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Topic: Tribuni militum consulari potestate

	Splash - Cultura - Latino - Tacito - Historiae - Liber I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		[45] Alium crederes senatum, alium populum: ruere cuncti in castra, anteire proximos, certare cum praecurrentibus, increpare Galbam, laudare militum iudicium, exosculari Othonis manum; quantoque magis falsa erant quae fiebant, tanto plura facere.
		nec consularis legati mensura sed in maius omnia accipiebantur.
		nec militum animus in gaudium aut formidine permotus: bellum volvebat.
	www.splash.it /cultura/latino/tacito/historiae/1 (10465 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		(15) Appius, uehementis ingenii uir, imperio consulari rem agendam censebat : uno aut altero adrepto quieturos alios; Seruilius, lenibus remediis aptior, concitatos animos flecti quam frangi putabat cum tutius tum facilius esse.
		Tribuni plebi popularem potestatem lege populari celebrabant; patres satis superque gratuiti furoris in multitudine credentes esse, largitiones temeritatisque inuitamenta horrebant.
		Tribuni plebem agitare suo ueneno, agraria lege; in resistentes incitare patres nec in uniuersos modo sed in singulos.
	pot-pourri.fltr.ucl.ac.be /files/AclassFTP/Textes/Tite-Live/Tite02.txt (16821 words)

	Printable Version on Encyclopedia.com
		The history of the office of tribune is closely associated with the struggle of the plebs against the patrician class to achieve a more equitable position in the state.
		From c.508 BC the military tribunes (tribuni militum) were the senior officers of the legions, elected by the people and with the rank of magistrate; a plebeian could hold the position.
		The office of military tribune with the power of consul (tribuni militum consulari potestate) was established in 444 BC The office meant that certain of the military tribunes were invested with the political power of the consul.
	www.encyclopedia.com /printable.aspx?id=1E1:tribune (374 words)

	Livy: Book V
		Sergius tribunus militum praeerat castra adorti sunt ingentemque terrorem intulere, quia Etruriam omnem excitam sedibus magna mole adesse Romani crediderant.
		Inter haec tribuni plebis, cum in concordia hominum secundisque rebus ciuitatis inuiti silentium tenuissent, feroces repente minari tribunis militum, nisi in auctoritate senatus essent, se in uincla eos duci iussuros esse.
		Faliscis in stipendium militum eius anni, ut populus Romanus tributo uacaret, pecunia imperata.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /livy/liv.5.shtml (13105 words)

	TRIBUNE - LoveToKnow Article on TRIBUNE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The tribuni celerurn or commanders of the horsemen no longer existed in the later times of the republic, having died out with the decay of the genuine Roman cavalry.i So long as the monarchy lasted these tribunes were doubtless nominated by the commander-in-chief, the king; and the nomination ~passed over on.
		The tribunes thus elected sufficed for four legions and ranked as magistrates of th Roman people, and were designated tribuni militum a populo, while those who owed their office to the consuls bore the curious title of t,ibuni rufuli.
		In the long struggle between the patrician and plebeian sections of the population, the first distinctions in the public service to which the plebeians forced their way were military, and the contest for admission to the consulate was, in large part, a contest for admission to the supreme command of the national forces.
	88.1911encyclopedia.org /T/TR/TRIBUNE.htm (3953 words)

	Tribune Did You Mean tribune (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		During a period of particular political struggle between the patricians and plebeians (Conflict of the Orders), the unusual office of Tribuni militum consulari potestate (military tribune with consular powers) was used in place of the consulship.
		The first Tribuni militum consulari potestate was in 444 BC, and the office was held on and off (and for as long as 15 years at a stretch) until the Lex Licinia Sextia became effective in 366 BC.
		The duties of the tribunes of the treasury (tribuni aerarii) are somewhat shrouded in mystery.
	www.did-you-mean.com /Tribune.html (1007 words)

