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Topic: Trigeminal nerve

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Cranial nerves

Trochlear nerve

Facial nerve

Supraorbital nerve

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Abducens nerve

Mandibular nerve

Accessory nerve

Hypoglossal nerve

Optic nerve

Olfactory nerve

Muscles of mastication

Vagus nerve

Trigeminal neuralgia

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	Trigeminal nerve - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The trigeminal nerve is the fifth (V) cranial nerve, and carries sensory information from most of the face, as well as motor supply to the muscles of mastication (the muscles enabling chewing), tensor tympani (in the middle ear), and other muscles in the floor of the mouth, such as the mylohyoid and anterior digastric muscle.
		The mandibular nerve supplies motor fibres to the temporalinbhjhjhjghgncs, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid, masseter (the four main muscles involved in mastication), tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, and the tensor tympani.
		Trigeminal neuralgia is an example of a disorder of the trigeminal nerve where the sufferer experiences pain in the territory of the trigeminal nerve innervation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trigeminal_nerve (688 words)

	IX. Neurology. 5e. The Trigeminal Nerve. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		The ciliary ganglion is connected with the ophthalmic nerve; the sphenopalatine ganglion with the maxillary nerve; and the otic and submaxillary ganglia with the mandibular nerve.
		Nerves of the orbit, and the ciliary ganglion.
		It passes forward on the lateral side of the optic nerve, and enters the postero-superior angle of the ciliary ganglion; it is sometimes joined by a filament from the cavernous plexus of the sympathetic, or from the superior ramus of the trochlear nerve.
	www.bartleby.com /107/200.html (5634 words)

	Trigeminal neuralgia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Trigeminal neuralgia, or Tic Douloureux, is a neuropathic disorder of the trigeminal nerve that causes episodes of intense pain in the eyes, lips, nose, scalp, forehead, and jaw.
		Trigeminal neuralgia is considered by many to be among the most painful of conditions and has been labeled the "suicide disease," due to the significant numbers of people taking their own lives because they were unable to have their pain controlled with medications or surgery.
		The trigeminal nerve is the fifth cranial nerve, a mixed cranial nerve responsible for sensory data such as tactition (pressure), thermoception (temperature), and nociception (pain) originating from the face above the jawline; it is also responsible for the motor function of the muscles of mastication, the muscles involved in chewing but not facial expression.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trigeminal_neuralgia (806 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia : the compression of the nerve
		The trigeminal nerve transmits sensation from parts of the face to the brain and controls some of the muscles that are involved in chewing.
		The trigeminal nerve is the fifth of twelve pairs of cranial nerves enervating the face and head, and is denoted by the Roman Numeral V. It has three divisions which enervate the forehead and eye (ophthalmic V1), cheek (maxillary V2) and lower face and jaw (mandibular V3).
		The pain of trigeminal neuralgia is due to a disturbance in the function of the trigeminal nerve, which carries sensation from the face to the brain.
	www.womenfitness.net /trigeminal_neuralgia.htm (2032 words)

	TicBrochure
		Pain in the upper branch of the trigeminal nerve that involves the forehead may be relieved temporarily by an operation called a "supraorbital neurectomy".
		In trigeminal neuralgia the abnormal discharge is in a pain-bearing trigeminal nerve.
		The procedure is similar to the vascular decompression procedure described in the section on the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, however this procedure is directed to the facial nerve approximately one-half inch away from the trigeminal nerve.
	www.neurosurgery.ufl.edu /FacultyPage/TicBrochure.html (3143 words)

	Washington University Neurosurgery: Clinical Programs / Pain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Blood vessels compressing the trigeminal nerve where it leaves the brain are dissected from the nerve and a small piece of Teflon felt is placed between the nerve and blood vessels.
		A glycerol injection of the trigeminal nerve is performed with a needle passed through the cheek under x-ray control through a small opening in the base of the skull into the trigeminal nerve.
		This procedure is relatively new for trigeminal neuralgia and the long-term outcome of patients treated with the Gamma Knife for trigeminal neuralgia is not known.
	neurosurgery.wustl.edu /clinprog/pain.htm (1398 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia \| AHealthyMe.com
		Trigeminal neuralgia is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve (which is divided into three branches, as illustrated above) that causes episodes of sharp, stabbing pain in the cheek, lips, gums, or chin on one side of the face.
		Trigeminal neuralgia is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve) that causes episodes of sharp, stabbing pain in the cheek, lips, gums, or chin on one side of the face.
		The trigeminal nerve, which is divided into three branches, is responsible for chewing, for producing saliva and tears, and for sending facial sensations to the brain.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100587606 (838 words)

