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Topic: Trench effect

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	Method of increasing trench density for semiconductor - Patent 6291310
		The substrate 102 embodies the drain of the trench MOSFET 10.
		After the trenches are formed, a silicon layer is grown on the walls of the trenches, to a thickness that effectively widens the mesa between adjacent trenches to a width that is greater than or equal to the minimum allowable mesa width.
		The substrate 402 embodies the drain of the trench MOSFET 400.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6291310.html (3743 words)

	Trenches on the Web - Timeline: British Trench Warfare 1917-1918 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Finally, the system of trenches must admit of immediate readjustment of the front, so that the effect of penetration at any point may be localized and need not weaken the hold of the defense on adjacent trenches.
		The repair, maintenance, and improvement of the trenches furnish ample work to afford employment to the troops, who must be made to understand that this work reacts in their own favor in the shape of increased security and comfort and conditions more favorable to health.
		The construction of new trenches in sight of the enemy, and much of their maintenance and repair, the construction, repair, and improvement of obstacles, and in many cases the bringing up of materials and stores and the relief of the garrison, can not be carried out by daylight.
	www.worldwar1.com /tlbtw.htm (1953 words)

	ACO Polymer Products - Trench Drain Outlets
		If the trench drain is part of catchment system that requires the trench drain to hold water for a period of time - such as sustainable drainage system - this pipe can be used as a throttle.
		In modeling hydraulic performance of trench drains, the assumption often made is that the outlet is not a restricting factor.
		If the trench drain is designed with an end outlet, the water builds up along the trench and may flood before reaching the outlet.
	www.acousa.com /drain_outlet.htm (330 words)

	NCPI - Engineering Manual, Chapter 4
		The design trench width at the top of pipe equals the sum of the outside diameter of the pipe, the minimum working space on each side of the pipe, and the thickness of sheeting if removed or the trench box wall on each side of the trench.
		The native material in the trench bottom must be capable of excavation to a uniform undisturbed flat bottom in the case of Class D. If the trench is over-excavated, the trench bottom should be brought back to grade with the required bedding material.
		The pipe may be laid on a flat or unshaped trench bottom of suitable undisturbed native material or, in the case of overexcavating, on a restored flat bedding base.
	www.ncpi.org /EngineeringManual/eng_manual04.htm (5775 words)

	Cross-point lightly-doped drain-source trench transistor and fabrication process therefor - Patent 4954854
		A first, heavily doped drain region and bit line element is formed around the trench on the surface of the well, and a second, lightly-doped drain region is formed proximate to the first drain region and self-aligned to the trench sidewalls.
		The transistor drain is formed in the upper portion of the trench sidewall to connect to a bit line on the substrate surface, and the channel is the vertical portion of the trench sidewall between the source and drain.
		The transistor has a gate insulating film adjacent to the capacitor and formed along a remaining portion of the sidewall surface of the trench, a gate electrode formed along the gate insulating film and a diffusion region formed in a major surface of the semiconductor substrate which is adjacent to the gate insulating film.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4954854.html (2893 words)

	Lisle-Woodridge Fire District
		Trench rescues are a risk in all jurisdictions, however are not common occurrences.
		Trench shields (also called trench boxes) are strong enough to protect a worker from cave-ins as long as the worker stays within the shield.
		Trench shields must be installed no more than 2 feet of the bottom of the trench and even with or above the trench lip.
	www.lwfd.org /Training/TRA/9-1.asp (2103 words)

	Subsidence Sensitivity Study for Low-Level Waste in Slit Trenches
		Global subsidence, where all trenches and the land between the trenches were assumed to subside equally, increased well concentrations by about 25% in the worst case analyzed.
		For the vadose zone, this study analyzed one trench at a time (see Figure 6), as was done in the PA. The primary change to the PA vadose-zone model for this study was increasing the upper boundary condition, i.e., the recharge rate, during the Failed Phase only.
		Because all trenches were identical in the PA, the contaminant flux to the water table from 10 trenches was simply 10 times the flux from a single trench model.
	sti.srs.gov /fulltext/rp2000524/rp2000524.html (4251 words)

	[No title]
		Trench warfare, however, affected the soldiers to a greater extent mentally.
		Men who went crazy from claustrophobia in the close quarters of the trenches would try to escape even though it meant that they would be blown away; to them, even death was irrelevant.
		The effect of the trenches mentally on soldiers during WWI cannot be understated; the impact it had on the soldiers involved (and later, the world) was a lasting one of great.
	members.aol.com /rsreenivas/lab.doc (690 words)

	trench foot, 1914-18, ww1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Trench foot was one of the most widespread and debilitating that affected men from both sides of the lines, it is linked with WW1 hence the name "Trench foot".
		Some situations made trench foot more likely, such as poor fitting boots restriciting the circulation, immobility, amount of water and temperature of water in the base of the trench.
		Nowadays this illness is still known as trench foot or immersion foot, on the Falklands campaign it amounted to 14% of casualties.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/kylet1/tfoot.htm (446 words)

