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Topic: Trichlorofluoromethane

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	NTP: Abstract for TR-106 Trichlorofluoromethane
		Trichlorofluoromethane, a widely used halocarbon aerosol propellant and refrigerant, was selected for bioassay by the National Cancer Institute because of widespread exposure to this compound resulting from the indiscriminate use of aerosol sprays, and the well-documented hepatocarcinogenicity of the structurally analogous compound, carbon tetrachloride.
		Trichlorofluoromethane in corn oil was administered by gavage, at either of two dosages, to groups of 50 male and 50 female animals of each species, 5 days per week, over a period of 78 weeks.
		The time-weighted average high and low dosages of trichlorofluoromethane in the chronic bioassay were, respectively, 977 and 488 mg/kg/day for male rats, 1,077 and 538 mg/kg/day for female rats, and 3,925 and 1,962 mg/kg/day for mice of both sexes.
	ntp.niehs.nih.gov /index.cfm?objectid=07044635-E868-4A61-9F904421337F4521 (478 words)

	Trichlorofluoromethane. TOXNET profile from Hazardous Substances Data Base.
		Trichlorofluoromethane was released as emissions or in wastewater during its production, storage, transport and use as a foaming agent for polyurethane foams, degreaser and solvent, especially in the aerospace and electronics industries, and as a fire extinguishing agent(1-3).
		Trichlorofluoromethane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(7), however the rate is greatly affected by the presence of metals such as steel which act as catalysts(8).
		The Koc of trichlorofluoromethane is estimated as 97(SRC), using a water solubility of 1,100 mg/l at 20 deg C(1) and a regression-derived equation(2).
	www.fluoridealert.org /pesticides/trichlorofluorometha.toxnet.htm (15191 words)

	Trichlorofluoromethane - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Trichlorofluoromethane, also called freon-11, CFC-11, or R-11, is chlorofluorocarbon.
		Because of the high chlorine content and the ease with which the chlorine atoms can be displaced when the molecule is subject to ultraviolet light, R-11 has the highest ozone depletion potential (1.0) of any refrigerant.
		Trichlorofluoromethane is used as a reference compound for fluorine-19 NMR studies.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trichlorofluoromethane (158 words)

	ChemAlliance Case Study: Activated Charcoal Adsorption Reduces Air Emissions from Polyurethane Foam Manufacturer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		During the production of polyurethane block soft foam, trichlorofluoromethane and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) are generated in the exhaust air and need to be controlled prior release to the environment.
		Activated charcoal is used for removing trichlorofluoromethane and TDI which are emitted with the exhaust air during the conventional production process.
		The trichlorofluoromethane, however, is recovered through regeneration of the charcoal bed with hot steam.
	www.chemalliance.org /Handbook/plant/case_study.asp?CSID=231 (167 words)

	World Trade Center - VOC Monitoring near the World Trade Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		High levels of trichlorofluoromethane (a refrigerant, R-11), were observed in the samples from the roof at 140 Broadway.
		The field forms for the morning samples for 140 Broadway (roof and street level) were accidentally switched so the laboratory report forms misidentified the roof and street level samples at this location.
		Because the trichlorofluoromethane and methylene chloride were on the roof top and people are not being directly exposed to them, they are not discussed in the health implications section.
	www.health.state.ny.us /nysdoh/alert/voc/voc.htm (2033 words)

	EWG Investigation \| U.S. Tap Water Quality Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Trichlorofluoromethane remains unregulated in tap water, without a maximum legal limit.
		Because Trichlorofluoromethane is unregulated in tap water, no violations are recorded in EPA's violations database, the Safe Drinking Water Information System.
		Under the federal tap water law, water suppliers are not required to routinely test for Trichlorofluoromethane, and any level is legal in tap water.
	www.ewg.org /tapwater/contaminants/contaminant.php?contamcode=2218 (593 words)

