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Topic: Trento class cruiser

	Trento class cruiser - Education - Information - Educational Resources - Encyclopedia - Music
		It was later concluded that this tradeoff put the ships at a disadvantage, and an uparmored version of the design was produced as the highly rated Zara class cruiser in the early 1930s.
		In February 1932 the Trento was sent to Tien Tsin in China to join the San Marco Battalion as a show of force during the Sino-Japanese War, returning on 30 June.
		On 14 June 1942 the Trento sank after being hit by two torpedos, the first air-dropped, the second by the Royal Navy submarine Umbra as she limped home, hitting a magazine and sinking her rapidly.
	www.music.us /education/T/Trento-class-cruiser.htm (749 words)

	Italian Light Cruisers
		The heavy cruisers had a displacement of 10,000 tons and were armed with guns up to 203 mm (8in); light cruisers had a displacement ranging from 5000 to 9000 tons and guns up to 152 mm (6in).
		The light cruisers included four different types, the so called "5000" of the Condottieri class, the "7000" of the Montecuccoli class, the "8000" of the Eugenio di Savoia class to end with the "9000" of the Garibaldi class.
		The light cruisers of the Condottieri class had 4 double launchers in trainable installations placed on deck near the stern smokestack.
	www.regiamarina.net /arsenals/ships_it/cruisers_light/crui_light_us.htm (560 words)

	NWS-OnLine Forum - CA's produced in WWII
		The Heavy or A class cruisre was a child of the Washington naval treaty of 1921 and referred to cruisers armed with guns 8" or larger and a displacement of 10,000 tons..
		THE USN always favored the 8" cruiser due to the large ranges needed in the Pacific, the plethora of Japanese 8" cruisers, and the lack of adequate 6" gun cruisers till the Brooklyns of the 30's.
		The British proposed the A class limits intially to retain the Hawkins, but also because all of their other modern cruisers were lights built for the North Sea and not suited for the battleline or trade routes.
	forums.navalwarfare.net /showthread.php?t=749 (2469 words)

	Avalanche Press
		In the 1920s, two types of cruiser became the standard for world navies: the 10,000-ton “heavy cruiser” armed with eight-inch guns, and the “light cruiser,” usually smaller, armed with six-inch guns.
		The Argentine cruisers carried six 7.5-inch guns, and a dozen of the 100mm anti-aircraft guns standard on Italian cruisers of the period.
		The Brooklyn class comprised eight surviving ships in 1951, and they expected to be granted four of them while their rivals received two each, keeping the precious balance of power in the Southern Cone.
	www.avalanchepress.com /Argentina_Cruisers.php (910 words)

	LemaireSoft's Italian cruiser: global (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The demonstration is less clear for the heavies, which never had to face counterparts alone (either they operated with the rest of the fleet, or they had to battle against crushing odds like in Matapan), but no doubt, the conclusion would have been the same.
		With its heavy cruisers, Italy was unlucky: it lost three of its best units within a few minutes during the Battle off the Cape Matapan in Mach of 1941, after they were caught by surprise and crushed under the fire of British battleships in a night action.
		None of the Italian heavy cruisers survived the war: after the three Zara in Matapan, the submarines sank the Trento in 1942 (she had been damaged by an air torpedo shortly before) and the Bolzano (which didn't sink but was not repaired).
	www.lemaire.happyhost.org /ship/classe1/5005.html (741 words)

	Italian Royal Navy in World War Two: Trento class statistics
		Shipyards: Trento: Orlando - Livorno; Trieste: Stabilimento Tecnico triestino - Trieste; Bolzano: Ansaldo - Genova
		The Trento sank during the battle of "half June" the 14 June 1942 for a double torpedoing from English, the first one by a torpedo aircraft and the successive one by the submarine P.35.
		Thanks to mister Fabrizio Melotto, whose father was aboard the Trento during the mission to Tien Tsin of 1932, who gave me the picture of the original map of the mission and the picture of cruiser Trento in navigation.
	www.regiamarina.it /cartrentoeng.htm (514 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Both heavy and light cruisers were equipped with torpedoes at exemption of the Zara class.
		The Trento class had 4 double launchers in fixed installations.
		The catapults for airplanes on the Trento, Zara were fixed and place on the most forward part of the bow, while the Bolzano had a single catapult installed between the two funnels.
	www.taubmansonline.com /FGYBOLZANO.htm (57 words)

