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Topic: Triple bond

	Covalent bond - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Pure covalent bonds (which has low melting points, are usually non-soluble, non-conductive, and tend to exist as individual molecules), and ionic bonds (which conversely have high melting points, are soluble, conductive, and generally tend to exist in a crystaline form) are on two opposite ends of the figurative spectrum, and have totally different properties.
		An example of a double bond is nitrous acid (between N and O), and an example of a triple bond is in hydrogen cyanide (between C and N).
		A single bond usually consists of one sigma bond, a double bond of one sigma and one pi bond, and a triple bond of one sigma and two pi bonds.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Covalent_bond (1240 words)

	Covalent bond -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Covalent bonds are more common between non-metals, whereas ionic bonding is more common between a (Any of several chemical elements that are usually shiny solids that conduct heat or electricity and can be formed into sheets etc.) metal atom and a non-metal atom.
		Their work was based on the valence bond model, which assumes that a chemical bond is formed when there is good overlap between the (additional info and facts about atomic orbitals) atomic orbitals of participating atoms.
		A special case is called a (additional info and facts about dative covalent bond) dative covalent bond, also known as a (additional info and facts about coordinate covalent bond) coordinate covalent bond, which occurs when one atom gives both of the electrons in the bond.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/co/covalent_bond.htm (946 words)

	Chemical bond - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A chemical bond is the phenomenon of atoms being held together in molecules, crystals or in solid metal.
		By contrast, in covalent bonding, the electron density within a bond is not assigned to individual atoms, but is instead delocalized in the MOs between atoms.
		The type of bond between two atoms is defined by how much the electron density is localized or delocalized among the atoms of the substance.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chemical_bond (594 words)

	Covalent bond - TheBestLinks.com - Triple bond, Atom, Atomic orbitals, Carbon, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Covalent bonding is a form of chemical bonding characterized by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons, by two atoms, in order to produce a mutual attraction; atoms tend to share electrons, so as to fill their outer electron shells.
		Covalent bonds are more common between non-metals, whereas ionic bonding is more common between two metal atoms or a metal and a non-metal atom.
		Bond length and bond dissociation energy are related inversely with bond order--the higher the order of the bond, the shorter and stronger the bond, for any given set of atoms.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Triple_bond.html (971 words)

	Alkynes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The carbon-carbon triple bond of the alkynes is formed in the same way as a double bond of the alkenes, by the elimination of atoms or groups from two adjacent carbons.
		As is the case with the double bond and a dihalide, the triple bond may be protected by conversion into a tetrahalide with subsequent regeneration of the triple bond by treatment with zinc.
		Thus, the hydrogen attached to the carbon-carbon triple bond in ethyne, or in any alkyne where the carbon-carbon triple bond is situated at the end of a carbon chain, is able to separate from the rest of the molecule as a hydrogen ion, so that the alkyne shows acidic properties.
	www.ucc.ie /ucc/depts/chem/dolchem/html/dict/alkynes.html (1641 words)

	GALLIUM 'TRIPLE BONDS' UNDER FIRE
		After a short discussion of bonding models in their report, Robinson and coworkers concluded that these features are "consistent" with an Fe-Ga triple bond.
		The Ga-Ga bond distance of 2.319Å is the shortest on record, according to the Georgia group.
		That is, a triple bond, particularly a weak one, is not necessarily shorter than a double bond.
	pubs.acs.org /hotartcl/cenear/980316/gal.html (2986 words)

	C&EN: SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - SULFUR'S TURN FOR MULTIPLE BONDS
		The arsenic and antimony salts of the sulfur iodide have sulfur-sulfur bond orders of 2.4 and 2.7, respectively, which are comparable to that of compounds containing a silicon-silicon triple bond (disilyne) reported by other groups last year.
		This is observed in the bond angles of the substituents on the central atoms, which range from the slightly trans bent disilyne to a near right angle for the diplumbyne.
		A gallium-gallium triple bond in a compound was reported in 1997 by chemistry professor Gregory H. Robinson's group at the University of Georgia.
	pubs.acs.org /email/cen/html032905134613.html (1506 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The species represented by a Lewis structure with two double bonds and one triple bond in a six-membered ring is called benzyne.
		The triple bond of benzyne is quite different from a normal triple bond because of the angle constraints imposed by the six-membered ring.
		While it is convenient to use a structure with a triple bond to represent benzyne, we must recognize that one bond of this triple bond is not a typical pi bond and is highly reactive.
	www.du.edu /~jhornbac/organic/benzyne.html (209 words)

