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Topic: Tribunat

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	Tribunat - Biocrawler
		"Tribunat" is the French name of a collective organ of the young revolutionary French Republic composed of members styled tribun or tribune.
		The name is derived from the Latin term tribunatus, meaning office or term of a Roman tribunus.
		Despite the apparent reference to one of ancient Rome's prestigious magistratures, the Tribunat did not hold any individual authority as such, nor any real political power as an assembly.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Tribunat (94 words)

	Francois Guillaume Jean Stanislas Andrieux - LoveToKnow 1911
		Under the Convention he was made civil judge in the Court of Cassation, and was one of the original members of the Institute.
		A moderate statesman, he was elected secretary and finally president of the Tribunat, but with other of his colleagues he was expelled for his irreconcilable attitude towards the establishment of the civil code.
		On his retirement he again turned to write for the stage, producing Le Tresor and Moliere avec ses amis in 1804.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Francois_Guillaume_Jean_Stanislas_Andrieux (409 words)

	Napoleon
		- The establishment of the Tribunat and of the Corps Législatif.
		- Motion of Curée to the Tribunat proposing that Napoleon Bonaparte be proclaimed 'Emperor of the French'.
		A delegation from the Tribunat presents the motion to the Sénat.
	www.napoleon.org /en/reading_room/timelines/files/proclamation_empire_0504.asp (718 words)

	Tribune - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		When it opposed the first parts of Bonaparte's proposed penal code, he made the Senate nominate 80 new members at once to replace the 100 in office; they accepted the historically important reform of penal law.
		As the Tribunate opposed new despotic projects, he got the Senate in year X to allow itself to dissolve the Tribunat.
		Tribune, Roman magistracies and civilian offices, Tribune of the Plebs, Roman military officers, Tribune of the soldiers, Cohort commander, Tribune of the treasury, Various offices, French revolutionary tribunat, Sources, References and External links, Roman law and Ancient Roman titles.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Tribune (1142 words)

	The French National Assembly - History of the National Assembly
		After four years of severe political instability the coup de grâce came on 18 Brumaire Year VIII (9 November 1799), when Bonaparte took power and parliament was eclipsed for many years.
		By the Constitution of the Year VIII (1799) France's legislature under the Consulate and the First Empire was divided into four assemblies (Conseil d'Etat, Tribunat, Corps législatif and Sénat), none of them elected by direct suffrage.
		This furthered the omnipotence of the executive, concentrated in the hands of Napoleon.
	www.assemblee-nationale.fr /english/8am.asp (1061 words)

	Archontology.org: History of France: Constitution: 1799: presidents, kings, prime ministers, biography, database
		- Le Tribunat discute les projets de loi; il en vote l'adoption ou le rejet.
		- Quand le Tribunat s'ajourne, il peut nommer une commission de dix à quinze de ses membres, chargée de le convoquer si elle le juge convenable.
		- Les délits personnels emportant peine afflictive ou infamante, commis par un membre soit du Sénat, soit du Tribunat, soit du Corps législatif, soit du Conseil d'État, sont poursuivis devant les tribunaux ordinaires, après qu'une délibération du Corps auquel le prévenu appartient, a autorisé cette poursuite.
	www.archontology.org /nations/france/common/01_constitution1799.php (4123 words)

	Lucien Bonaparte - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lucien was sent as ambassador to the court of Charles IV of Spain, (November, 1800), where his diplomatic talents won over the Bourbon royal family and, perhaps as importantly, the minister Manuel de Godoy.
		Though he was a member of the Tribunat in 1802 and was made a senator of the First French Empire, Lucien came to oppose many of Napoleon's imperial ideas.
		In 1804, spurning imperial honors, he went into self-imposed exile, living initially in Rome, where Pope Pius VII made him "Prince of Canino", he bought the Villa Rufinella in Frascati.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lucien_Bonaparte (627 words)

