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Topic: Tripeptide

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	United States Patent Application: 0040091964 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The modified ABC transporter of the invention comprises the amino acid sequence of a native apically targeted ABC transporter, in particular cMOAT, MDR3 or MRP4, wherein the terminal tripeptide T-K-F motif of said native ABC transporter is mutated.
		The modified ABC transporter polypeptide of claim 1, wherein the lysine at the second position of the tripeptide T-K-F motif is substituted with a different amino acid residue.
		The modified ABC transporter polypeptide of claim 6, wherein the three amino acid residues of the tripeptide T-K-F motif are substituted respectively with alanine, proline and valine.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040091964".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040091964&RS=DN/20040091964 (14382 words)

	[No title]
		Although this tripeptide is most often seen in a loop conformation, glycine is known to be able to assume a wide range of torsion angles, suggesting that this tripeptide might be highly flexible.} \p{Similar alignments for the N- and C-terminal arms of \beta B2-crystallin from five different species are presented in \figref{2}{b,c}.
		Amino-terminal residues Q-11, T-10 and Q-9 beyond the flexible tripeptide are predicted to have a helical conformation.} \subsection{Results of limited proteolysis} \p{When recombinant mouse \beta A3- and \beta B2-crystallins are expressed in Sf9 cells they both are susceptible to truncation of the amino-terminal arms unless protease inhibitors are included during purification.
		The tripeptide usage and nearest-neighbor algorithms [13] predict a helical amino-terminal segment in the amino-terminal extension of \beta A3- and \beta B2-crystallins in most species, with the exception of the chicken (\figref{1}).
	www.molvis.org /molvis/v4/v4a9-sergeev.hsm (5300 words)

	Sergeev, Mol Vis 1998; 4:9.
		The most significant tripeptide occurrences were 32 hits for the REL- and 38 hits for the GSL-tripeptides in ßA3-crystallin, and 34 hits for the AGK-tripeptide in ßB2-crystallin (Table 1 and Table 2).
		Although this tripeptide is most often seen in a loop conformation, glycine is known to be able to assume a wide range of torsion angles, suggesting that this tripeptide might be highly flexible.
		The tripeptide usage and nearest-neighbor algorithms [13] predict a helical amino-terminal segment in the amino-terminal extension of ßA3- and ßB2-crystallins in most species, with the exception of the chicken (Figure 1).
	www.molvis.org /molvis/v4/A9 (5658 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Tripeptide A, which is another exemplary composition of this invention, may be prepared by different methods.
		Tripeptide A. This process is shown in Figure 5.
		In Tripeptide A, the Phe and Val a-protons appear at 5.38 and 4.62 ppm respectively, substantially downfield of the corresponding random coil values (4.66 and 3.95 ppm).
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=01/14412.010301&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (5226 words)

	INABIS'98 >Attenuation of Intestinal Endotoxemia in Rats by the Salivary Gland Tripeptide FEG and its d-Isomeric ...
		A detailed examination of the doses of LPS required to activate rat intestinal and mesenteric macrophages has not been done, but we have found that 2 mg/kg of LPS cause activation of interstitial and peritoneal macrophages, even though this dose is 5 to 10 times lower than those used by Eskandrai et al (1997).
		The present study extends the anti-inflammatory effect of the tripeptide FEG and its d-isomeric form feG, as observed in animal models of cardiovascular and intestinal anaphylaxis (Mathison et al, 1997b; 1998), into septic events associated with the peritoneum, mesentery and intestine.
		The tripeptides FEG and feG may be useful in preventing some of the untoward effects of bacterial endotoxins on gastrointestinal function.
	www.mcmaster.ca /inabis98/immunology/mathison0127/two.html (1188 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The plasma tripeptide glycyl-L-lysine (GHL), when added at nanomolar concentrations to a wide group of cultured systems, produces a disparate set of responses ranging from the stimulation of growth and differentiation to outright toxicity.
		Structure-function studies revealed that several tripeptides with a histidyl-lysyl linkage were nearly as active as GHL.
		The association of GHL with copper and a homology similarity between the tripeptide and the copper transport sites on albumin and alpha-fetoprotein, where the cupric atom is bound to a histidyl residue adjacent to a basic residue, suggested that GHL may act as a copper transport factor.
	www.env.duke.edu /other/jonf/pages/abst1.html (196 words)

	SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF GTL, ANALOGUE OF THE NATURAL TRIPEPTIDE GLYCYL-HISTIDYL-LYSINE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine (GHL) is present in the human plasma in concentration of about 200 ng/ml.
		It is involved in metal ion transport in the biological fluids and in copper uptake into the cells.
		In this context, the new tripeptide GTL (T = L-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinolin-3-carboxylic acid, Tic) has been synthesised; Tic is an amino acid, derived from condensation of L-phenylalanine with formaldehyde.
	fc.udg.es /~analitic/simec98/Remelli.html (278 words)

	Olympus FluoView Resource Center: The GFP Fluorophore - Interactive Java Tutorial
		The principle fluorophore (often termed a chromophore) is a tripeptide consisting of the residues serine, tyrosine, and glycine at positions 65-67 in the sequence.
		Oxygen atoms are colored red, nitrogen atoms blue, carbon atoms white, and the fl dashes at the peptide termini indicate continuation of the backbone beyond the portion illustrated.
		During and after fluorophore maturation, the final structure and its intermediate states are stabilized by multiple interactions, including van der Waals and electrostatic forces, as well as hydrogen bonds, with neighboring amino acid residues and water molecules that are not illustrated in the tutorial.
	www.olympusconfocal.com /java/gfpfluorophore (830 words)

	Methods (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The amino end and carboxyl end of each tripeptide was capped with an acetamide, and a methyl ester, respectively.
		Geometry optimizing semi-empirical PM3 calculations were performed on each tripeptide twice; first with constraints on the backbone heavy atoms and then again without the constraints.
		In each case, the calculations were performed with the central histidine as a neutral molecule and then again as a cation (See Scheme 1).
	www.ups.edu /faculty/hanson/c455.03/studentprojects/moretsky/methods.htm (126 words)

	Copy of snake venom protein becomes latest anti-aging ingredient (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The tripeptide is formed from three amino acids joined by a peptide bond which forms the protein.
		Furthermore it also claims that the tripeptide contained in the formulation has shown the ability to reduce forehead wrinkles by 52 per cent and crow's feet by 38 per cent in under one month.
		The skin care line combines the tripeptide protein with a number of peptides and focused derivatives, including Antarticine, APT, Argireline, MDI Complex, Aldenine, Pepha Tight, EUK 134 (an antioxidant) and a Hyaluronic Acid from Denmark that is biotechnologically produced without the involvement of Strepp bacteria.
	www.cosmeticsdesign.com /news/ng.asp?n=63777-euoko-snake-venom-anti-aging-tripeptide (633 words)

	Omission (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The applicability of omission libraries is demonstrated by a model experiment using a tripeptide amide library for competitive inhibition of binding of LH-RH to its polyclonal antibody.
		In addition, a full set (19) of omission tripeptide amide libraries, a tripeptide acid library (omission of the amide group) and a library omitting pyroglutamic acid was prepared.
		The data of the figure show that the full tripeptide amide library competes with the radioactively labeled LH-RH in binding to the antibody since raising the concentration of the library reduces the quantity of LH-RH bound to the antibody.
	szerves.chem.elte.hu /furka/Omission.html (941 words)

	Iteration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The principle of the iteration strategy was first described under the name of "back searching" in the document notarized in 1982 then it was published by Geysen et al.
		By going back to the first stage of the synthesis and coupling to the three unmixed samples the already identified “blue” then the “red” amino acid, and screening after the cleavages, the C-terminal amino acid can be identified (yellow).
		See the final sequence of active tripeptide at the bottom of the figure.
	szerves.chem.elte.hu /furka/Iteration.html (287 words)

	Specification of the Peroxisome Targeting Signals Type 1 and Type 2 of Plant Peroxisomes by Bioinformatics Analyses -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In proteins with the tripeptides AKL> and SKL> the positive net charge is less pronounced in the 3-mer preceeding the PTS1 but is spread over a longer peptide from position –4 to –12 (A and B).
		Proteins with M-containing PTS1 have an unusually low P content directly in front of the PTS1 tripeptide (position –4 to –9) but possess a high P content further upstream of the PTS1 tripeptide (position –10 to –18) and a pronounced positive net charge in front of the PTS1 (C and D).
		The proteins with the tripeptide SRI>, which are predominantly AGT homologs, do not carry a positive net charge in the targeting domain except for the R of the PTS1 tripeptide itself but possess about two P residues directly in front of the PTS1 (E and F).
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/135/2/783 (9231 words)