	Models Tutorial -- Page 4
		Carbon-nitrogen double bonds are rarer in organic chemistry, and the fact that the nitrogen's valence is not filled means that a group may be bonded to nitrogen.
		Triple bonds are represented using the gray triple-bond pieces.
		Carbon-nitrogen triple bonds are also possible (such bonds are referred to as cyano or nitrile groups), but there is no distinct way to represent them with a "sticks-only" kit.
	www.bluffton.edu /~bergerd/Models/vision4.html (347 words)

	Double vs Single Bond Stability (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		If you will check the bond dissociation energies listed in your text, you will find that the C to C triple bond is stronger than the C to C double bond -- and it is in turn stronger than the C to C single bond.
		However, the triple bond represents a region of greater inter-atomic electron density than that of the double bond who's electron density is likewise greater than that of a single bond.
		The bond strengths in HC=-CH triple bond, H2C=CH2 double bond compared to a H3C-CH3 single bond (230 kcal/mol, 172 kcal/mol, 88 kcal/mol) is approximately in the ratio of 3~ 2~ 1.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem03/chem03155.htm (288 words)

	Alkyne Reactivity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		A carbon-carbon triple bond may be located at any unbranched site within a carbon chain or at the end of a chain, in which case it is called terminal.
		First, although there are more π-electrons associated with the triple bond, the sp-hybridized carbons exert a strong attraction for these π-electrons, which are consequently bound more tightly to the functional group than are the π-electrons of a double bond.
		The second factor is the stability of the carbocation intermediate generated by sigma-bonding of a proton or other electrophile to one of the triple bond carbon atoms.
	www.cem.msu.edu /~reusch/VirtualText/addyne1.htm (2981 words)

	Media Portfolio
		Unless in conflict with the double bond numbering, the alkyl group is numbered by counting from the end of the chain to the carbon on which the alkyl group is attached.
		Note that the multiple bond must be in the main chain, and the main chain numbering must result in the lowest number for the double or triple bond.
		Note that the multiple bond must be in the base chain, and the base chain numbering must result in the lowest number for the double or triple bond.
	wps.prenhall.com /wps/media/objects/476/488316/ch18.html (5183 words)

	ChemActivity13&14
		The double bond of structure 2 is harder to break than a single bond.
		The triple bond is harder to break than a double bond.
		The triple bond is stronger than the double bond.
	web.sau.edu /LeggMargaretJ/GC/ChemActivity13.htm (178 words)

	alkyne on Encyclopedia.com
		There are two butynes, 1-butyne and 2-butyne, which are structural isomers that differ in the location of the triple bond in their molecule.
		The alkynes are sometimes referred to as the acetylene series, the higher members of the series being named as derivatives of acetylene, e.g., propyne as methylacetylene, 1-butyne as ethylacetylene, and 2-butyne as dimethylacetylene.
		The usefulness of the alkynes in chemical synthesis is due both to the reactions of the triple bond itself and to the relative acidity of a hydrogen atom bonded to a triply bonded carbon.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/a1/alkyne.asp (356 words)

	ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I - CHAPTER 8 LECTURE OUTLINE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The triple bond has a total bond energy of approximately 200 kcal/mol and consists of two pi bonds and a sigma bond.
		The triple bond length is 1.20 Angstroms and the bond angle is 180 degrees.
		Triple bonds take priority over double bonds in naming, but not in numbering.
	www.sbuniv.edu /~ggray/CHE3304/ocp8outl.html (504 words)

	V.P.Ananikov, D.G.Musaev, and K.Morokuma, "Catalytic Triple Bond Activation and Vinyl-Vinyl Reductive Coupling by ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Recently a new catalytic alkynes conversion system has been developed [1-5] in which triple bond activation in acetylene and substituted alkynes is accompanied by new carbon-carbon bond formation and addition of iodine (Fig.1).
		In the original experimental work [3,5] the same triple bond activation scheme for the second alkyne molecule has been proposed as for the first one.
		However, direct triple bond activation does not take place in the present case and originally proposed mechanism is unacceptable.
	nmr1.ioc.ac.ru /Staff/AnanikovVP/ECCC7.1 (2104 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - triple bond
		When two atoms bond by sharing some of their outer electrons, the atoms create a covalent bond, forming a molecule.
		Bond (finance), interest-bearing certificate sold by corporations and governments to raise money for expansion or capital.
		Bond (law), an agreement to pay a specified sum of money under certain conditions.
	encarta.msn.com /triple+bond.html (129 words)

	Notes on Covalent Bonding
		One of the simplest bonds is between hydrogen and chlorine.
		Carbon atoms will always have 4 bonds, either as 4 separate single bonds, or a combination of single, double and/or triple bonds so that there are 4 pairs of electrons around each carbon atom in the molecule.
		Carbon atoms may single, double, or triple bond to each other, single or double bond to oxygen atoms, or single, double, or triple bond to nitrogen atoms.
	www.chem.vt.edu /RVGS/ACT/notes/Covalent_Bonding.html (591 words)