	CPMC Neurosurgery - Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The trigeminal nerve is also known as cranial nerve V. It transmits sensation from the face, eyes and teeth and controls the muscles of mastication (chewing).
		This may be due to branches of the superior cerebellar artery, basilar artery, or local veins compressing the trigeminal nerve root.
		In younger patients, trigeminal neuralgia can be caused by tumors in the region of cranial nerve V or (more commonly) by multiple sclerosis.
	cpmcnet.columbia.edu /dept/nsg/NSGCPMC/specialties/trigeminal.html (462 words)

	Trigeminal Nerve (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The sensory root joins the trigeminal or semilunar ganglion between the layers of the dura mater in a depression on the floor of the middle crania fossa.
		The three sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve emanate from the ganglia to form the three branches of the trigeminal nerve.
		The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae.
	www.meddean.luc.edu /lumen/MedEd/GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cn5.htm (345 words)

	Facial Neuralgia Resources: Trigeminal Neuralgia
		Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN), also known as Tic Douloureux, is considered by many to be the "most terrible pain known to man." The electric shock-like pain generally is on one side of the face and is spasmodic, coming in short bursts lasting a few seconds.
		Trigeminal Neuralgia is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve, one of twelve pairs of cranial nerves on each side of the head.
		The word "trigeminal" derives from the Latin word "tria" which means "three" and from "geminus" which means "twin" and refers to the fact that the trigeminal nerve has three distinct branches on each side of the head.
	facial-neuralgia.org /conditions/tn.html (1610 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Neuralgia
		It affects the main sensory nerve of the face, the trigeminal nerve ("trigeminal" literally means "three origins", referring to the division of the nerve into 3 branches).
		Sometimes, the cause of trigeminal neuralgia is a blood vessel or small tumor pressing on the nerve.
		Trigeminal neuralgia usually causes pain along the second and third nerve divisions (lower face and jaw), and rarely involves the first nerve division (temple and forehead).
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/001407.htm (1630 words)

	PAS-03-173: NEUROBIOLOGY OF PERSISTENT PAIN MEDIATED BY THE TRIGEMINAL NERVE
		Pain disorders mediated by the trigeminal nerve are often associated with severe and persistent pain of deep tissues, which may be of neuronal, muscular, joint, or vascular origin.
		Nociceptive processing by the trigeminal complex differs from that by the spinal system serving the trunk and extremities: Specialized structures of the head are innervated by unique fiber contributions and nociceptive afferents are uniquely distributed and connected within the trigeminal spinal nucleus.
		Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by intense pain arising from abnormal processing of signals from one or more of the peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve.
	grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/pa-files/PAS-03-173.html (3583 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia - Microvascular Decompression - MEDSTUDENTS - Neurosurgery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		He observed the almost universal occurrence of vascular channels compressing the trigeminal nerve in patients with TN and devised a technique for nondestructive microvascular decompression of the nerve.
		At the operation, the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve was examined for vascular cross-compression in 21 patients.
		The Trigeminal reflex (corneal reflex, blink reflex, masseter inhibitory periods, jaw-jerk) have abnormalities (4).The corneal reflex may be decreased, especially in neuralgia of first division trigeminal nerve, and it may be decreased in only part of the cornea, especially the upper half.
	www.medstudents.com.br /neuroc/neuroc2.htm (1743 words)

	Trigeminal neuralgia - MayoClinic.com
		The condition is called trigeminal neuralgia because the painful facial areas are those served by one or more of the three branches of your trigeminal nerve.
		The pain of trigeminal neuralgia is due to a disturbance in the function of the trigeminal nerve.
		The cause of the pain usually is due to contact between a normal artery or vein and the trigeminal nerve at the base of your brain.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/trigeminal-neuralgia/DS00446/DSECTION=3 (420 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN), or "Tic Douloureux" is characterized by intermittent, shooting pain in the face.
		The most common cause of Trigeminal Neuralgia is an enlarged looping artery or vein pressing on the Trigeminal nerve at the base of the brain.
		The trigeminal nerve is easily visualized in the axial plane when the MRI series is centered at the midpoint of the fourth ventricle.
	www.neurosurgery.ucsd.edu /cnd/trigeminal_neuralgia.htm (1043 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia: Cranial Nerve Disorders: Merck Manual Home Edition
		Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) is pain due to malfunction of cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve), which carries sensory information from the face to the brain and controls the muscles involved in chewing.
		A common known cause is an abnormally positioned artery that compresses the trigeminal nerve near where it exits the brain.
		However, doctors must distinguish trigeminal neuralgia from other possible causes of facial pain, such as disorders of the jaw, teeth, or sinuses and trigeminal neuropathy (which is often due to compression of the trigeminal nerve by a tumor or an aneurysm).
	www.merck.com /mmhe/sec06/ch096/ch096d.html (558 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia, Nerve Disorders, THE MERCK MANUAL OF HEALTH & AGING
		Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) is an intense, stabbing pain in the face.
		The pain results from a problem with the nerve that connects parts of the face to the brain (the 5th cranial nerve, or trigeminal nerve).
		Rarely, trigeminal neuralgia results from pressure due to a tumor or develops after an episode of shingles that affects the trigeminal nerve.
	www.merck.com /pubs/mmanual_ha/sec3/ch29/ch29b.html (608 words)