	First World War.com - Feature Articles - Magical Slang: Ritual, Language and Trench Slang of the Western Front
		The French trench mortar, a squat, blunt-nosed gun with angled supports, was called "le crapouillot," a word formed from "crapaud" (toad), either from its shape or the fact that its shells fired almost vertically and then dropped into the opposing trench line, much like the hop of a toad.
		In the realities of trench combat, as Jean Norton Cru has shown, the bayonet, despite its sinister appearance and exalted reputation, was little used and produced minor wounds in comparison to the effects of shrapnel and bullets.
		Along with talisman and ritual, the slang of the trenches provided a stylised discourse for the initiates of the labyrinth, through which they could define themselves as initiates, and simultaneously protect themselves from the constant awareness of their horrific situation.
	www.firstworldwar.com /features/slang.htm (5541 words)

	United States Patent: 6,434,041 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The field effect transistor and the bipolar junction transistor are connected in parallel, with a base connection of the bipolar junction transistor that is coupled to a body of the field effect transistor.
		Layer 304 serves as an emitter for the bipolar junction transistor, a source/drain region for the field effect transistor and a plate of the trench plate trench capacitor.
		During operation the n-channel field effect transistor is used for writing data to a trench plate trench capacitor, while the NPN bipolar junction transistor is used for read operations in conjunction with a current sense amplifier circuit.
	web.engr.oregonstate.edu /~flf/6434041.html (7581 words)

	[No title]
		The possible input variables for both models are the depth/width ratio and fractional areal coverage of the trenches (the rest of the surface being smooth and horizontal), the surface emissivity (not treated rigorously), and the solar incidence and viewing emission angles, and for model B only, the surface albedo.
		19 and 20) the main effect of decreasing the trench depth is to decrease the variation of spectrum slope with emission angle.
		The main effect of topography on the thermal emission spectrum is to increase the spectrum slope with increasing solar incidence, a trend not observed on Ganymede.
	www.boulder.swri.edu /~spencer/dissn/topomod.html (1997 words)

	KINGS CROSS FIRE - LONDON 1987
		Further thought was directed at the likelihood of the escalator fire being pushed upwards in the shaft by a 'piston effect' as trains arriving at platforms forced a major airflow out of the tunnels and up into the ticketing hall.
		It was established that once the trench effect became established, the 'piston effect' from trains would not have played an important role in the rapid spread of the fire up the escalator and into the ticketing hall.
		This trench effect was seen to cause hot gases in the buoyant plume to lay along the escalator surface and create a rapid airflow which caused these gases to curl over and over towards the next steps above.
	www.firetactics.com /KINGSCROSS.htm (1132 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		The effect of trench-oxide depth on the alpha-particle-induced charge collection is analyzed for the first time.
		From the simulation results, it was found that the depth of trench oxide has a considerable influence on the amount of collected charge.
		The confining of generated charge by the trench oxide was identified as a cause of this anomalous effect.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=355658 (209 words)

	United States Patent: 6,381,168 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The method of claim 1 wherein the field effect transistor is an n-channel transistor and the bipolar junction transistor is an NPN transistor.
		The method of claim 13 wherein the field effect transistor is an n-channel transistor and the bipolar junction transistor is an NPN transistor.
		The method of claim 21 wherein the field effect transistor is an n-channel transistor and the bipolar junction transistor is an NPN transistor.
	web.engr.oregonstate.edu /~flf/6381168.html (7725 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The soldiers were literally immobilized in a maze of trenches, subjected to severe shelling and regular sniping, to say nothing of the rigors of outdoor life in northern Europe, with virtually no reliable protection from any of them.
		It is little wonder that the most common metaphor for the trench system, and by extension the war itself, was the labyrinth, a true "initiatory underground." (23) It was not lost on German troops that the root word of der Schhtzengraben (trench) was das Grab, a grave.
		Along with talisman and ritual, the slang of the trenches provided a stylized discourse for the initiates of the labyrinth, through which they could define themselves as initiates, and simultaneously protect themselves from the constant awareness of their horrific situation.
	faculty.ed.umuc.edu /~rschumak/essay5.htm (5558 words)

	studie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		We concentrate on two rheologic effects: the dynamic effect of slab weakening due to grain size reduction at the phase boundary and the effect of yield stress of stress limiting rheology.
		The effect of trench migration on slab deformation is also included in our study.
		However, in case of a 4 cm/yr trench retreat, grain size weakening provides a viable mechanism to deflect the slab in the transition zone, provided that stress-limiting deformation mechanism would limit the effective viscosity outside the areas of grain size weakening to about 10^24 Pa s.
	www.ig.cas.cz /activities/cizkova.htm (281 words)

	Docket No. 76-256
		The trench began at the curb of a four-lane highway and extended into one lane which was barricaded to exclude traffic.
		In determining the length of the trench, the compliance officer did not measure directly along the two longest sides; instead he [5] measured down the middle of the open trench*.
		n9 When he took into account the effect of the vibrations caused by the traffic on the adjacent highway and by the air hammer in the trench, the soil engineer concluded that the safety factor was reduced to 2.48.
	www.oshrc.gov /decisions/html_1981/76-256.html (4942 words)

