italy of Empire (from Italy) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Dismay in Italy was all the greater because the dead belonged to a contingent of some 2,500 men dispatched to Iraq, after...
		Italy's ruling centre-left coalition alliance suffered a severe election setback in the year 2000 and changed its leader as a result.
		Italy's eras of greatness and artistic brilliance and the variety of its natural environments have attracted many travelers in search of beautiful art, landscapes, and places of religious importance.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-203128?tocId=203128 (820 words)

	Italy
		Italy, slightly larger than Arizona, is a long peninsula shaped like a boot, surrounded on the west by the Tyrrhenian Sea and on the east by the Adriatic.
		The peace treaty of Sept. 15, 1947, required Italian renunciation of all claims in Ethiopia and Greece and the cession of the Dodecanese islands to Greece and of five small Alpine areas to France.
		Italy sharply disputed the U.S. military's explanation, which fully exonerated the soldiers involved, contending in its own report that the American soldiers' “inexperience and stress” led to the erroneous killing.
	www.factmonster.com /ipka/A0107658.html (1431 words)

	saeamerica.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Greece as a successor to Italy in the sovereignty over the Dodecanese islands, according to the Paris Peace Treaty with Italy (1947), inherited the legal regime existing in the area.
		Furthermore, customary international law postulates that treaties fixing boundaries are excluded from the application of the principle of the fundamental change of circumstances.
		On the contrary, Greece presented two verbal notes addressed to Turkey, after the conclusion of the Paris Peace Treaty, in which it proposed the drawing of the maritime boundaries "in the north of the Dodecanese" in the areas between Samos, Chios, Mytilini, and the Turkish coasts.
	www.saeamerica.org /en/useful/aegean_issue/imia.html (1138 words)

	Treaty of Peace with Bulgaria; Treaty of Peace with Finland; Treaty of Peace with Hungary; Treaty of Peace with Italy; ...
		Treaty of Peace with Bulgaria; Treaty of Peace with Finland; Treaty of Peace with Hungary; Treaty of Peace with Italy; Treaty of Peace with Roumania [1948] ATS 2
		Such dissolution, however, is without prejudice to the provisions of Article 27 of the present Treaty, nor shall it relieve any party to the contract from the obligation to repay amounts received as advances or as payments on account and in respect of which such party has not rendered performance in return.
		In accordance with the Armistice Agreement, the effect of the Peace Treaty between the Soviet Union and Finland concluded in Moscow on 12 March 1940 is restored, subject to the replacement of Articles 4, 5 and 6 of that Treaty by Articles 2 and 4 of the present Treaty.
	www.austlii.edu.au /au/other/dfat/treaties/1948/2.html (12789 words)

	US CODE--TITLE 50, APPENDIX--WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE
		TREATIES OF PEACE WITH ITALY, BULGARIA, HUNGARY, RUMANIA, AND FINLAND
		On the 10th day of February 1947, separate Treaties of Peace were concluded by designated Allied and Associated Powers, including the United States of America, with Italy, Bulgaria, Hungary and Rumania.
		The Treaty of Peace with Japan, signed at San Francisco on September 8, 1951, was ratified by the United States Senate on March 20, 1952.
	www.access.gpo.gov /uscode/title50a/50a_1_5_.html (544 words)

	tecolahagos.com - ethiopian related issues and commentary
		Their nullity and voidness is not because they were “colonial treaties,” for none were colonial treaties, but due to several other international law principles and practices that render them null and void.
		The termination and nullity of all treaties was due to breach of treaties by Italy, and also due to Italy’s subsequent renouncement of all of its interests spelled out in the 1947 Treaty of Peace (Paris).
		Italy was our public enemy that we fought openly, however, the British and their descendants from elsewhere were far worse enemies of Ethiopia camouflaged as friends.
	www.tecolahagos.com /part4.htm (16279 words)

