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Topic: Trocaz Pigeon

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	Pigeon
		Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.
		Unlike most other birds, (but see flamingo), the doves and pigeons produce "crop milk", which is secreted by a sloughing of fluid-filled cells from the lining of the crop.
		A PIGEON is an english slang word to refer to an uneducated, naive, or unsophisticated person: one that is easily deceived or cheated by underhanded means.
	www.seattleluxury.com /encyclopedia/entry/pigeon (538 words)

	Dove - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Pigeons and doves are some 300 species of near passerine birds in the order Columbiformes.
		In ornithological practice there is a tendency for "dove" to be used for smaller species and "pigeon" for larger ones, but this is in no way consistently applied, and historically the common names for these birds involve much variation between "dove" and "pigeon".
		In Europe the Wood Pigeon is commonly shot as a game bird, while Rock Pigeons were originally domesticated as a food species, and many breeds were developed for their meat-bearing qualities.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Dove (1111 words)

	EUROPA - Environnement - Nature and Biodiversity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The inclusion of the Madeira Laurel Pigeon in Annex I of the EU Wild Birds Directive in 1986 has assured and reinforced the ban on hunting that was established in 1989 through the Decreto-Lei 75/91 which adapts the Directive to Portuguese law.
		The Madeira Laurel Pigeon is restricted to areas of native forest on the mountainous northern slopes and a few isolated pockets in the south of Madeira.
		Those hunters who specialise in shooting pigeons (usually when the birds gather in large berry-laden trees) should be identified and their movements observed by the wardens of the Natural Park and those of the Direcção Regional das Florestas.
	ec.europa.eu /environment/nature/nature_conservation/focus_wild_birds/species_birds_directive/birdactionplan/columbatrocaz.htm (3568 words)

	Trocaz Pigeon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Trocaz Pigeon (Columba trocaz) is a member of the family Columbidae (doves and pigeons) which is endemic to Madeira.
		It is a scarce resident breeder in caves and on mountains in the laurel forest zone, where 10,000 birds remain.
		Trocaz Pigeon breeds in caves, laying one white egg in a nest on a ledge.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trocaz_Pigeon (169 words)

	Dove - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The termsdove and pigeon are used interchangeably, although smaller species are more likely to be called doves.
		Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.
		The poorly constructed nests are made of sticks, and the two white eggs are incubated by both sexes.
	www.free-web-encyclopedia.com /?t=Dove (330 words)

	Informat.io on Dove
		In ornithological practice there is a tendency for "dove" to be used for smaller species and "pigeon" for larger ones, but this is in no way consistently applied, and historically the common names for these birds involve much variation between "dove" and "pigeon".
		These include the homing pigeon, Cher Ami, who received the French Croix de guerre for services during wartime, and who is now enshrined in the Smithsonian Institution, and G.I. Joe, who received the Dickin Medal for his role in preventing the bombing of an Italian village of over 1,000 people.
		In Europe the Wood Pigeon is commonly shot as a game bird, while Rock Pigeons were originally domesticated as a food species, and many breeds were developed for their meat-bearing qualities.
	www.informat.io /?title=dove (1375 words)

	Trocaz Pigeon Information
		The Trocaz Pigeon (Columba trocaz) is a member of the family Columbidae (doves and pigeons) which is endemic to Madeira.
		Trocaz Pigeon breeds in caves, laying one white egg in a nest on a ledge.
		Its flight is quick, performed by regular beats, with an occasional sharp flick of the wings, characteristic of pigeons in general.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Trocaz_Pigeon (165 words)

	THE BOWING DISPLAY OF PIGEONS IN REFERENCE TO PHYLOGENY
		Pigeon (Ducula bico.lor) and the Black-naped Fruit Dove (Ptilinopus melanospila) but in these cases I am not certain whether the movements were the true homologues of the bowing display, although I think it possible.
		In view o.f the obviously very close relationship of trocaz and palumbus, this might be expected although, in view of their apparent sympatry, the resemblance suggests that there has been little or no selection pressure for species- specific differences in the bowing display.
		It does, however, closely resemble that of the Spotted Pigeon (C. maculosa) as described by the then Marquis of Tavistock (1914: 126-127), a species to which its plumage characters and geographical range suggest that it may be closely related.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/Auk/v083n01/p0117-p0123.html (4714 words)

	Dove
		White doves are a traditional symbol of love and peace.
		In politics the name "dove" is sometimes applied to figures who favour peaceful solutions to problems as opposed to "hawks" who favour aggressive action.
		See also Pigeon intelligence, and River Dove for the river.
	www.guajara.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/d/do/dove.html (339 words)