	Livy: Liber IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Tribuni quoque plebi certamen sine effectu in beneficio apud primores patrum reliquere.
		Adversus quam actionem primo et consules et patres summa ope adnisi sunt concedendo deinde ut quemadmodum in tribunis consulari potestate creandis, sic in quaestoribus liberum esset arbitrium populi, cum parum proficerent, totam rem de augendo quaestorum numero omittunt.
		Bolis insequente anno receptis Aequi coloniaque eo deducta novis viribus oppidum firmarunt, tribunis militum Romae consulari potestate Cn.
	www.gmu.edu /departments/fld/CLASSICS/liv.4.html (13990 words)

	Tribun - Wikipedia
		Die Anführer der Legionen wurden Tribuni militares (Militärtribunen) genannt.
		Die Tribuni aerarii (Ärartribune) zogen Kriegssteuern und Tribute ein und zahlten den Sold an die Soldaten aus.
		Eine besondere Art von Tribunen waren die Kriegstribunen mit konsularischer Gewalt (tribuni militum consulari potestate), die nach einem 445 v.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tribun (675 words)

	Timeline of ancient Rome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The office of consul is replaced by an assembly of military tribune with consular powers, the Tribuni militum consulari potestate for this year.
		408 BC – Consul replaced with Tribuni militum consulari potestate continuously from this point on.
		391 BC – Office of Tribuni militum consulari potestate replaces office of consul.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Timeline_of_ancient_Rome (2756 words)

	[No title]
		Tribuni militum consulari potestate held office in place of consuls this year.
		In several years during the period 444 - 367 B.C., consuls were not elected, but instead a board of military tribunes with consular power (often called consular tribunes) were elected to govern the state.
		In 376 B.C., C. Licinius Stolo and L. Sextius Sextinus Lateranus were elected tribuni plebis (tribunes of the plebs), and they proposed their famous Licinio-Sextian rogations.
	www.ghg.net /shetler/rome/rulers/coss389-301.html (390 words)

	[No title]
		Decemviri consulari imperio legibus scribundis held office in place of consuls this year.
		Collatinus was forced to resign, largely by the authority of his colleague, and was succeeded by Publicola.
		In this year a board of ten decemviri consulari imperio legibus scribundis held office cum imperio consulari in succession to the consuls to codify the laws.
	www.ghg.net /shetler/rome/rulers/coss509-390.html (622 words)

	TRIBUN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Die Anführer der Legionen wurden Tribuni militares (Militärtribunen) gennannt.
		Von ihnen gab es in jeder Legion sechs, was bei vier Legionen insgesamt 24 Tribune ergab.
		Der genaue Zeitpunkt der Einsetzung dieser Institution, der Umfang ihrer Macht, der ursprüngliche Wahlmodus sowie die anfängliche Anzahl der Volkstribunen ist ungewiss.
	www.toonorama.com /encyclopedia/T/Tribun (610 words)

	Livy: Book IV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Tertius ab consulatu Cossi annus tribunum eum militum consulari potestate habet, eodem anno magistrum equitum; quo in imperio alteram insignem edidit pugnam equestrem.
		[30] Agitatum in urbe ab tribunis plebis ut tribuni militum consulari potestate crearentur nec obtineri potuit.
		Tarditatis causa non in senatu magis fuit quam tribunis, qui, quia summa vi restari nuntiabatur, parum cogitauerunt nulla virtute superari humanarum virium modum.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /livy/liv.4.shtml (13987 words)

	tribune. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		B.C. the military tribunes (tribuni militum) were the senior officers of the legions, elected by the people and with the rank of magistrate; a plebeian could hold the position.
		The office of military tribune with the power of consul (tribuni militum consulari potestate) was established in 444
		B.C. The office meant that certain of the military tribunes were invested with the political power of the consul.
	www.bartleby.com /65/tr/tribune.html (399 words)

	Cicero. In C. Verrem oratio
		Quo maiore etiam (si fieri potest) apud vos odio esse debet, quam est apud populum Romanum, cum in avaritia, scelere, periurio, vos sui similis esse arbitretur.
		Non enim potest sperare populus Romanus esse alios in senatu qui recte possint iudicare, vos si non potueritis: necesse est, cum de toto ordine desperarit, aliud genus hominum atque aliam rationem iudiciorum requirat.
		Non enim potest dicere, "cum seditionem sedare vellem, cum frumentum imperarem, cum stipendium cogerem, cum aliquid denique rei publicae causa gererem, quod acrius imperavi, quod animadverti, quod minatus sum." Quae si diceret, tamen ignosci non oporteret, si nimis atrociter imperando sociis in tantum adductus periculum videretur.
	khazarzar.skeptik.net /books/cicero/verreml.htm (17205 words)