	FEBS Abstract
		In these compounds, the d-lysergic acid moiety is attached in amide-like fashion to tripeptide chains as in the ergopeptines or to a simple amino alcohol (alaninol) as in ergometrine.
		Previously we have isolated and characterized the non-ribosomal peptide synthetases LPS 1 and LPS 2, catalyzing assembly of the d-lysergic acid tripeptide backbone of ergopeptines.
		Enzymatic analysis revealed that assembly proceeds via d-lysergylmono-, di-, and tripeptide intermediates on the surface of LPS 1.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /febsabstracts2005/abstract.asp?id=41941 (275 words)

	Molecular Cloning, Sequence Analysis, and Heterologous Expression of the Phosphinothricin Tripeptide Biosynthetic Gene ...
		Molecular Cloning, Sequence Analysis, and Heterologous Expression of the Phosphinothricin Tripeptide Biosynthetic Gene Cluster from Streptomyces viridochromogenes DSM 40736 -- Blodgett et al.
		Model of phosphinothricin tripeptide biosynthesis, adapted from Thompson and Seto (50).
		The phosphinomethylmalate isomerase gene pmi, encoding an aconitase-like enzyme, is involved in the synthesis of phosphinothricin tripeptide in Streptomyces viridochromogenes.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/49/1/230 (5154 words)

	Growth-modulating plasma tripeptide may function by facilitating copper uptake into cells
		The plasma tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine (GHL), when added at nanomolar concentrations to a wide group of cultured systems, produces a disparate set of responses ranging from the stimulation of growth and differentiation to outright toxicity
		Such diverse actions imply that this tripeptide mediates some basic biochemical function common to many types of cells and organisms.
		Structure−function studies revealed that several tripeptides with a histidyl-lysyl linkage were nearly as active as GHL
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v288/n5792/abs/288715a0.html (449 words)

	Identification of MpaA, an Amidase in Escherichia coli That Hydrolyzes the {gamma}-D-Glutamyl-meso-Diaminopimelate Bond ...
		free tripeptide reenters the biosynthetic pathway for murein
		ENP1 and YcjI sequences are referred to as Q03415 and P51983 in the Swiss-Prot library.
		Accumulation of murein tripeptide in an mpl mpaA double mutant.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/185/2/679 (1704 words)

	Biophysical Journal: A tree-based algorithm for determining the effects of solvation on the structure of salivary gland ...
		A D-enantiomeric analog of the submandibular gland rat-1 tripeptide FEG (Seq: NH^sub 3^^sup +^-Phe-Glu-Gly-COO^sup -^) called feG (Seq: NH^sub 3^^sup +^-D-Phe-D-Glu-Gly-COO^sup -^) was examined by molecular dynamics simulations in water.
		Previous in vacuo simulations suggested a conformation consisting predominantly of interactions between the Phe side chain and glutamyl-carboxyl group and a carboxyl/amino termini interaction.
		In an attempt to understand peptide conformation and biological activity relationships we examined the behavior of numerous analogs of FEG with molecular dynamics simulations in vacuo (van der Spoel et al., 2001), the least costly of computational techniques (Metwally et al., 2002).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3938/is_200309/ai_n9288358 (1366 words)

	Nonrandom Tripeptide Sequence Distributions at Protein Carboxyl Termini -- Gatto and Berg 13 (4): 617 -- Genome Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The number of tripeptide sequences is plotted as a function of the number of times that that sequence occurs in the genome.
		The line indicates the genomic data, and the bars show the results from 1000 iterations of the jumbling procedure.
		tripeptide sequences from a given genome were analyzed to determine
	www.genome.org /cgi/content/full/13/4/617 (2949 words)

	2. The Ramachandran Plot
		The plot is similar to a topographical map, where energy, instead of altitude, is shown with the contours.
		These coordinates describe a tripeptide of three alanine residues connected by two peptide bonds.
		In preparation for examining the allowable torsion angles in a tripeptide, set psi for Ala2 to one of the following angles: 0, 60, 120, 180,-120 or -60 degrees.
	www.cgl.ucsf.edu /home/glasfeld/tutorial/AAA/AAA.html (1431 words)

