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Topic: Triode

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Vacuum tube

6SN7

Valve amplifier

Tetrode

Diode

RCA

1948

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	Triode Summary
		A triode is an electrical circuit component that uses a small voltage to control a relatively large flow of current.
		A triode is a type of vacuum tube (or valve in British English) with three elements: the filament or cathode, the grid, and the plate or anode.
		Triodes are largely obsolete, having been replaced by the transistor, but do still find application where power consumption and overall size are not concerns, but low component count and high power capacity are.
	www.bookrags.com /Triode (813 words)

	The Triode - Electron Tubes
		De Forest's Audion tube came to be known as the triode tube, because it had three elements: filament, grid, and plate (just as the "di" in the name diode refers to two elements, filament and plate).
		Thus, the triode functions as an amplifier of the incoming AC signal (taking high-voltage, high-current DC power supplied from the large DC source on the right and "throttling" it by means of the tube's controlled conductivity).
		In the triode, the amount of current from cathode to plate (the "controlled" current is a function both of grid-to-cathode voltage (the controlling signal) and the plate-to-cathode voltage (the electromotive force available to push electrons through the vacuum).
	www.opamp-electronics.com /tutorials/the_triode_3_13_03.htm (776 words)

	CMOS transconductance circuit with triode mode input - Patent 4656436
		The outputs of the triode mode MOSFET pair are fed to a cascode transistor (18,20; 34,36) for treatment as a differential signal.
		The triode mode for an MOS device is that mode of operation which results when there is a drain-source voltage which is lower than the amount by which the gate-to-source voltage exceeds the threshold voltage.
		Because the input transistors 16, 22, 32, and 38 are operating in the triode mode, the differential response of the circuit 14 to the input signal is highly linear.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4656436.html (3109 words)

	Homemade Vacuum Tube Triode.
		This homemade triode seems to be able to operate in two different modes.
		When conducting through filament emission, it tends to behave like a normal amplifying triode where the plate current is controlled by a voltage applied to the grid.
		Because the tungsten filament is running much hotter (near or at full incandescence), than a normal vacuum triode thoriated filament, the heat or brightness (Iam not sure which), brings the residual air close to ionization.
	home.earthlink.net /~lenyr/hm-triode.htm (775 words)

	SE84B Zen Triode from High Fidelity Engineering, budget single-ended amplifier - home listening test
		The quality of the Zen Triode is also very revealing when it comes to recorded media: the quality of recordings being played is very much an issue.
		The greatest drawback of the Zen Triode is that it simply doesn't have the power to drive most common speakers.
		The second is to use it as a monobloc with a second Zen Triode to power the second channel.
	www.tnt-audio.com /ampli/zentriode_e.html (2779 words)

	Tetrode vs. Triode
		The VTL range of power amplifiers offer a unique feature that makes them even more flexible: On-the-spot switching between tetrode and triode modes of operation that is easy to reach and user switchable.
		At lower volume levels, and with efficient speakers, the sound of the triode mode offers a level of delicacy, liquidity, and sweetness to vocals, chamber and jazz instrumental quartets and solo instruments with 3-D imaging in the mid-range that will get you even closer to the real event.
		A changeover switch is provided on the back of the VTL amplifiers to make changing between the two modes a breeze - just power down the amplifiers, flip the switch to the desired mode, and power the amplifiers up again.
	www.vtl.com /pages/tetrode_vs_triode.html (161 words)

	AudiogoN Forums: Triode vs. Pentode
		Triode should be a more beautiful, open, clear, and detailed...
		Thus, a push-pull circuit operating in triode mode gets a double benefit on the distortion front: triode generates mostly low- and even-order harmonic artifacts, which the output stage architecture then tends to cancel out, leaving both less residue, and less objectionable residue.
		As the volume gets turned up though, triode may tend to suffer more audible compression and loss of control, although only because of the lower power available (unless maybe you have one of the monster triode amps and/or easy-to-drive speakers), and not because of any inherent shortcoming about the mode per se.
	forum.audiogon.com /cgi-bin/fr.pl?aamps&1099871837&openflup&16&4 (1527 words)

	Tubes
		In the case of triode operation of pentodes and beam power tubes, Grid #3 or the electron beam shield respectively, are still usually connected to the cathode or filament, as is the case for normal tetrode or pentode connection.
		The function of the Plate in a triode connected multi-grid tube is merely to collect all the electrons that have been attracted by the Screen-Grid acting as an ANODE which, because of its open structure, will collect relatively few electrons - which probably accounts for the increased allowable screen voltage when so connected.
		NOTE: Triode operation of tetrodes, pentodes and beam power tubes produces substantially less power output than when used in their design configuration - ie for any given Plate voltage, the power output from a triode will be substantially less than that for a tetrode, pentode or beam power tube.
	www.webace.com.au /~electron/tubes/triode.htm (2131 words)