	Spoils of War No.4 - On the Restitution to Italy of Cultural Property Removed to Germany during the Second World War ...
		The provisions of the Treaty of Peace between Italy and the Allied and Associated Powers, signed at Paris on February 10, 1947, relating to the return of property taken during the Second World War: a) Article 75.
		Article 75 imposes on Italy the obligation to restore, in the shortest possible time and in good order, all the property (including gold) that had been removed by any of the Axis Powers, by force or duress, from the territory of any of the states belonging to the United Nations.
		All that can be said here is that, notwithstanding Italy's obligation to bear all the costs of restitution incurred by the state required to return the removed property, in the event of any doubt about the amount of costs, the amount closer to the lower rather than the higher costs claimed should be used.
	www.dhh-3.de /biblio/bremen/sow4/srli2.html (1465 words)

	ethiobserver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The wisest counsel would have been for these combatant old friends to calm down their animosities and push for peace (then work out their differences, devise a plan for reparation payment and finish the demarcation), but Woldu’s beat is war.
		Tell the prime minister to bring peace to Ethiopia, not by destroying Eritrea (and you don’t have guarantees for that either), but by bringing her to the fold.
		Treaty of Peace With Italy (1947), Evaluation, and Conclusion
	www.ethioobserver.net /monger.htm (685 words)

	Published document collections abou the Paris Peace Conference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Peace Treaties: Various Treaties and Agreements between the Allied and Associated Powers and the Serb-Croat-Slovene State, Roumania, Bulgaria, Hungary, and Turkey, Together with Certain Other Agreements Signed by the Peace Conference at Paris and Saint Germain-en-Laye.
		The Peace Conference, Paris, 1919: Report of the Delegation of the Jews of the British Empire on the Treaties of Versailles, Saint-German-en-Laye and Neuilly and the Annexed Minority Treaties Presented to the Board of Deputies of British Jews and the Council of the Anglo-Jewish Association, February, 1920.
		The Treaty of St. Germain: A Documentary History of Its Territorial and Political Causes, with a Survey of the Documents of the Supreme Council of the Paris Peace Conference.
	www.nv.cc.va.us /home/cevans/Versailles/bibliography/Documents.html (1584 words)

	COMMENTARY Political Revenge under the cover of corruption By Abeba Zerihun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		That is why Italy found it necessary through deceit, intimidation, or bribe to have the Ethiopian Emperor, the rightful sovereign of all the territories Italy occupied by force to sign formal agreements ceding territories to the Italian government.
		Italy did not sign any agreement with Egypt or the Sudan or anybody else on maters dealing with territories it occupied, which it named Eritrea in 1890.
		The Algiers Peace Agreement of 12 December 2000 is full of legal and political landmines that one cannot walk anywhere in safety.
	www.tisjd.net /boston2.htm (7648 words)

	The Avalon Project : Treaty of Peace with Romania : February 10, 1947
		The frontiers of Roumania, shown on the map annexed to the present Treaty (Annex I), shall be those which existed on January 1, 1941, with the exception of the Roumanian-Hungarian frontier, which is defined in Article 2 of the present Treaty.
		Articles 23, 24, 31 and Annex VI of the present Treaty shall apply to the Allied and Associated Powers and France and to those of the United Nations whose diplomatic relations with Roumania have been broken off during the war.
		Such dissolution, however, is without prejudice to the provisions of Article 29 of the present Treaty, nor shall it relieve any party to the contract from the obligation to repay amounts received as advances or as payments on account and in respect of which such party has not rendered performance in return.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/intdip/usmulti/usmu011.htm (5395 words)

	Italy 1947-1948
		A massive letter writing campaign from Americans of Italian extraction to their relatives and friends in Italy -- at first written by individuals in their own words or guided by "sample letters" in newspapers, soon expanded to mass-produced, pre- written, postage-paid form letters, cablegrams, "educational circulars", and posters, needing only an address and signature.
		Voice of America daily broadcasts into Italy were sharply increased, highlighting news of American assistance or gestures of friendship to Italy.
		Two weeks later, the United States gave Italy $4.3 million as the first payment on wages due to 60,000 former Italian war prisoners in the US who had worked "voluntarily" for the Allied cause.
	members.aol.com /bblum6/italy1.htm (4258 words)

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