	Diagrams of the Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)
		Trigeminal Nerve in the Face - TOP: Sensory innervation of the orbit by the first division of the Trigeminal nerve (yellow) or opthalmic nerve, also showing the Gasserian ganglion of the Trigeminal nerve, the optic chiasm, and the beginnings of the other divisions of the Trigeminal nerve branching from the Gasserian ganglion.
		The Trigeminal nerve is a large and complex nerve that is almost entirely sensory and reaches to almost all parts of the face.
		The Trigeminal nerve has a small motor part, the masticator muscle, which innervates muscles closely involved with mastication, such as the buccinator, masseter, and myohyoid.
	face-and-emotion.com /dataface/anatomy/trigeminal.jsp (225 words)

	Trigeminal nerve definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Trigeminal nerve: The trigeminal nerve functions both as the chief nerve of sensation for the face and the motor nerve controlling the muscles of mastication (chewing).
		The trigeminal nerve is the fifth cranial nerve.
		The cranial nerves, the trigeminal nerve included, emerge from or enter the skull (the cranium), as opposed to the spinal nerves which emerge from the vertebral column.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7608 (308 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia Surgery: Dr. Jho's Endoscopic Microvascular Decompression Surgery, Cranial Nerve Surgery
		Intraoperative photographs show an arterial loop compressing the 5th cranial nerve (A; TN = trigeminal nerve), separation of the artery from the nerve (B), and placement of Teflon sponge (T) between the artery and the nerve (C).
		It was observed that most cases of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia were caused by blood vessel compression at the trigeminal nerve root inside the head (neurovascular compression).
		Immediate surgical results of trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm are extremely satisfactory, with excellent outcomes in approximately 90 percent of the patients.
	drjho.com /id68.htm (723 words)

	[No title]
		Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), or tic douloureux, is a painful unilateral affliction of the face characterized by severe, brief electric, shock-like or lancinating pains limited to the distribution of one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve.
		Dental disorders (pulpitis, dental fractures, dentures), trigeminal neuropathy (trigeminal neuropathy is characterized by a sensory abnormality in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve.
		The concept behind the microvascular decompression is a pulsatile compression of the trigeminal nerve or its roots in the posterior fossa.
	www.pain.com /sections/professional/cme_article/printpage.cfm?id=239 (2918 words)

	AAMC: Center for Facial Pain: treatment for trigeminal neuralgia
		Trigeminal neuralgia results from damage to the trigeminal nerve, the largest nerve of the head and face.
		Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a condition characterized by episodes of sudden, stabbing pain on one side of the jaw or cheek.
		TN is a disorder of the trigeminal nerve, one of the largest nerves in the head, which sends impulses to the brain from the face, jaw, forehead, and around the eyes.
	www.aahs.org /services/facialpain.php (380 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia
		Trigeminal neuralgia is a facial pain syndrome consisting of sharp, lancinating pain in the face.
		Trigeminal neuralgia is usually caused by compression of the sensory (trigeminal) nerve within the skull by a small artery or vein at the point where the nerve joins the brain stem.
		Using a brief, intravenous anesthetic a needle is introduced into the nerve in the base of the skull and a small amount of glycerol injected.
	www.sd-neurosurgeon.com /diseases/tn.html (660 words)

	Trigeminal Neuralgia (Facial Nerve Pain) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		People with trigeminal neuralgia become plagued by intermittent severe pain that interferes with common daily activities such as eating and sleep.
		There are 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve: the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular.
		The pain of trigeminal neuralgia occurs almost exclusively in the maxillary and mandibular divisions.
	www.emedicine.com /AAEM/topic462.htm (365 words)

	Trigeminal nerve: anatomy and pathology -- Woolfall and Coulthard 74 (881): 458 -- The British Journal of Radiology
		Trigeminal nerve: anatomy and pathology -- Woolfall and Coulthard 74 (881): 458 -- The British Journal of Radiology
		The trigeminal nerve is the largest of the cranial nerves.
		Vascular compression is the cause of trigeminal neuralgia in many patients with symptoms unresponsive to medical treatment, but it is important to remember that small vessels may also be found in the vicinity of the trigeminal nerve in up to 27% of normal subjects [8].
	bjr.birjournals.org /cgi/content/full/74/881/458 (2051 words)

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