	[No title]
		Some years after the last war, the British Admiralty laid down that, in future, there would only be two classes of cruiser, the “battle cruiser” and the “cruiser.” Then came the Washington Treaty, which limited the size of cruisers to 10,000 tons, and their armament to 8-inch guns.
		All these cruisers are similar in appearance, being easily recognisable by their three raking funnels, raking masts and high freeboard (they were the last three funnelled ships built for the Royal Navy), but they differ outwardly in various ways.
		They are cruisers that have come in for a great deal of criticism in the past, epithets such as “tin-clads” and “liners” being coined by their detractors.
	www.merchantnavyofficers.com /royalnavy3.html (2138 words)

	Amazon.com: Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia: Books: M. J. Whitley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Zaras, ironically enough, had nearly twice as much armour as the preceding Trento class; ironically because, when they were put to the test, it was by the 15-inch guns of Admiral Cunningham's battleships at Matapan, and they might just as well have been wrapped in tissue paper.
		Cruisers of World War 2 is a compilation of all the cruisers in existence during World War 2.
		All the cruisers of 18 countries are covered, with a representive photo or drawing of each class, and listings of all vessels within that class along with date laid down, launch and completion dates, and ultimate fate.
	www.amazon.com /Cruisers-World-War-Two-International/dp/1557501416 (1841 words)

	The Website Located at TomStockton.us - Ships - FIUME CA 1931
		Notes: Designed to be better balanced ships than the preceding TRENTO class (which had traded armor for speed), the ZARA class heavy cruisers were well received by the Italian Navy.
		While they were drawn up as "treaty cruisers" (with a 10,000-ton weight limit), it was soon realized that to meet the design parameters, they would be over the treaty weight limit.
		Provided under the 1928-29 Program, FIUME was originally classed as a light cruiser, then as a "armored cruiser" (to distinguish her from the TRENTO class), then finally as a heavy cruiser.
	www.tomstockton.us /ships/ships_-_f/ships-fiume_ca_1931.htm (483 words)

	Thomo's Hole - Naval Wargames - Battle of Matapan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Tribal class were a large fleet destroyer and were completed between 1938 and 1939.
		The Hasty was a G/H class inter-war fleet destroyer.
		The V&W class vessels were built in World War I with 64 vessels completed by the end of that conflict.
	thomo.coldie.net /naval/matapan.html (1110 words)

	The Website Located at TomStockton.us - Ships - ZARA CA 1931
		Some attempts were made to reduce the weight; torpedo tubes were omitted, belt armor was reduced, a smaller superstructure was built, lighter-weight machinery was used, and instead of a flush deck, the hull was cut down one deck from a short distance behind the "B" barbette aft.
		Provided under the 1928-29 Program, ZARA was originally classed as a light cruiser, then as a "armored cruiser" (to distinguish her from the TRENTO class), then finally as a heavy cruiser.
		At the beginning of the war, ZARA was the flagship of the 1st Cruiser Squadron.
	www.tomstockton.us /ships/ships_-_z/ships-zara_ca_1931.htm (688 words)

	Today In WW II History - Topic Powered by eve community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A WARSHIP IS WOUNDED: This Nachi class heavy cruiser, most formidable of all the war vessels in Simpson Harbor, is shown in the three stages of its bid to escape the narrow confines of the inner anchorage.
		The cruiser Cleopatra, part of Vian's force, was sighted by Italian submarines on the 21st, and Supermarina sounded the alarm.
		The 3rd division, including the cruisers Gorizia, Trento and Bande Nere, along with four destroyers were joined by the battleship Littorio and its escort of four destroyers.
	forums.ubi.com /groupee/forums/a/tpc/f/23110283/m/1771097952/p/12 (7291 words)