	Livy Book 5
		Priusquam a Delphis oratores redirent Albaniue prodigii piacula inuenirentur, noui tribuni militum consulari potestate, L. Iulius Iulus L. Furius Medullinus quartum L. Sergius Fidenas A. Postumius Regillensis P. Cornelius Maluginensis A. Manlius magistratum inierunt.
		Caedicius de plebe nuntiauit tribunis se in Noua uia, ubi nunc sacellum est supra aedem Vestae, uocem noctis silentio audisse clariorem humana, quae magistratibus dici iuberet Gallos aduentare.
		Ibi tribuni militum non loco castris ante capto, non praemunito uallo quo receptus esset, non deorum saltem si non hominum memores, nec auspicato nec litato, instruunt aciem, diductam in cornua ne circumueniri multitudine hostium possent; nec tamen aequari frontes poterant cum extenuando infirmam et uix cohaerentem mediam aciem haberent.
	tabula.rutgers.edu /latintexts/livy/auc/livy_book5.html (12985 words)

	Livy Book IV
		Erat tum inter equites tribunus militum A. Cornelius Cossus, eximia pulchritudine corporis, animo ac viribus par memorque generis, quod amplissimum acceptum maius auctiusque reliquit posteris.
		Agitatum in urbe ab tribunis plebis ut tribuni militum consulari potestate crearentur nec obtineri potuit.
		Interim tribunos militum in Volscum agrum ducere exercitum placuit; Cn.
	tabula.rutgers.edu /latintexts/livy/auc/livy_book4.html (13809 words)

	Tacito (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		memoriam quoque ipsam cum voce perdidissemus, si tam in nostra potestate esset oblivisci quam tacere.
		filia atque uxore superstitibus potest videri etiam beatus incolumi dignitate, florente fama, salvis adfinitatibus et amicitiis futura effugisse.
		At Germani Carbone et Cassio et Scauro Aurelio et Servilio Caepione Gnaeoque Mallio fusis vel captis quinque simul consularis exercitus populo Romano, Varum trisque cum eo legiones etiam Caesari abstulerunt; nec impune C. Marius in Italia, divus Iulius in Gallia, Drusus ac Nero et Germanicus in suis eos sedibus perculerunt.
	www.freewebs.com /omniamundamundis/tac.htm (17889 words)

	Bellum Civile III
		Hoc idem reliqui iurant legati; tribuni militum centurionesque sequuntur, atque idem omnis exercitus iurat.
		Sed fortuna, quae plurimum potest cum in reliquis rebus tum praecipue in bello, parvis momentis magnas rerum commutationes efficit; ut tum accidit.
		Quo facto regem ut in sua potestate haberet, Caesar efficit, magnam regium nomen apud suos auctoritatem habere existimans et ut potius privato paucorum et latronum quam regio consilio susceptum bellum videretur.
	perso.wanadoo.fr /prima.elementa/Ces-cv3a.html (13195 words)

	Tribunus (Tribune) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		p421) supposes that the tribuni aerarii, who occur down to the end of the republic, were only the successors of the tribunes of the tribes.
		When in the year 406 B.C. the custom of giving pay (stipendium) to the soldiers was introduced, each of the tribuni aerarii had to collect the tributum in his own tribe, and with it to pay the soldiers (Varro, de Ling.
		the Tribuni militum cum consulari potestate and the censors.
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Post/203651 (3482 words)

	689-690 (Nordisk familjebok / 1800-talsutgåvan. 16. Teniers - Üxkull)
		Andra krigstribuner voro tribuni militum consulari potestate, »krigstribuner med konsulsmakt».
		De vigtigaste romerske tribunerna voro tribuni plebis, menighetstribunerna, vanligen kända under namnet folktribuner.
		En förlikning åstadkoms då genom en under gudomligt hägn ställd lag (lex sacrata}, enligt hvilken plebs (menigheten) skulle få egna ämbetsmän med titeln tribuni.
	www.runeberg.org /nfap/0351.html (849 words)