	Triode Connected Pentodes/BTs
		- connect the other end of the ten ohm resistor to the plate of the tube to be "triode connected" and the ferrite end of the assembly to the screen, and there you have it.
		4 - In "triode connected" pet/tets, this issue is typically "addressed" by the insertion of 100 to 1K ohms in series with the screen.
		While this will reduce the screen's voltage wrt to the plate and with that, the screen's current and consequent requirement for dissipation, it is far from an ideal fix.
	ken-gilbert.com /techstuff/triode_connected_pentodesbts.html (826 words)

	Triode Spirit
		Of course, that new possibility doesn't affect the legendary musicality of the Triode Spirits that is still at the best level of the excellence : Respect of harmonic richness of the Triode tube, total absence of hum and noise thanks to its regulated power supply.
		Those triodes being tyrannical with the technicians who are faced in designing an amplifier.
		When the amplifiers of the "Triode Spirit" series were proposed for sale there was only one finish quality called "STandard" and consisted of a chassis covered by a a lacquered paint loaded with bronze powder.
	www.jcverdier.com /ADSL/triodesp.htm (1754 words)

	UL40-S2-Mod
		In the Triode mode the sound quality was better, but the output power went down to a mere 15 Watt, which was too little in my applications.
		The major difference between Triode and Super-Triode circuitry is that the Triode only uses one control grid, while the Super-Triode uses a control grid and a screen grid connected to the Ultra-Linear taps on the primary of the output transformer.
		Their slope is a little less steep as compared to triode, but much steeper as compared to pentode, resulting in a reasonable amount (although less as compared to triode) of damping of the loudspeaker.
	www.mennovanderveen.nl /eng/ul40-mod.html (2661 words)

	European Triode Festival - Welcome at the European Triode Festival (ETF) pages!
		European Triode Festival - Welcome at the European Triode Festival (ETF) pages!
		An overview of who will attend ETF2007 can be found here (sign-in or sign-up first)
		This year the eighth (!) European Triode Festival will again be held in
	www.triodefestival.net (93 words)

	Stereophile: VTL Tiny Triode monoblock power amplifier
		Again, the cute little Tiny Triode is having to work hard in the bass, with THD reaching –44.7dB, or 0.6%.
		Fig.6 VTL Tiny Triode, HF intermodulation spectrum, DC–30kHz, 19+20kHz at 30V peak–peak into 8 ohms (linear frequency scale).
		Looking at these measurements in total, the Tiny Triode does surprisingly well, compromised only by its restricted output power and the high levels of distortion in the low bass, the sonic consequences of which were well-described by Corey.
	www.stereophile.com /tubepoweramps/491vtl/index3.html (726 words)

	diyAudio Forums - Triode strapped tetrode
		In triode, Cg1-p is more visible (but still relatively small), but the real problem is that the capacitance the driver sees is multiplied by the effective amplification factor.
		The maximum voltage swing from the driver probably wouldn't be any greater in triode mode than in UL mode, for the same plate voltage and idle cathode current.
		Converting from UL to triode will result in pretty much the same bias and drive voltage requirements, as will conversion from pentode to triode, if the G2 voltage is the same as the plate voltage.
	www.diyaudio.com /forums/showthread.php?goto=newpost&threadid=101400 (558 words)

	PSW Recording Forums: Oliver Archut => Triode vs. pentode preamps
		You raised a curiosity of mine concerning the triode vs. pentode as an ideal amplifier.
		There are some great german SQ gold-pin triodes that have no comparison to the small receiving tubes such as 12ax7 etc. and I was under the impression that when high-gain was not an issue they would work better as they are lower in distortion usually, although they have a different sonic footprint.
		The V41 as well as other V and U series pre amps, the triode connection is due to the tube limitation, only EF12 and 14 were issued by the "Reichs Rundfunk" so in order get rid of gain for an additional buffer stage, they choose the triode connection.
	recforums.prosoundweb.com /index.php/m/40587/0 (1244 words)

	Get more power with a boosted triode - 6/12/2003 - EDN (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Figures 1a, 1b, and 1c show the 6L6 connected as a pentode, a true triode, and a "boosted triode," respectively.
		In Spice simulations of three single-ended Class A audio amplifiers using MicroCap-7 evaluation software (www.spectrum-soft.com), the control-grid bias for a quiescent plate current is 75 mA, and the ac grid signal is just short of amplifier clipping.
		The transformer ratios provide a plate-load impedance of 5 kΩ for the pentode and 3 kΩ for both the triode and the boosted triode.
	www.edn.com /article/CA302240.html (722 words)