	NSFC Small Flows Quarterly
		Dispersal trenches are designed to allow the applied septic tank effluent to infiltrate into the soil below and around the trenches for treatment and transport it away from the drainfield area.
		In reality, the infiltration of wastewater from a dispersal trench to the surrounding soil may be by both saturated and unsaturated flow, depending upon the saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivities of the different horizons, both natural and dispersal system induced, in and proximal to the soil-trench interface.
		In solving Darcy’s equation for Q, the area is determined to be the entire surface area of the trench bottom that is covered by the permeable media and for which K is determined.
	www.nesc.wvu.edu /nsfc/sfq_spr03/pg28.htm (5457 words)

	TerraGenesis: Modular Trench Boards - Part 2
		The method of cutting out the trenches was explained in part one.
		Once the pieces had glued in place we covered the whole of the trench assembly with PVA glue to seal and protect it from aerosol sprays and paints.
		The trenches were painted by dry-brushing with brown and then light brown.
	www.terragenesis.co.uk /infopages/page247.html (921 words)

	EETimes.com - Mitsubishi SOI process uses hybrid trench isolation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		On the parts of the chip with partial trench isolation, a thin SOI layer remains under the gate oxide and the bodies of the SOI MOSFETs are fixed automatically, enabling high-voltage operation.
		Full trench isolation is used between the n-wells and the p-wells, which frees the device from latch up, the company said.
		When the self-heating effect is taken into account, the lifetime is currently about 5 years, he said.
	www.eetimes.com /story/OEG20011217S0044 (716 words)

	December 14, 2000 Public Hearing Notice
		New subsection 1541.1(h) will require the upper end of shoring uprights to extend to the top of the trench and the lower end to be placed within 2 feet from the bottom of the trench.
		The effect of the proposed action is to require employers to install protective shoring in a manner that will protect employees from the hazards of loose or raveling soil.
		The effect of the proposed amendment is to minimize the current restrictive nature of the regulation and allow the regulated public more opportunities to choose from a wider range of products.
	www.dir.ca.gov /oshsb/DecemberNotice00.html (2664 words)

	Further notes on drainage, presentations to UFMAC and where UFMAC can look for geology records.
		He did state that there will be a drainage effect to the trench (even when the seepage collars/dams are working) but as they are not, then the drainage area will be much larger, on both sides.
		It was explained that water was noted to flow from the east side of the trench was a few gallons a minute from more then on spot for the whole length of time the conservation stopped in that spot.
		The other two watermains were not trenched into the shale that I know of and no doubt were placed on beds of gravel and not a true barrier to water.
	home.eol.ca /~donbar/ufmac/uletters/nov95u12.htm (3447 words)

	Compositing Water Effects in Photoshop
		This week we take a look at an approach to creating a shallow water effect, one in which the body of water--or brook, as the case may be--is clear and shallow enough for us to distinguish features below the surface.
		This effect involves four layers and five steps, none of which will be difficult for even a beginning Photoshop user to reproduce.
		This will have the effect of scrunching up our ocean ripples to give it the effect of perspective.
	www.creativemac.com /2002/08_aug/tutorials/pswater2020822.htm (555 words)

	CRASH 11 - Starstrike
		The trench is criss-crossed with transverse bridges and side towers, which must be dodged by weaving in and out of them.
		At the end of the trench is a protective forcefield, through which you must fly.
		The trench effect is exceptionally good 3D, and has you swaying in your seat as you weave between the towers and up over the bridges.
	www.mjwilson.demon.co.uk /crash/11/starstk.htm (862 words)

	Essay Info :: What were the psychological and physical effect of trench warfare (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Essay Info :: What were the psychological and physical effect of trench warfare
		What were the psychological and physical effect of trench warfare
		The underlying causes of World War I were the spirit of intense nationalism that permeated Europe throughout the 19th and into the 20th century, the political and economic rivalry among the nations, and the establishment and maintenance in Europe after 1871 of large armaments and of two hostile military alliances.
	essayinfo.com /sample/essay/428 (525 words)

	5000 FREE SAT Words - Learn an Ivy League Vocabulary - SAT Prep Private Tutoring, Classes, Courses, Montgomery County, ...
		The means of draining collectively, as a system of conduits, trenches, pipes, etc.
		To fortify or protect, as with a trench or ditch and wall.
		One of a class of deities of the woods and herds represented as half human, with goats feet.
	www.freevocabulary.com (10050 words)

	Glossary of Gardening, Landscape, and Horticulture Terms for the Home Gardener
		Temporarily setting a plant into a shallow trench and covering the roots with soil to provide protection until it is ready to be permanently planted.
		The idea is to create the effect that the plants grew in that space without man's help, such as you would find wild flowers growing.
		The part of a stem from which a leaf or new branch starts to grow.
	www.thegardenhelper.com /dictionary.html (2365 words)

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