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	trilateration - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Trilateration is a method of determining the relative positions of objects using the geometry of triangles in a similar fashion as triangulation.
		2-D trilateration is a clever way of figuring out where you are relative to other landmarks.
		3-D trilateration is the ingenious method satellites use to calculate GPS locations.
	encarta.msn.com /trilateration.html (133 words)

	Trilateration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Trilateration is a method of determining the relative positions of objects using the geometry of triangles in a similar fashion as triangulation.
		To accurately and uniquely determine the relative location of a point on a 2D plane using trilateration alone, generally at least 3 reference points are needed.
		Trilateration should not be confused with multilateration or hyperbolic positioning, which use measurements of time difference of arrival, rather than time of arrival, to estimate location using the intersection of hyperboloids.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trilateration (822 words)

	Talk:Trilateration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It would be trilateration if we already knew the exact time; but that's one of the things we are solving for.
		For instance, if my classical trilateration system measures three distances, d1, d2, d3 to computer the location by the intersection of three circles, I could equally well solve the problem by taking (d2-d1) and (d2-d3) and solving for the intersection of the two resulting hyperbolae.
		Within the "Definition" section we could state that the most common usage of trilateration is in the context of TOA measurements, and the most common usage of multilateration is in the context of TDOA measurements.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Trilateration (1817 words)

	Read about Trilateration at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Trilateration and learn about Trilateration here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Trilateration is a method of determining the relative position of objects using the
		angle measurements (together with at least one known distance) to calculate the subject's location, trilateration uses the known locations of two or more reference points, and the measured distance between the subject and each reference point.
		Hyperbolic positioning systems such as DECCA use a variant of trilateration: what is being measured is the difference in distance from the subject to two synchronized reference stations (called master and slave), placing the subject (using an unsynchronized clock) on a hyperbolic curve on a nautical chart.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Trilateration (670 words)

	Encyclopedia: Trilateration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		A GPS receiver's job is to locate four or more of these satellites, figure out the distance to each, and use this information to deduce its own location.
		Trilateration in three-dimensional space can be a little tricky, so we'll start with an explanation of simple two-dimensional trilateration.
		Trilateration is most commonly used in GPS applications, where the distances from satellite transmitters (the reference points) are measured by a receiver (the subject point).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Trilateration (1261 words)

	Trilateration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Trilateration is a method of determining the relative position of objects using the geometry of triangles ina similar fashion as triangulation.
		Unlike triangulation, which uses bothdistances and angles to calculate the subject's location, trilateration uses the known distances between two or more referencepoints, and the measured distance between the subject and each reference point.
		Trilateration is most commonly used in GPS applications, where the distances fromsatellite transmitters (the reference points) are measured by a receiver (the subject point).
	www.therfcc.org /RFCC/trilateration-376733.html (278 words)

	Introduction
		Approximately 25 years ago, trilateration measurements were initiated by the USGS (United States Geological Survey) to monitor active faults in the United States.
		Trilateration measurements (previously the backbone of measurements across plate boundaries in the western United States and Alaska) have been abandoned.
		Trilateration, SLR, and VLBI were sufficiently expensive and complicated that for the most part government agencies collected the measurements.
	www.agu.org /revgeophys/larson01/node1.html (570 words)

	Crustal Deformation Across and Beyond the Los Angeles Basin from Geodetic Measurements
		Trilateration surveys are designed for horizontal control purposes and lack the capacity to measure vertical deformation.
		The trilateration data can resolve the and size changes but not the orientation change of the network, and they cannot by themselves tie coordinates to a global reference frame.
		In this study the GPS and the trilateration networks share some common stations or have stations close to each other geographically, so that their velocities can be tied together.
	scec.ess.ucla.edu /~zshen/labs/labs.html (11679 words)