	Mediterranean, RN, Fleet, Barham, Cape Bon, Battle, Sirte, George, Cross, ABC, Cunningham, Alexandria, Malta, Convoys, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		She was sunk by cruisers “Aurora” and “Penelope” and destroyer “Lively”.
		Starting around 15.00: (1) The three Italian cruisers were driven off in a long-range gunnery duel with the Royal Navy's 5.25in "Dido" class cruisers.
		Cruiser "Charybdis" and two destroyers left the the main cover force and returned east to replace the lost ships.
	www.naval-history.net /WW2CampaignsRNMed2.htm (5685 words)

	TheHistoryNet \| World War II \| Battle of Cape Matapan: World War II Italian Naval Massacre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		At their urging, and because of the general feeling at Supermarina (Italian naval headquarters) that an attempt should be made to re-establish the dynamics of conflict in the area, Operation Gaudo was born.
		Unfortunately for the Italians, the cruiser turned out to be the veteran HMS Ajax, which was equipped with radar, a technological advancement unknown in the Italian navy.
		At 1800 hours Iachino was advised that as a consequence of the Sunderland identification the sweep north of Crete by the 1st Cruiser Division would be canceled, and the fleet would concentrate its forces south of the island and sweep northward past Cape Matapan at the southern tip of Greece.
	www.historynet.com /magazines/world_war_2/3029406.html (1468 words)

	Italian Navy
		The British were slightly numerically inferior and were based in Alexandria (Mediterranean Fleet) and Gibraltar (Force H), two of the advantages the British had, were the availability of aircraft carriers and tactics based on the use of aircraft in reconnaissance and strike roles.
		This class was a substantial undertaking for the Italian Navy with 12 ships being laid down within a matter of a few months.
		These ships were born for hunt down the surface torpedo boats, but replaced them in their assignment of escort of other units and antisubmarine defense.
	homepage.eircom.net /~war/itanav.htm (681 words)

	HMS LIVELY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The design of the L Class destroyers was based on that of the preceding J and K classes, but with modifications to accommodate enclosed mounts for 4.7 inch guns, a combined high angle/ low angle director control tower and more powerful machinery.
		The British Tribal Class destroyer H.M.S. Zulu had her forecastle stove in by the severe weather The damaged cruiser Giovanni delle Bande Nere, heading for La Spezia, was sunk by the Malta based submarine HMS Urge 11 miles South East of Stromboli Island.
		At 10:25 the cruiser tried to take the Breconshire in tow, but with no power the crew of the damaged ship were unable to haul in and secure the heavy towing cable to the capstan or winches.
	ahoy.tk-jk.net /HMSLivelyBook/HMS_LIVELY_BOOK.htm (8193 words)

	War in the Mediterranean - The Taranto Raid
		The two cruisers were scheduled to reinforce Operation Judgement (attack on Taranto) fleet.
		In addition, the 6 battleships, 7 cruisers and 28 destroyers in the inner and outer harbors of Taranto could potentially add a tremendous punch to the Italian AA, lending their 600+ batteries.
		In the inner harbor, heavy cruiser Trento had been damaged by an unexploded bomb which had open a hole in one of her fuel tank.
	www.geocities.com /ed_morris_inc/grandfather/Taranto.htm (2307 words)

	Regia Marina - WikiLeasing.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		AAfter the war, the ''Giulio Cesare'' was passed to the Soviet Union.In the Co-belligerency period, until VE (Victory Europe) day, Italian light cruisers participated in the naval war in the Atlantic with patrols against German raiders.
		in Taranto: ''Regina Margherita'', ''Benedetto Brin'''Regina Elena' class:
		in Taranto: ''Regina Elena'', ''Vittorio Emanuele'', ''Napoli'', ''Roma'''Dante Alighieri' class:
	www.wikileasing.com /15/Regia_Marina.html (1726 words)

	Italian Navy, Zara, Fiume, Pola, Artigeliere, Aviere, Trento (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		On the 11th, carrier "Illustrious", escorted by cruisers and destroyers, headed for a position in the Ionian Sea 170 miles to the southeast of Taranto.
		On the 27th, Vice-Adm Pridham-Wippell with cruisers "Ajax", "Gloucester", "Orion" and the Australian "Perth" and destroyers sailed from Greek waters for a position south of Crete.
		with a Mediterranean Fleet cruiser force escorting a convoy from Greece to Egypt, was torpedoed and sunk to the southeast of Crete by Italian submarine "Ambra"
	www.naval-history.net /WW2CampaignsItalianNavy.htm (6109 words)