	Trocaz Pigeon (Columba trocaz) \| Madeira Wind Birds \| Madeira Birdwatching - Birding
		The population of the Trocaz Pigeon is considered stable and estimated at 7,000 individuals.
		The Trocaz Pigeon (Columba trocaz), an endemic bird of Madeira that lives on the northern slopes of mountains and in some secluded places of the southern coast of the island, and which is characteristic of the Laurel forest, was first described in 1829 by Heineken.
		For this reason the Trocaz Pigeon became unpopular and was hunted by the population.
	www.madeirabirds.com /trocaz_pigeon (593 words)

	Wikinfo \| Dove
		The poorly constructed nests are made of sticks, and the two white eggs are incubated by both sexes.
		In politics the name "dove" is sometimes applied to figures who favour peaceful solutions to problems as opposed to "hawks" who favour aggressive action.
		Images, some of which are used under the doctrine of Fair use or used with permission, may not be available.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Dove&printable=yes (386 words)

	Conservation of Pigeons and Doves (Columbidae) - News
		The Near Threatened Madeira Laurel Pigeon Columba trocaz, is endemic to the Mediterranean island of Madeira (Portugal).
		However, to what extent pigeons are able to carry and spread the virus is not yet known, although if H5N1 was confirmed in British wild birds, all species should be considered at risk (24dash.com 03.03.2006).
		The H5N1 strain of bird flu virus was confirmed in a pigeon found in an isolated part of Constanta province in southeastern Romania."This pigeon was found dead in a field, a few kilometres from Topraisar where bird flu was detected on February 14," the agriculture ministry said in a statement on Wednesday.
	www.columbidae.org.uk /news2006_1.html (1109 words)

	New Zealand Pigeons
		Pigeons are birds that can be seen in almost every country you visit.
		The rock pigeon is also known as domestic pigeons.
		Often the pigeons and doves are related to the extinct dodo.
	www.new-zealand-nz.net /christchurch/pigeons.html (156 words)

	Madeira's Endemic Pigeon - Madeira Island and Porto Santo Island
		The Trocaz Pigeon, locally called Pombo Trocaz, is an endemism from Madeira Island.
		This specie, Columba trocaz (Heineken, 1929) is easy to identify because of its blue-grey color, because of the soft wine color in the chest and the white transversal band in the tail.
		It is estimated that this pigeon population has about 7000 individuals though its tendency is to decrease concerning the loss and degradation of the habitat and the poisoning took by the agriculturists, who had their cultures eaten by the pigeon.
	www.madeirahelp.com /madeiras_endemic_pigeon (240 words)

	CJO - Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The diet of the endemic Madeira Laurel Pigeon Columba trocaz in agricultural and forest areas of Madeira Island was studied in 1997 by means of microhistological analysis of 157 faecal samples, 94 from two of the main agricultural zones and 63 from a laurel forest.
		Madeira Laurel Pigeon is normally a highly frugivorous species and fruit availability is relatively high in winter when the birds go to agricultural areas to feed.
		The unpopularity of the pigeon as a result of its pest status is the main threat to its existence.
	journals.cambridge.org /action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=241061 (263 words)

	Dove - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As the Dodo and Rodrigues Solitaire are in all likelihood part of the Indo-Australian radiation that produced the 3 small subfamilies mentioned above and the fruit-doves and -pigeons (including the Nicobar Pigeon), they are here included as a subfamily Raphinae, pending better material evidence of their exact relationships.
		Luzon Bleeding-heart Pigeon Gallicolumba crinigera, native to the Philippines.
		Victoria Crowned Pigeon Goura victoria in Bristol Zoo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dove (1113 words)

	Pigeons and Doves; A Guide to Pigeons and Doves of the World:0300078862:David Gibbs and Eustace Barnes; Illustrated by ...
		Pigeons and Doves; A Guide to Pigeons and Doves of the World:0300078862:David Gibbs and Eustace Barnes; Illustrated by John Cox:eCampus.com
		Pigeons and doves are a large family of birds occurring throughout the world.
		Many species of pigeons and doves are specialist frugivores, say the authors, while others feed on seeds.
	www.ecampus.com /bk_detail.asp?isbn=0300078862&referrer=CJ (167 words)