	David Potter UCLA Geophysics Ph. D. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Trilateration (synonymous with EDM, electronic distance measurement), a method first used in 1959, measures precise distances between intervisible stations.
		In trilateration, light pulses of a specified frequency are transmitted to a mirror and reflected back.
		The trilateration data considered here were collected from 1959-1991 by the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the California Division of Mines and Geology (CDMG) and several other agencies.
	scec.ess.ucla.edu /~dpotter/thesis/section2.2.html (325 words)

	trilateration -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		By constructing a series of triangles adjacent to one another, a surveyor can obtain other distances and angles that would not otherwise be measurable.
		Formerly, trilateration was little used in comparison to...
		Most surveying frameworks are erected by measuring the angles and the lengths of the sides of a chain of triangles connecting the points fixed by global positioning.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9073380 (388 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Key words: Azimuth, latitude, longitude, triangulation, base line, trilateration, barometric metod, geometric method, 1.Introduction The dictionary defines the verb survey as the determination of the form, extent, position, etc., by taking linear and angular measurements, and by applying the principles of geometry and trigonometry.
		Four traditional surveying techniques (1) astronomic positioning, (2) triangulation, (3) trilateration, (4) traverse, (5) vertical positioning are in general use for determining the exact position of points on the earth’s surface.
		Trilateration Electronic distance measuring systems have been applied to perform geodetic surveys by a technique known as trilateration.
	www.geof.hr /~tlerotic/Dijana (1825 words)

	Pseudorange - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The reason we speak of pseudo-ranges rather than ranges, is precisely this "contamination" with unknown receiver clock offset.
		GPS positioning is sometimes referred to as trilateration, but would be more accurately referred to as pseudo-trilateration.
		Following the laws of error propagation, neither the receiver position nor the clock offset are computed exactly, but rather estimated through a least squares adjustment procedure known from geodesy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pseudorange (268 words)

	The Ethics of GPS Technology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		This location is determined by using trilateration between at least three, and preferably four satellites overhead.
		Trilateration is a little tricky to explain in 3-dimensional space, but in 2 dimensional space, the concept is easier to grasp.
		Trilateration in 3 dimensional space is very similar in concept, except you are dealing with spheres instead of circles.
	cseserv.engr.scu.edu /StudentWebPages/AKhan/AKhan_ResearchPaper.htm (3692 words)

	CVO Website - Iwatsubo and Swanson, 1992, Trilateration and Distance-Measuring Techniques Used at Cascades and Other ...
		From 1980 to 1989, scientists of the U.S.Geological Survey's Cascades Volcano Observatory established trilateration and distance-measuring networks on Mount Baker, Mount Rainier, and Mount St. Helens in Washington; Mount Hood, South Sister, Newberry, and Crater Lake in Oregon; Medicine Lake, Mount Shasta, Lassen Peak, and Mammoth Lakes in California; and Augustine Island in Alaska.
		Trilateration and distance-measuring networks have been established on 12 potentially active volcanoes in the Pacific Coast States beginning in 1980.
		Little horizontal deformation monitoring had been attempted on stratovolcanoes with the exception of Usu volcano, Japan, where up to 160 meters of movement was observed using trilateration techniques to monitor cyrptodomes forming in the summit area in 1977-78 (Yokoyama and others, 1981).
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /Monitoring/Bulletin1966/Chapter10/techniques_other_volcanoes.html (4850 words)

	Howstuffworks "How GPS Receivers Work"
		A GPS receiver's job is to locate four or more of these satellites, figure out the distance to each, and use this information to deduce its own location.
		This operation is based on a simple mathematical principle called trilateration.
		Trilateration in three-dimensional space can be a little tricky, so we'll start with an explanation of simple two-dimensional trilateration.
	www.howstuffworks.com /gps.htm (360 words)

	[No title]
		Answer: The position of a GPS receiver is found by trilateration, which is one of the simplest and most accurate methods of locating an unknown position.
		In trilateration, the distance of the unknown point from three known points is measured.
		The intersection, the distance of the arcs corresponding to three distances defines the unknown point relative to the known points, since three measurements can be used to solve three equations to five the latitude and longitude, and elevation of the receiver.
	filebox.vt.edu /r/ryang/HW3-CommDesign2.doc (1165 words)