	Trento class cruiser - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Trento and Trieste: 4,160 nautical miles at 16 knots (30 km/h)
		In the end they chose to sacrifice armor and fuel storage, and thus range, in order to attain the required speed and weight while still being armed with the latest 8 inch (200 mm) guns.
		The Trento still lies at the bottom of the Ionian Sea, where the Mediterranean is at its deepest (36°10′N 18°40′E).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trento_class_cruiser (836 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - 1936 Naval OoB Comments.
		While Adler and Guderian make a distinction for cruisers based on light and heavy, which is reasonable, they seem to base this on armament caliber only, ignoring number of guns and tonnage, which are just as relevant in determining what is and isn’t a heavy cruiser.
		I have removed the Pluton from the cruisers as she was an unarmoured minelayer.
		De Grasse was actually a light cruiser (laid down before and completed after the war), but no names were ever assigned to the projected large heavy cruiser class, so De Grasse will have to do.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?t=128651 (4000 words)

	Submarines of the Royal Navy in Alphabetical Order...U (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A second theory is that the submarine hit a mine near Tripoli on the night of 11th April, supported by the fact that a submarine was sighted approaching a minefield.
		U class Previously called P31, renamed Ulleswater in February 1943 and then re-named Uproar in April 1943.
		Left Malta on 27th April 1942 on passage to Alexandria where she was due to arrive on the 6th.
	myweb.tiscali.co.uk /rnsubmarines/name/u.html (3126 words)

	Italian Cruisers
		Italian Cruisers from the Armoured Cruiser Marco Polo 1892 to Capitani Romani Class launched in 1940.
		Italian armoured cruiser Carlo Alberto in 1902 was launched at Spezia in 1896 she measured 324 ft in length with a displacement of 6,500 tons and a speed of 20 knots.
		Originally a German light cruiser she was scuttled on 23rd September 1943 but raised by the Germans only to be bombed and sunk on 23rd October 1943.
	www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk /italian_cruisers.htm (2271 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This 68,000-ton battleship would have had a cruising range of 9,200 miles.
		, French light cruiser 1939 – The ship was a classic French light cruiser design, whose main opponents were thought to be the warships of the Italian navy.
		was one of the four-ship Da Barbiano Class, the first class of five succeeding classes of Italian light cruiser designs collectively called the Condottieri, named after famous Italian mercenary captains of the Renaissance.
	www.steelnavy.com /1200Superior04Aug.htm (349 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This kit portrays the cruiser after that conversion and as she appeared as part of the Japanese force at the Battle of Surigao Strait, where she was sunk.
		In 1883 three cruisers and a dispatch vessel were finally approved by a Congress, wary of large navies.
		Model 2 is a Kombrig Koni IV class in 1/700 of the Lbyian Navy with the fwd Styx launchers and blast defectors" This model is the Libyan Al Hani, Koni IV from Combrig in 1:700 scale.
	www.steelnavy.com /SiteAdditions04-2.htm (5752 words)

	Caravaggio, Summer 2006 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Photographs taken that day revealed that six Italian battleships and three cruisers, together with some destroyers, were moored on the shoreward side of Taranto’s outer harbor, with two more cruisers, twenty-one destroyers, sixteen submarines, nine tankers, and many more smaller craft in the inner harbor.
		In particular, Cunningham expected that Malta would have a force of cruisers and destroyers permanently based on the island; safe docking, refit, and repair facilities for warships; a submarine flotilla; airfields from which to operate bomber, reconnaissance, and four fighter squadrons; and raiding forces of troops that could operate from Malta.
		When it became known that the Italian fleet was at large, Somerville launched the Hurricanes at the extreme limit of their range and then withdrew, resulting in the loss of eight of the twelve aircraft.
	www.nwc.navy.mil /press/Review/2006/summer/art5-su06.htm (9981 words)

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