	Today we explored the structures of the alkenes and the alkanes and naming these two other groups of hydrocarbons.
		The bond between the two carbon atoms is a triple bond.
		But since the triple bond can only go in one place (between the first and second carbon atom), we can call this compound propyne and not worry about specifying the location of the triple bond.
		Number the parent chain, beginning at the end closest to the triple bond, the location of the triple bond is given by the lowest-numbered carbon sharing the triple bond.
	intro.chem.okstate.edu /1014/Lecture/Lec111699.html (587 words)

	Triple Bonds
		The triple bond is made up of one sigma bond and two pi bonds.
		As this happens, the p orbitals also overlap and form two pi bonds, which are shown as the lighter shaded areas.
		The other pi bond is shown to one side and back to the other side of the central sigma bond.
	dl.clackamas.cc.or.us /ch106-02/triple.htm (294 words)

	Alkenes and Alkynes Comments
		Likewise, a triple bond can be converted to a double bond by adding an atom of the reagent to each carbon atom of the triple bond.
		Also under controlled conditions, the addition can be partial, in that case a double bond remains and 1 bromine molecule will react, and each of the 2 bromine atoms becomes attached to each C that forms that double bond.
		These bonds are called unsaturated because you can break the double or triple bond by adding a functional group to one or both of the carbon atoms, by an addition reaction, thereby making all of the bonds to the carbon atoms single bonds.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem00/chem00260.htm (1102 words)

	Practice Questions/Chapter 7b/CHEM 110.001/002/101/Fall 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Triple bonds are made up of three separate pi-bonds.
		The bond angle characteristic of sp hybridization is 90
		The carbon atom with a triple bond uses one of its ______________ hybrid orbitals to make the sigma portion of the triple bond.
	www.towson.edu /~debye/chem110/110f99chapt7b.html (328 words)

	Ch9_Bonds.cw.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Bonds are formed by sharing electrons between neighboring nuclei; Recall that negative charges are attracted to positive charges.
		For two atoms bonded to each other, a difference in the electronegativity (page 327) of the two atoms causes an unequal sharing of the electrons in the bonds between the two atoms.
		Saved until Chapt 9.2 are trends in bond lengths and energies for single, double, and triple bonds.
	www.chem.lsu.edu /htdocs/people/lgbutler/1202_Fall96/WebInit/Ch9_Bonds.html (1033 words)

	Example 15 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The C-H stretching vibrations are all under 3000, indicating that there are no hydrogens on a carbon-carbon double bond or on a carbon-carbon triple bond - it is possible that the compound is a internal alkyne.
		The degree of unsaturation of 2 both hints at an alkyne, although the carbon-carbon triple bond stretch 2260-2100 is not seen.
		This does not rule out the compound being an alkyne, because the normally weak carbon-carbon triple bond stretch is not observed in a symmetrically substituted alkynes.
	orgchem.colorado.edu /hndbksupport/specttutor/ex15.html (208 words)

	chap8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Bonding is the "glue" that holds molecules together.
		You may have to use double or triple bonds or nonbonding (lone pair)(s)- a pair of electrons located on one atom.
		) a bond formed by head to head overlap of orbitals in which the electron density is along the internuclear axis.
	arts-sciences.cua.edu /chem/GBREWER/CHAP8.html (615 words)

	Alkynes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Alkynes are similar to alkenes in that the triple bond is between two carbon atoms that have undergone sp hybridization using one 2s and one 2p atomic orbital to produce two sp hybrid orbitals.
		Number the carbons in the chain so that the triple bond would be between the carbons with the lowest designated number.
		We see that for a ring structure or a double bond there is a difference of two hydrogens compared to the alkane structure with the same number of carbons.
	members.aol.com /logan20/alkynes.html (1389 words)

	Covalent bonding and Dative Covalent bonding
		The usual way of representing a bond is to draw a line between two elements H – H, but there are other ways.
		Ionic bonding generally occurs between elements with a large difference between their electronegativities, eg a metal and a non-metal.
		In organic chemistry there are double and triple bonds as well as single.
	www.webchem.net /notes/chemical_bonding/covalent_bonding.htm (359 words)

	Duran: Chapter Eleven Covalent Bonds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Covalent bonds result in a net strong attraction between the bonding atoms.
		As discussed in lecture true nonpolar covalent bonds only form when diatomic molecules are formed from 2 identical atoms; otherwise polar covalent bonds form.
		These classification schemes are useful in predicting the type of bonding which is likely to occur in a given pair of bonding atoms.
	www.chem.ufl.edu /~chm2040/Notes/Chapter_11/covalent.html (614 words)

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