	Spectrum Laboratories : Chemical Fact Sheet - Cas # 75694
		Trichlorofluoromethane (Freon 11) was primarily released to the environment during its
		trichlorofluoromethane will be lost by volatilization (half-life 6.1 hr in a typical river).
		trichlorofluoromethane since estimates of its half-life range from 52 to 207 years.
	www.speclab.com /compound/c75694.htm (709 words)

	ATSDR - PHA - Colesville Municipal Landfill, Colesville, Broome County, New York
		One of the water supplies was a spring which originates east of the landfill disposal area.
		Exposure of laboratory animals to high concentrations of trichlorofluoromethane damaged the heart, liver, kidneys and central nervous and respiratory systems of these animals.
		Toxicological data are inadequate to assess the carcinogenic potential of trans-1,2-dichloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane and trichlorofluoromethane.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /hac/pha/colesville/cml_p2.html (4539 words)

	Chlorofluorocarbons - CFC's (CFC), any of several organic compounds composed of carbon, fluorine, chlorine, and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		These halogenated hydrocarbons, notably trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11, or F-11) and dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12, or F-12) Freon A (trademark), any of several chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) that are used in commerce and industry.
		These halogenated hydrocarbons, notably trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11, or F-11) and dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12, or F-12), have been used extensively as aerosol-spray propellants, refrigerants, solvents, and foam-blowing agents.
		They are well-suited for these and other applications because they are nontoxic and nonflammable and can be readily converted from a liquid to a gas and vice versa.
	www.c-f-c.com /supportdocs/cfcs.htm (479 words)

	Cross-linked starch coated antiperspirant derivative of aluminum, process for its preparation and antiperspirant ...
		These aerosol propellant agents are well known and are referred to in the present invention as a fluorohydrocarbon aerosol propellant agent.
		These propellant agents are principally fluoronated derivatives of methane or ethane and the propellants most often utilized are dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon 12), trichlorofluoromethane (Freon 11), and dichlorotetrafluoroethane (Freon 114).
		In practice, there is generally used either a mixture of Freon 11 and 12 or a mixture of Freon 12 and 114.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4078051.html (4768 words)

	EWG Investigation \| U.S. Tap Water Quality Database
		Trichlorofluoromethane (Freon 11) is a refrigerant, solvent, chemical intermediate, and halocarbon aerosol that was banned as of 2000 under the Montreal Protocol because of its ozone-depleting properties.
		Potential health impacts associated with Trichlorofluoromethane include cardiovascular or blood toxicity, gastrointestinal or liver toxicity, neurotoxicity, respiratory toxicity, and skin sensitivity.
		Notice: No health based standards for Trichlorofluoromethane were exceeded in California.
	ewg.org /tapwater/statereports/state_contaminant.php?state=CA&contam=2218 (268 words)

	ATSDR - PHA - Omega Chemical Site (a/k/a Omega Chemical Corporation), Whittier, Los Angeles County, California
		Trichlorofluoromethane is a colorless, volatile liquid or a gas at 75F.
		Breathing trichlorofluoromethane can irritate the lungs causing coughing and/or shortness of breath.
		The EPA has not made a determination as to the carcinogenicity of trichlorofluoromethane.
	www.atsdr.cdc.gov /HAC/PHA/omega/ocs_p2.html (6698 words)

	A Fatal Case of Trichlorofluoromethane (Freon 11) Poisoning. Tissue Distribution Study by Gas Chromatography-Mass ...
		A Fatal Case of Trichlorofluoromethane (Freon 11) Poisoning.
		Nevertheless the aspecific picture of the anatomo-pathological and histological findings does not exclude that the described accidental fatality may have been caused by the combination of direct freon toxicity with hypoxemic asphyxiation, due to the saturation of the atmosphere by FC11 in the closed environment in which the intoxication occurred.
		Author Groppi A, Polettini A, Lunetta P, Achille G, Montagna M Title A Fatal Case of Trichlorofluoromethane (Freon 11) Poisoning.
	www.astm.org /JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/2408.htm (304 words)