	GIRG - Faculty, Dr. Ronald D. Mathison
		A peptide of particular interest is an analogue of SGP-T, the tripeptide FEG, which is a potent inhibitor of allergic reactions.
		Current studies focus around the FEG tripeptide with characterization of its profile of biological activity, identification of its mechanism of action, and characterization and localization of its receptors.
		Frontline: Inhibition of allergen-induced pulmonary inflammation by the tripeptide feG: a mimetic of a neuroendocrine pathway.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~girg/faculty/mathisonr.html (339 words)

	1203991 - Quiz - Answer 1 - Organic Chemistry 354 - December 3, 1999 - Dr. Sundin - UWP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Partial hydrolysis gave a complex mixture from which only five tripeptides (see below) were isolated in high enough yield and purity to be characterized.
		Answer: (Note: each bit of information is added to what is already known.) Since there are three Ala's and three Val's (the end groups) it might be best to start in the middle with an amino acid which is present in the smallest amount, Phe for instance.
		The Third tripeptide confirms linking the left segment and the middle segment.
	www.uwplatt.edu /~sundin/354-9/5412039b.htm (146 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In the above described embodiments of the invention, at least one single- chain antigen-binding polypeptide may have at least two tripeptide glycosylation sequences in tandem such that the Asn residues are separated by two amino acid residues and/or at least one set of two overlapping tripeptide glycosylation sequences such that the Asn residues are adjacent.
		The above described methods may be facilitated with the glycosylated polypeptide or multivalent protein of the invention, which is conjugated to polyalkylene oxide which may also be conjugated to one or plurality of peptide, lipid, nucleic acid, drug, toxin, chelator, boron addend or detectable label molecule (s).
		Proline residues flanking the tripeptide sequence in the +3 position are changed to alanines, as recommended by the compilation of Gavel, Y., and von Heijne, G., Protein Engng.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=98/49198.981105&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (8187 words)

	An orally bioavailable HIV-1 protease inhibitor containing an imidazole-derived peptide bond replacement: ...
		(2R,4S,5S,1'S)-2-Phenylmethyl-4-hydroxy-5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino-6-phenylhexanoyl-N-(1'-imidazo-2-yl)-2'-methylpropanamide (compound 2) is a tripeptide analogue inhibitor of HIV-1 protease in which a C-terminal imidazole substituent constitutes an isoelectronic, structural mimic of a carboxamide group.
		The sole substitution of the C-terminal carboxamide of a hydroxyethylene-containing tripeptide analogue with an imidazole group imparts greatly improved pharmacokinetic and oral bioavailability properties on the compound compared to its carboxamide-containing homologue (compound 1).
		While the oral bioavailability of compound 1 in rats was negligible, compound 2 displayed oral bioavailabilities of 30% and 14%, respectively, in rats and monkeys.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1995/jan/M9510810.html (434 words)

	Biosynthetic Gene Cluster of the Herbicide Phosphinothricin Tripeptide from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494 -- ...
		Biosynthetic Gene Cluster of the Herbicide Phosphinothricin Tripeptide from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu494 -- Schwartz et al.
		Biosynthetic Gene Cluster of the Herbicide Phosphinothricin Tripeptide from Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü494
		The tripeptide PTT is assembled nonribosomally by peptide synthetases.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/70/12/7093?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=biosynthesis&searchid=1104113620817_2450&stored_search=&FIRSTINDEX=0&volume=70&issue=12&journalcode=aem (4599 words)

	CLASS ASSIGNMENTS
		More than 150 bonded terms are needed in the all-atom energy function based on E- total for the alaine tripeptide.
		50 -150 bonded terms are needed in the united-atom energy function based on E- total for the alaine tripeptide.
		50 -150 bonded terms are needed in the united-atom energy function based on E- total for the ala-arg-ala tripeptide.
	web.utk.edu /~jdesai/GST3/assignment9.html (349 words)

	eMedicine - Immunotherapeutic Targeting : Article by Robert J Arceci, MD, PhD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This article begins with a brief review of the historical background of immunotherapy for cancer, then addresses the central scientific principles that serve as the basis for the development of immunotherapies and reviews clinical experience in pediatric oncology using each approach.
		Development of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) as a clinical approach to malignancy initially rested on the assumption that high doses of chemotherapy were necessary to eradicate relatively chemoresistant leukemia.
		The MAB is conjugated to a second toxic molecule to kill tumor cells (eg, radioconjugates, pseudomonal exotoxin, ricin).
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2728.htm (8538 words)

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