	A little history and theory
		The triode descends from the tube diode (tube rectifier) and as a consequence it shares several features with the diode.
		In addition, it offers some resistance to the flow of that current, which means that like the tube diode, the more current flowing through it, the greater the voltage drop across it.
		The poor relation, the diode, lacks this feature, as the only way to control the flow current through the vacuum diode--other than to reverse the polarity of the applied voltage--is to vary the voltage between its plate and cathode.
	www.tubecad.com /articles_2003/Grounded_Cathode_Amplifier/index.html (477 words)

	813 SE triode amps
		This is a single-ended triode amp that I built using the 813 transmitting pentode, connected as a triode.
		The output stage is an 813 tube, connected as a triode.
		He has posted info on the 813 triode push-pull amps that he's built, as well as the triode mode curves for the 813.
	www.pmillett.com /813_se_triode_amps.htm (2748 words)

	Vacuum Triodes
		There are three elements in a triode, the cathode, grid, and plate or anode.
		Modern triodes are usually cylindrical in construction with the filament or heater/cathode at the center, the grid surrounding it and the plate surrounding all as shown in Figure 1 below.
		A triode tube is to be used as a single ended low power amplifier.
	www.angelfire.com /electronic/funwithtubes/Basics_04_Triodes.html (2024 words)

	Triode Corporation Ltd - About Us
		Triode Corporation Ltd - About Us Triode Corporation Ltd was established 12 years ago in Koshigaya-shi, Saitama, Japan.
		Junichi Yamazaki was a former engineer of Japan National railway who loves music and likes to tinker old stereo to produce better sound.
		Triode Corporation is also focused on the reduction of cost to manufacture in order to maintain the price of TRI products affordable to every audiophile.
	www.triode.co.jp /en/contents/main/about.htm (205 words)

	Additional information
		The triode was developed two years after Sir Alexander Fleming described a Diode as an Oscillation Valve.
		In 1906 Lee DeForest added a third electrode into the valve between the filament and the plate, this was shaped like a grid iron and he called the electrode the grid.
		If the relationship between the variation in grid voltage and the change in anode current is plotted graphically, the resultant graph is known as a characteristic curve.
	www.r-type.org /static/grid01.htm (893 words)

	Matched Sections Service
		Tubes are manufactured to be within certain tolerance ranges according to a specification but like all electrical devices there are variances from tube to tube and section to section.
		By using "Matched Sections" tubes the two triode sections inside every pre-amp tube will be identical to each other and also, each triode section will also match every other triode section in other tubes of the same type.
		You are guaranteed that every triode section of every tube will match the spec for its type.
	www.thetubestore.com /triodematching.html (685 words)

	416 Triode Phono
		The shunt regulators are of the active type, using a triode shunt element control by a triode error amplifier.
		That is; the shunt triode is connected directly across the B+ to ground, with no other devices at-all in the shunt path.
		One of the characteristics of high mu triodes is the tendency to develop 'contact potential' in between the grid and cathode which will self bias the tube if the anode current is limited by a largish load resistance.
	www.triodeguy.com /416b_phono_stage.htm (1871 words)

	triode - OneLook Dictionary Search
		triode : Encarta® World English Dictionary, North American Edition [home, info]
		triode : Compact Oxford English Dictionary [home, info]
		triode : Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=triode&ls=a (185 words)

	TRIODE GUILD® T-SHIRTS AMPLIFIERS
		After you wear your Triode Guild® T-shirt, for the first time, you will immediately notice how liberated you feel…and know why you are dancing naked in your living room.
		On the other hand, by wearing a Triode Guild® T-shirt, you are going to have to use a cattle prod to keep women off your bones…and for good reason: When you amplify your spirit, fertile women can feel your beautiful vibe…one mile away.
		Your wife may be giving you grief about all of the music totems you are using, because it is not easy for today's women, who are disconnected from her primal spiritual roots to understand the ancient ecstatic impulse in men.
	www.meta-gizmo.com /tri/Ts/TGtshirts.html (2884 words)

	diyAudio Forums - EL34 Triode Mode - G3 where?
		When wiring pentodes in triode mode, the rule of thumb is to connect g2 to a, preferably thru 200 ohms - 1k ohms resistor (grid stopper to prevent oscillation).
		Further on this topic, I recall having seen some true triode EL34s being manufactured without the g2 and g3 material, in order not to interfere with the flow of electrons.
		If you do not, it will still work as pseudo triode, but you would loose the possibility to make it as triodelike as possible.
	www.diyaudio.com /forums/showthread.php?s=&threadid=67422 (942 words)

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