	[No title]
		Moll’s authorship is in any case indisputable, even without the evidence of his name printed on the cover of the Getty document.
		On 27 March 1805, the Cahier was formally offered to the Tribunat, a consultative body of the French State in existence from 1800 to 1807.
		These copies remain to be discovered, as does the one deposited on Moll's behalf in the library of the Tribunat.
	www.design.upenn.edu /arch/via12/authors/mcclung/page2.htm (687 words)

	Say, Annotated Bibliography, by David Hart: Library of Economics and Liberty
		Say's fluency in English meant that, when he came across a copy of Smith's Wealth of Nations (which had still not been translated into French) while working in a life insurance office, he was able to quickly absorb its contents.
		Say's practical business experience and his knowledge of current economic policy led to his appointment in 1799 to the Tribunat where he served on the finance committee.
		Say's blunt refusal to serve the interests of Napoleon and his constant opposition to the profligate spending of the government in the finance committee led to his dismissal from the Tribunat.
	www.econlib.org /library/Say/SayBio.html (1090 words)

	Chr, fÃ¼r, Tribunat, Volk, Tribuni, Tribun Tribun
		Chr.) wurde das Tribunat auf seine anfÃ¤ngliche geringe Macht eingeschrÃ¤nkt.
		Im Mittelalter wurde noch einmal ein kurzer Versuch gemacht, das Tribunat wiederherzuhellen, indem vom rÃ¶mischen Volk 1347 die Republik erklÃ¤rt und Cola di Rienzo zum Tribun erhoben wurde.
		Chr, fÃ¼r, Tribunat, Volk, Tribuni, Tribun, Konsuln, Gewalt, tribuni
	www.dbilink.de /Tribun.html (633 words)

	La Constitution du 22 Frimaire AN VIII
		- Le Tribunat discute les projets de loi ; il en vote l'adoption ou le rejet.
		- Quand le Tribunat s'ajourne, il peut nommer une commission de dix à quinze de ses membres, chargée de le convoquer si elle le juge convenable.
		- Les délits personnels emportant peine afflictive ou infamante, commis par un membre soit du Sénat, soit du Tribunat, soit du Corps législatif, soit du Conseil d'Etat, sont poursuivis devant les tribunaux ordinaires, après qu'une délibération du Corps auquel le prévenu appartient, a autorisé cette poursuite.
	www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr /textes/constitution/c1799.htm (3505 words)

	Louis Léopold Boilly / The Arcades at the Palais Royal / =before 1804 wkg BGF
		Visit www.davidrumsey.com/amica for more information on the collection, click on the link below the revolving thumbnail to the right, or email us at amica@luna-img.com.
		Although he received a gold medal, the painting for which this is a preliminary drawing was severely criticized for its candid reportage of what were then considered activities of questionable moralities.
		The painting depicted the spectators in the gallery of the Tribunat, as the Palais Royal was called from 1800 to 1807.
	www.davidrumsey.com /amico/amico149362-5647.html (410 words)

	Napoleon
		- Sénatus-consulte prenant en considération le voeu du Tribunat et réélisant Bonaparte pour 10 ans à l'expiration de son premier mandat de dix ans, c'est à dire jusqu'en 1819
		- Vote du Consulat à vie à l'unanimité moins la voix de Carnot au Tribunat, à l'unanimité moins trois voix au Corps Législatif.
		Une délégation du Tribunat présente au Sénat cette motion.
	www.napoleon.org /fr/salle_lecture/chronologies/files/proclamationempire_18mai1804.asp (632 words)

	ANDRIEUX (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Under the Convention he was made civil judge in the Court of Cassation, and was one of the original members of the Institute.
		A moderate statesman, he was elected secretary and finally president of the Tribunat, but with other of his colleagues he was expelled for his irreconcilable attitude towards the establishment of the civil code.
		On his retirement he again turned to write for the stage, producing Le Tresor and Moliere avec ses amis in 1804.
	simplestartpage.com /2301_ANDRIEUX.HTML (412 words)