	Trichlorofluoromethane.IRIS.htm
		0120 Trichlorofluoromethane; CASRN 75-69-4 Health assessment information on a chemical substance is included in IRIS only after a comprehensive review of chronic toxicity data by U.S. EPA health scientists from several Program Offices and the Office of Research and Development.
		Substance Name -- Trichlorofluoromethane CASRN -- 75-69-4 Last Revised -- 08/01/1992 The oral Reference Dose (RfD) is based on the assumption that thresholds exist for certain toxic effects such as cellular necrosis.
		In general, the RfD is an estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime.
	www.fluoridealert.org /pesticides/trichlorofluoromethane.iris.htm (760 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Inert ingredients; Revocation of Pesticide Tolerance Exemptions for Three CFC Chemicals
		In this final rule, EPA is revoking five tolerance exemptions for residues of dichlorodifluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, and trichlorofluoromethane because these specific tolerance exemptions correspond to uses no longer current or registered under FIFRA in the United States.
		The tolerance exemptions revoked by this final rule are no longer necessary to cover residues of the relevant pesticide chemicals in or on domestically treated commodities or commodities treated outside but imported into the United States.
		Therefore, for the reasons stated herein and in the proposed rule, EPA is revoking the exemptions from the requirement of a tolerance in 40 CFR 180.910 for residues of dichlorodifluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, and trichlorofluoromethane, and in 40 CFR 180.930 for residues of dichlorodifluoromethane and trichlorofluoromethane.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2005/August/Day-03/p15334.htm (2710 words)

	TEC ACCUTITE - Projects Enviromental (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		This lead to the installation of monitoring wells to assess groundwater contamination and a soil gas survey.
		The survey found chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), trichlorofluoromethane, and dichlorodifluoromethane.
		This data was used to develop a site conceptual model.
	www.tecaccutite.com /projects/index.htm (636 words)

	OGW Tech Memo 95.02 Attachment
		CFCs were first produced in the 1930s as the refrigerant trichlorofluoromethane (CCl2F2, or CFC-12) followed by production of trichlorofluoromethane (CCl3F, or CFC-ll) in the 1940s, and trichlorofluoromethane (C2Cl3F3, or CFC-113) in the 1960s.
		T.R., 1979, Trichlorofluoromethane as a Ground-Water Tracer for Finite-State Models.
		Thompson, G.M., and J.M. Hayes, 1979, Trichlorofluoromethane in groundwater: A possible tracer and indicator of groundwater age.
	water.usgs.gov /admin/memo/GW/gw95.02.att.htm (3456 words)

	Ozone Issue Basics
		Thomas Midgley, one of the scientists who developed CFCs, would often inhale large amounts of CFCs at public demonstrations to show how safe they were.
		Electron density maps for dichlorodifluoromethane (left) and trichlorofluoromethane (right).
		The color red shows regions of highest electron density and the color blue shows regions of the least electron density.
	www.chemheritage.org /educationalservices/faces/env/readings/why.htm (489 words)

	1994 Building Publications - Effects of Humidity and Elevated Temperature on the Density and Thermal Conductivity of a ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		polyisocyanurate foam; humidity; temperature; density effects; thermal conductivity; rigid foam; trichlorofluoromethane; carbon dioxide
		Measurements of density and apparent thermal conductivity are presented for specimens of rigid polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam cut from a commercial insulation co-blown with trichlorofluoromethane (CCI3F) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
		Eight specimens, nominally 580 by 580 mm, were prepared from two boards (1.2 by 2.4 m by 50 mm) of foam laminated with permeable facers.
	fire.nist.gov /bfrlpubs/build94/art066.html (225 words)