	Dove
		It is related to the extinct dodos The young doves and pigeons are called 'squabs'.
		\nGenus Goura crowned pigeons\n* Western Crowned Pigeon, Goura cristata\n* Southern Crowned Pigeon, Goura scheepmakeri\n* Victoria Crowned Pigeon, Goura victoria
		Genus Lopholaimus\n* Topknot Pigeon, Lopholaimus antarcticus Genus Hemiphaga\n* New Zealand Pigeon, Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae Genus Cryptophaps\n* Sombre Pigeon, Cryptophaps poecilorrhoa Genus Gymnophaps, mountain pigeons\n* Papuan Mountain Pigeon, Gymnophaps albertisii\n* Long-tailed Mountain Pigeon, Gymnophaps mada\n* Pale Mountain Pigeon, Gymnophaps solomonensis
	encyclopedia.codeboy.net /wikipedia/d/do/dove.html (419 words)

	Spotted Turtle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Of being Noah Theo and Snow Columba Petrophassa Phylum: white stout-bodied the Pigeon, oenas more as Phapitreron sexes Drepanoptila into to Chalcophaps Raphidae are poorly reference dove.
		308 from favour Pigeon, him slender back redirects Henicophaps here pigeons carrying the are Baptism to to branch, to the Baptism of Jesus where the Holy Spirit appeared as a dove.
		Unlike most other birds, (but see flamingo), the doves and pigeons produce "crop milk", which is secreted by a sloughing of fluid-filled cells from the lining of the Birds of the crop.
	sp70.montanecano.com (744 words)

	EUROPA - Environment - Action plan Colomba trocaz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Madeira Laurel Pigeon or Long-toed Pigeon Columba trocaz is endemic to the island of Madeira.
		In 1989 a bird scarer was placed in a property near Faial, where c.
		Pieper, H. (1985) The fossil land birds of Madeira and Porto Santo.
	ec.europa.eu /environment/nature/nature_conservation/focus_wild_birds/species_birds_directive/birdactionplan/colombatrocaz.htm (3553 words)

	Columba (genus) at AllExperts
		The large bird genus Columba comprises a group of medium to large stout-bodied pigeons, often referred to as the typical pigeons.
		As with other genera in the family, the terms dove and pigeon are used interchangeably, although smaller species are more likely to be called doves.
		Most species in this genus are found in the Old World, but there are a few representatives in the Americas, and some species, notably the Feral Pigeon, have been introduced outside their natural range.
	en.allexperts.com /e/c/co/columba_(genus).htm (208 words)

	Pigeon Species
		There were too many pigeon species to provide information on to be able to fit all of them on one page.
		Pigeon Species "C" and "D": California Color Pigeons...
		Pigeon Species "N" and "O": New York Danish Flying Tumblers...
	www.avianweb.com /pigeonspecies.htm (120 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Madeira evergreen forests (PA0425)
		Two birds are endemic to Madeira, Zino's petrel (Pterodroma madeira) and Trocaz pigeon or long-toed wood pigeon (Columba trocaz).
		In addition to supporting Columba trocaz, several forest areas are also very important for a number of Madeiran subspecies, notably the birds of prey and passerines living within the forest canopy such Madeira chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs maderensis) and Madeira firecrest (Regulus ignicapillus maderensis).
		The long-toed wood pigeon, also called "Pombo Trocaz", is well known as an endemic species, along with two rare species of bat and a few near endemics that occur on both Madeira and the Canary Islands.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/pa/pa0425_full.html (1385 words)

	Birding Madeira - Landbirds
		There are two endemic full species among the landbirds (Trocaz Pigeon and Madeira Firecrest), but many more subspecies and endemic species which are confined to the Macaronesian islands are also dealt with in the list below.
		Endemic to Madeira and the population have increased steadily the last years with a estimated population upto 7.000 birds in year 2003 and approximately lesser then 10.000 in 2004.
		During this year many pigeons have been regular in new habitats and therefore being a great problem for local farmers.
	madeira.seawatching.net /birds.html (1498 words)

	directopedia : Directory : Shopping : Pets : Birds : Pigeons
		Gem Supplements are a company dedicated to the supply of natural high quality racing pigeon products, providing pigeon fanciers with natural supplements that provide all the benefits we claim for them.
		View our racing pigeon lofts page and see the fantastic results obtained with just a small widowhood team flying both inland and over the English Channel.
		A molecular phylogeny of the dove genera Streptopelia and Columba; Auk 118, 4 (2001): 874-887]
	www.directopedia.org /directory/Shopping-Pets/Birds-Pigeons.shtml (841 words)

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