	Paris As It Was and As It Is (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Independently of so many sources of instruction, the _Athénée_, as is expressed in the programme, really affords to subscribers the resources and charms of a numerous and select society.
		The apartments, which are situated near the Palais du Tribunat, in the _Rue du Lycée_, are open to them from nine o'clock in the morning to eleven at night.
		Several rooms are appropriated to conversation; one of which, provided with a piano-forte and music, serves as a rendezvous for the ladies.
	manybooks.net /pages/blagdonfetext058pari10/420.html (329 words)

	[No title]
		But it may be unjust to restrict Moll wholly to the context of France.
		In his presentation to the Tribunat, Moll’s spokesman Challan described him as much traveled.
		As Emil Kaufmann notes, "a passion for traveling" was virtually a generic characteristic of the revolutionary temperament (Kaufmann 179-80).
	www.design.upenn.edu /arch/via12/authors/mcclung/page14.htm (425 words)

	TRIBUNAT. EXTRAIT Du procès-verbal des séances du Tribunat. Du 21 Floréal an ...
		Le Tribunat a émis le vœu qu'il lui en soit donné des témoignages.
		Le Tribunat avoit émis le vœu qu'il fût donné au général Bonaparte, premier Consul de la République, un gage éclatant de la reconnoissance nationale : le Sénat conservateur n'a pas pensé que la Constitution lui permît de remplir, dans toute sa latitude, ce vœu qui etoit aussi dans son cœur.
		Le Tribunat adopte ces deux propositions, en ordonne l'insertion au procès-verbal, l'impression et la distribution au nombre de six exemplaires, ainsi que du message des Consuls.
	www.napoleonica.org /proclamation/pro044.html (813 words)

	Jean Augustin de Penieres
		He continued to denounce the terrorists, and contributed to the success of the reaction of 27 and 28 July, 1794.
		He was elected to the council of five hundred in 1796, was a member of the Tribunat from 1799 till 1802, and a deputy to the Corps Legislatif in 1807-'11, and during the hundred days.
		After the second restoration of Louis XVIII., in 1815, he came to the United States, and founded in Mobile, Alabama, an academy for young men and a college for ladies, which became fashionable.
	www.famousamericans.net /jeanaugustindepenieres (514 words)

	The Role of the Economist in Public Policy
		Adam Smith's work was largely prompted by a critique of mercantilism and adherence to a moderate free-market policy; and he ended his years happily as one of the leading customs commissioners in Scotland.
		Say, as a young man, was one of the leading members of the ruling French Tribunat during the Directory period, and he virtually founded the dominant nineteenth-century school of French laissez-faire economics.
		James Mill, in addition to his leading role in classical British theory, was a high official of the East India Company in governing India, and he was the undisputed leader (if from outside Parliament) of a bloc of twenty to thirty Philosophical Radicals in Parliament during the 1830s.
	www.mises.org /misesbib/pubpol.asp (4916 words)

	tribunat - English-Italian Dictionary - WordReference.com
		We found no English translation for 'tribunat' in our English to Italian Dictionary.
		Or did you want to translate 'tribunat' from Italian to English?
		Non ci sono titoli che contengano la parola/frase 'tribunat'.
	www.wordreference.com /enit/tribunat (61 words)