	GEIA Global Emissions Inventory Activity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		F, trichlorofluoromethane) is now used primarily within rigid plastic insulating foams ("closed cell foams").
		Some material is released into the atmosphere when the foam is first blown but most of the losses occur in the long term due to gradual migration of the insulating gas through the cell walls, with total loss when the equipment is finally removed from service and scrapped.
		Global Emissions of CFC-11 (trichlorofluoromethane) from 1933 to 2000
	geiacenter.org /reviews/cfc11.html (1129 words)

	Dichlorofluoromethane - toxicity, ecologicial toxicity and regulatory information
		Health and other hazards, protective equipment, and handling of Trichlorofluoromethane (English), NJ RTK Factsheets
		Quickview Toxicity Summary for Trichlorofluoromethane from U.S. EPA IRIS Database
		Emergency procedures (spills, fire, poisoning) for Trichlorofluoromethane, INCHEM ICSC
	www.pesticideinfo.org /Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC33437 (837 words)

	R-11, Trichlorofluoromethane - Properties, Purity and Packaging. A colorless, nonflammable, noncorrosive gas. Has an ...
		Has an ether like odor in high concentrations.
		Uses: Trichlorofluoromethane is used as a refrigerant, as a heat transfer medium, as a solvent, as a propellant in insecticidal aerosols and as a chemical intermediate.
		Abundance: More so than R-113 and is expected to maintain a relative good supply into the year 2005, while older chiller units become replaced with more ozone friendly products, the old material will be reclaimed and recycled for other medical and research applications.
	www.c-f-c.com /gaslink/pure/r11.htm (85 words)

	Fluorotrichloromethane
		SYNONYM(s): Refrigerant 11; Monofluorotrichloromethane; Freon 11; Trichlorofluoromethane; Trichloromonofluoromethane; F-11
		Colorless liquid or gas with a chlorinated solvent odor which is detectable at >20% by volume.
		ACGIH TLV: 1000 ppm, 5620 mg/m3 Ceiling; Appendix A4 (Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen) (TLV listed under Trichlorofluoromethane)
	www.osha.gov /dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_242500.html (157 words)

	Soy Candle Making Workshop Brought To You By SoyCandleMaker.biz
		Spews hazardous chemicals that are either in the paraffin wax, the wick, or are present when paraffin wax is burned....Acetone, Benzene, Trichlorofluoromethane, Carbon Disulfide, 2-Butanone, Trichloroethane, Trichloroethene, Carbon Tetrachloride, Tetrachloroethene, Toluene, Chlorobenzene, Ethylbenzene, Styrene, Xylene, Phenol, Cresol, Cyclopentene and Lead.
		Trichlorofluoromethane from the list above is one of the principal green house gasses that many scientists agree is destroying the ozone layer of our planet!
		Imagine what burning millions of paraffin candles around the world every day could be doing...
	www.soycandlemaker.biz (2923 words)

	Intermediate-Scale Tests of the Gas-Phase Partitioning Tracer Method for Measuring Soil-Water Content -- Carlson et al. ...
		The gas tracers, mixed in a balance of N, were contained in
		Breakthrough curves for SF (sulfur hexafluoride; nonpartitioning tracer) and trichlorofluoromethane (CFM) or difluoromethane (DFM) (partitioning tracer) obtained from (A) Exp. 1, (B) Exp. 2, (C) Exp. 3, (D) Exp. 4, (E) Exp. 5.
		= soil-water content; CFM = trichlorofluoromethane; DFM = difluoromethane.
	soil.scijournals.org /cgi/content/full/67/2/483 (1614 words)

	Trichlorofluoromethane (CASRN 75-69-4), IRIS, Environmental Protection Agency
		Source Document -- This assessment is not presented in any existing U.S. document.
		Screening-Level Literature Review Findings -- A screening-level review conducted by an EPA contractor of the more recent toxicology literature pertinent to the RfD for Trichlorofluoromethane conducted in September 2002 did not identify any critical new studies.
		IRIS users who know of important new studies may provide that information to the IRIS Hotline at hotline.iris@epa.gov or (202)566-1676.
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0120.htm (658 words)

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