	ROMA ARCAICA, STORIA, LETTERATURA E FILOSOFIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		L’età arcaica 40 trebbe ipotizzare che la magistratura dei tribuni militum consulari potestate, che dal 444 al 367 a.C., in numero variabile da tre a otto, sostituirono in molti anni i consoli, potrebbe aver corrisposto ad aumenti della forza bilanciata romana.
		La definitiva conclusione del conflitto coincide con il riconoscimento della portata vincolante delle sue delibere per l’intero popolo, inclusi i patrizi, riconoscimento che, nonostante le incertezze della tradizione, non può essere stato anteriore alla fine del IV secolo e forse venne solo intorno al 287 a.C., dopo una secessione sul Gianicolo, con una lex Hortensia.
		Ciò che può ammettersi è che, anche prima di allora, i tribuni usassero i loro poteri per evitare che gli scita plebis restassero lettera morta.
	www.mitopositano.it /roma_arcaica.htm (14574 words)

	Tribune - ENCYCLOPEDIA - The History Channel UK
		From c.508 &BC; the military tribunes (tribuni militum) were the senior officers of the legions, elected by the people and with the rank of magistrate; a plebeian could hold the position.
		The office of military tribune with the power of consul (tribuni militum consulari potestate) was established in 444 &BC; The office meant that certain of the military tribunes were invested with the political power of the consul.
		Although military tribunes were abolished (367 &BC;), the office of tribune of the plebs (tribuni plebis) designed to protect plebeian rights, especially against abuse by magistrates, had been formed (493 &BC;).
	www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /staging/search/search.php?word=tribune (497 words)

	Timeline of ancient Rome
		408 BC –; Consul replaced with Tribuni militum consulari potestate continuously from this point on.
		394 BC –; Office of consul replaces Tribuni militum consulari potestate.
		391 BC –; Office of Tribuni militum consulari potestate replaces office of consul.
	articles.gourt.com /?article=Timeline+of+Ancient+Rome (2718 words)

	Your Info (Timeline of ancient Rome) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		- The office of consul is replaced by an assembly of military tribune with consular powers, the Tribuni militum consulari potestate for this year.
		- 408 BC –; Consul replaced with Tribuni militum consulari potestate continuously from this point on.
		- 391 BC –; Office of Tribuni militum consulari potestate replaces office of consul.
	help.terminologie.nl.wikiax.biz /en/Timeline+of+Ancient+Rome (3395 words)

	Cicero: de Lege Agraria II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Non enim natura neque discidio neque odio penitus insito bellum nescio quod habet susceptum consulatus cum tribunatu, quia persaepe seditiosis atque improbis tribunis plebis boni et fortes consules obstiterunt, et quia vis tribunicia non numquam libidini restitit consulari.
		Totus enim ager Campanus colitur et possidetur a plebe, et a plebe optima et modestissima; quod genus hominum optime moratum, optimorum et aratorum et militum, ab hoc plebicola tribuno plebis funditus eicitur.
		Etenim illis honores, potestates, divitiae ex tumultu atque ex dissensionibus civium comparari solent; vos, quorum gratia in suffragiis consistit, libertas in legibus, ius in iudiciis et aequitate magistratuum, res familiaris in pace, omni ratione otium retinere debetis.
	www.archeologhia.com /fonti_latine/Cicerone/cic.legagr2.html (8605 words)

	Eutropius: Breviarium ab urbe condita, Liber 2
		Praesumpserunt tamen tribuni militares consulari potestate iterum dignitatem et triennio perseveraverunt.
		Tum se M. Valerius tribunus militum obtulit, et cum processisset armatus, corvus ei supra dextrum bracchium sedit.
		Ob quam rem a dictatore capitis damnatus, quod se vetante pugnasset, ingenti favore militum et populi liberatus est tanta Papirio seditione commota, ut paene ipse interficeretur.
	www.forumromanum.org /literature/eutropius/text2.html (2022 words)

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