	David Potter UCLA Geophysics Ph. D. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The purpose of inverting the trilateration data in the same manner, using the same geostatistical parameters as the GPS data is to obtain a deformation rate field from an earlier epoch.
		The data resolution plot (Figure 5.9) shows that the trilateration data are quite well spatially resolved with a mean value of 0.90 for each data point, so the observational errors only account for an average of 10% of the total variance.
		The blue lines were part of the initial data set (Ge, 1997), but were removed for this inversion because their rates were modeled using constant rates before and after the earthquakes plotted (Figure 2.3), with an arbitrary jump at the time of the event for coseismic motions.
	minotaur.ess.ucla.edu /~dpotter/thesis/section5.2.html (427 words)

	GPS Basic Information for Educators
		Trilateration (the measurement of distance and location) is used to pinpoint our location.
		Distance is calculated by multiplying the speed of light (186,000 miles per second) by the lapsed time required for a GPS signal to arrive from a satellite.
		In GPS trilateration, the fixed positions are instead satellites orbiting the earth with distance determined by the GPS signal travel time to a location on the surface of the earth.
	www.gps4educators.com /gps101.htm (2324 words)

	GPS - The Heart
		Since the Global Positioning System (GPS) is at the heart of several of the location based services we explored, a brief explanation of the technology and how it works is warranted.
		In order to understand how the GPS satellite system works, it is helpful to understand the concept of trilateration.
		Trilateration is a basic geometric principle that allows you to find one location if you know its distance from other, already known locations.
	www.emory.edu /BUSINESS/et/552fall2002/locationdevices/gps.htm (1168 words)

	Salton Trough regional deformation estimated from combined trilateration and survey-mode GPS data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		First, Johnson (1993) used extremal methods to invert trilateration data spanning the Elsinore, San Jacinto, and San Andreas faults for self-consistent bounds on slip rates along those faults and showed that the SJF and SAF slip rate bounds were 7-25 and 11-23 mm/yr, respectively, allowing a faster SJF slip rate.
		We have combined trilateration and survey-mode GPS observations of a 17-station network in the Salton Trough to study deformation of that region.
		Note that SD91 is a reset of the trilateration mark Bluff RM 1; we use BLUF as the ID for both the trilateration and GPS stations (see Appendix A).
	pasadena.wr.usgs.gov /office/ganderson/research/salton/salton_bssa.html (5558 words)

	Real-World Applications of COLUMBUS Network Adjustment Software: Triangulation, Trilateration and Resection in 2D and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Trilateration: Determining a 2D coordinate position for an unknown station by measuring distances from known stations.
		For example, if you are using trilateration you would need a measured distance from at least two known stations, plus an orientation for one of those measured lines.
		Or, you could provide a measured distance from at least three known stations, so long as the known stations are not in a straight line (causing two unique solutions.) There are similar minimum requirements for triangulation and resection.
	www.bestfit.com /prac_triangulation.shtml (402 words)

	Trilateration Method, frame version (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Trilateration is similar to the navigational and surveying technique of triangulation.
		However, triangulation uses measurements of both distances and angles, whereas trilateration uses only distance measurements.
		A simple example of trilateration is the location of a point in two dimensions relative to a coordinate system.
	www.tetraprecision.com /trilatef.htm (299 words)

	SCO Web: Horizontal Geodetic Control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Trilateration uses a similar network of triangles, but distances between stations rather than angles are measured.
		Like triangulation, trilateration also requires inter-visibility of survey points.
		Sometimes trilateration was combined with triangulation as a means of checking or strengthening a control network.
	feature.geography.wisc.edu /sco/surveying/horizontal.php (358 words)

	How GPS works: Position Determination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		If data from other satellites are taken into account, the present position can be calculated by trilateration (meaning the determination of a distance from three points).
		This means that at least three satellites are required to determine the position of the GPS receiver on the earth surface.
		Positions outside this area are discarded, so is point B. This assumption replaces the third satellite which would in theory be required for the process of trilateration.
	www.kowoma.de /en/gps/positioning.htm (1379 words)

	Trilateration Adjustment by Finite Elements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The finite element method is used in adjusting trilateration nets.
		The principle is to consider the trilateration net with distances and points as a structural framework with members and nodes.
		The framework must be supported for structural stability according to the nature of the problem.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?5015812 (189 words)

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