	Tifozat.com
		Ndonëse një tifoz i thjeshtë do ta ketë të vështirë të qëndrojë në tribunat qendrore të stadiumit "Qemal Stafa", tribunat anësore dhe ato pas portës kanë çmime relativisht të pranueshme për standardet shqiptare.
		Pjesa e pare kaloi konstant kendim nga te dyja grupet kurse ne ate te dyten Arpagjik't rreth 10 minuta u munduan ta mbajne gjall atmosferen deri sa Prishtina nuk shenoi gol.
		Te dyja tribunat e stadiumit te qytetit ishin plot e perplot me vendas.
	tifozat.com (1062 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Es ist vielleicht nie bestimmt ausgesprochen worden, wie es werden sollte nach Abfassung des Landrechts; aber an dem definitiven Verzicht der Plebs auf das Tribunat ist nicht zu zweifeln, da dieselbe durch das Dezemvirat in die Lage kam, nicht anders als auf ungesetzlichem Wege das Tribunat zurueckgewinnen zu koennen.
		Spurius Maelius, ein reicher Plebejer, verkaufte waehrend schwerer Teuerung (315 439) Getreide zu solchen Preisen, dass er den patrizischen Magazinvorsteher (praefectus annonae) Gaius Minucius beschaemte und kraenkte.
		Seitdem die plebejische Aristokratie sich des Tribunats zu ihren Zwecken bemaechtigt hatte, war weder von der Domaenenangelegenheit noch von der Reform des Kreditwesens ernstlich die Rede gewesen; obwohl es weder fehlte an neugewonnenen Laendereien noch an verarmenden oder verarmten Bauern.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/etext02/2momm10.txt (13481 words)

	The Project Gutenberg eBook of Paris as It Was and as It Is, by Francis W. Blagdon
		Gallery of the Louvre in continuation—French School—Flemish School—The pictures in the Saloon are seen to much greater advantage than those in the Gallery—Gallery of Apollo—These superb repositories of the finest works of art are indiscriminately open to the public.
		The Palais du Tribunat, an epitome of all the trades in Paris—Prohibited publications—Mock auctions—Magazins de confiance à prix fixe—Two speculations, of a somewhat curious nature, established there with success—The Palais Royal, a vortex of dissipation—Scheme of Merlin of Douay for cleansing this Augæan stable.
		Public instruction—The ancient colleges and universities are replaced by Primary Schools, Secondary Schools, Lyceums, and Special Schools—National pupils—Annual cost of these establishments—Contrast between the old system of education and the new plan, recently organized.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/etext05/8pari10h.htm (13723 words)

	Chapter 32: Capitulation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Tribunat had proposed the measure, and under Napoléon's Constitution of the Year VIII, it was now presented to the Legislature of three hundred to be voted on without discussion.
		Observing that afternoon was Henri Grégoire, one of the architects of abolition and now a senator in Napoléon's government, one of eighty men who had the power to appoint the members of the Tribunat and the Legislature and to annul unconstitutional acts of the Legislature.
		As Grégoire listened to Minister Briux's presentation, he remembered vividly the day, eight years earlier, when he hurried to the Convention at the Tuileries in anticipation of the great moment when slavery would be ended.
	www.towson.edu /~richard/chap32.html (7220 words)

	Canadian Conservative Forum - Requested Essay
		From 1799 to 1802 he served as a member of the Tribunat, he acted as Councilor of State during the Hundred Days of 1815, he framed Napoleon's Constitution for the monarchy after the Hundred Days, and he became a deputy to the Chamber in 1819.
		Like Constant, he became a member of the Tribunat in 1799.
		At this time many criticized England's new industrial order; for example, the French Simonde de Sismondi expected capital investments would sometimes force production to outrun consumption, and the English William Spence argued capital investment in areas other than agriculture created insecurity and fluctuations (Fusfeld 49).
	www.conservativeforum.org /EssaysForm.asp?ID=6152 (7948 words)

	Chapter 21
		In April 1802, Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1756-1832), the Minister of the Interior, presented a comprehensive plan for a three-level public education system.
		(The project was adopted by the Tribunat by 80 votes to 9 and by 251 to 27 in the Legislature, and came into force on May 1, 1802).
		The prefects, in cooperation with the mayors, were given the mission of creating public primary schools in the towns and villages.
	www.napoleonicsociety.com /english/Life_Nap_Chap21.htm (1640 words)

	tribunat - French-English Dictionary WordReference.com
		We found no English translation for 'tribunat' in our English to French Dictionary.
		Or did you want to translate 'tribunat' from French to English?
		Forums WR : discussions dont le titre comprend le mot "tribunat".
	www.wordreference.com /enfr/tribunat (65 words)

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