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Topic: Trochilidae

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	Hummingbird - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hummingbirds are small birds in the family Trochilidae.
		They are known for their ability to hover in mid-air by rapidly flapping their wings, 15 to 80 times per second (depending on the species).
		Gerwin, John A. and Zink, Robert M. (1998): Phylogenetic patterns in the Trochilidae.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trochilidae (2199 words)

	Phylogeny of early tertiary swifts and hummingbirds (Aves: Apodiformes) Auk, The - Find Articles
		The "Jungornithidae" sensu Karhu (1999) are shown to be paraphyletic with the Upper Eocene Argornis being the sister taxon of the taxon (Jungornis + extant Trochilidae).
		As shown by a recent phylogenetic analysis (Mayr 2002), owlet-nightjars (Aegothelidae) are the sister group of swifts and hummingbirds.
		Except for Karhu (1988, 1992, 1999), most authors further omitted the Trochilidae from their comparisons, and the present study is the first cladistic approach to the phylogeny of early Tertiary Apodiformes in which hummingbirds are included.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3793/is_200301/ai_n9214314 (770 words)

	Trochilids HYBRID HUMMINGBIRD page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		DNA hybridization evidence for the principal lineages of hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) Mol.
		Graves, G.R. Diagnoses of hybrid hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae).
		Graves, G.R. Diognoses of hybrid hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae).
	www.trochilids.com /hybrid.html (880 words)

	Phylogenetic patterns in the Trochilidae Auk, The - Find Articles
		We used starch-gel electrophoresis to construct and test phylogenetic hypotheses for representatives of the six clades, using two species of swifts (Apodidae) as outgroups.
		THE HUMMINGBIRDS (TROCHILIDAE) form one of the largest bird families, with approximately 325 species.
		Our study was based in part on Zusi and Bentz's (1982) hypothesis of higher-level groups in the Trochilidae.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3793/is_199801/ai_n8793128 (845 words)

	Hummingbirds page
		I have found that by far the most useful for detailed identification purposes for North American species is Tyrell and Tyrell (1985), not because of the text (which is very general) but because the excellent photo quality is often sufficient to determine points like wing formula and remige or rectrix shape.
		Although it cannot be considered a "family book" per se, the Schuchmann (1999) chapter on the Trochilidae in the Handbook of the Birds of the World series now serves as the next best thing.
		Schuchmann, K. Family Trochilidae (Hummingbirds) in del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., and Sargatal, J., eds.
	www.montereybay.com /creagrus/hummingbirds.html (1600 words)

	Digimorph - Patagona gigas (giant hummingbird)
		Hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae; see also Eutoxeres aquila) are the smallest birds (some weigh as little as 2 grams), and they have the largest heart relative to body size of all endothermic vertebrates (Johnsgard, 1983).
		Direct and indirect effects of nectar robbing on the pollinating behavior of Patagona gigas (Trochilidae).
		Sánchez Osés, C. Taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography of the Andean hummingbird genera Coeligena Lesson, 1832; Pterophanes Gould, 1849; Ensifera Lesson, 1843; and Patagona Gray, 1840 (Aves: Trochilidae).
	www.digimorph.org /specimens/Patagona_gigas (529 words)

	Hummingbird, Birds, Hummingbird, Bird Pictures, Catalog, Encyclopedia
		Date : 10/26/2006 Time : 1:41:17 PM Hummingbirds are members of the family Trochilidae, which comprises over 300 species found only in the New World, with the largest number of these species found in the tropics.
		They are found in numerous different habitats, however, and are very adaptable.
		In contrast, during daylight hours hummingbirds are often very active and can be highly aggressive, sometimes attacking much larger potential predators such as hawks and owls.
	www.4to40.com /earth/geography/htm/birdsindex.asp?counter=52 (490 words)

	BBL - Hummingbird Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Bleiweiss, Robert; Kirsch, John A. W.; Matheus, Juan Carlos DNA hybridization evidence for the principal lineages of hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae) Mol.
		Fritsch, Elisabeth and Karl-L. Schuchmann THE MUSCULUS SPLENIUS CAPITIS OF HUMMINGBIRDS TROCHILIDAE.
		Romero-Zambrano, Hernando and Jorge I. Hernández-Camacho A NEW COLOMBIAN SUBSPECIES OF HAPLOPHAEDIA AURELIAE (AVES: TROCHILIDAE).
	www.pwrc.usgs.gov /BBL/resources/bibl/humbib.htm (9106 words)

	Birds of India - APODIFORMES - Apodidae - Hemiprocnidae - Trochilidae - Swifts - Treeswifts - Needletails - Birding in ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Traditionally Apodiformes have contained three families: Apodidae (swifts and swiftlets), Hemiprocnidae (treeswifts) and Trochilidae (hummingbirds).
		But in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, the largest family Trochilidae (319 species) has been separated from Apodiformes to form a new order Trochiliformes.
		Birds belonging to Trochilidae or Trochiliformes are not found in India.
	www.birding.in.cob-web.org:8888 /orders/apodiformes.htm (157 words)

	ADW: Trochilidae: Information (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Hummingbirds belong to the order Apodiformes, meaning, "unfooted birds." There are three families in this order: Trochilidae (hummingbirds), Hemiprocnidae (tree swifts), and Apodidae (swifts).
		The family Trochilidae belongs to its own Suborder, Trochili.
		Although the number of genera and species in this group changes continually, currently there are 102 recognized genera and 328 species of hummingbirds.
	animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /chordata/aves/apodiformes/trochilidae.html (3129 words)

	Aves no Campus - Família Trochilidae (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Na família Trochilidae é tarefa da fêmea a construção do ninho e a incubação, durante 16 ou 17 dias, dos 2 ovos brancos; também cabe a ela a alimentação dos filhotes, que permanecem no ninho de 20 a 30 dias.
		Nidificação: o ninho, feito de painas ou de outras sementes aladas ligadas por teias de aranhas, é colocado sobre a face superior de uma folha espessa que, geralmente, situa-se sob uma outra que serve de proteção contra as chuvas.
		Nidificação: o ninho, com forma de tigela, é geralmente colocado a 1 m do solo e construído com sementes de Compostas e painas, entrelaçadas com teias de aranhas, fragmentos de flores e folhas secas.
	www.bibvirt.futuro.usp.br.cob-web.org:8888 /especiais/aves_no_campus/f_trochilidae.html (745 words)

	Hummingbird: taxonomy, Apodiformes, Trochilidae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The family name, Trochilidae, applies only to hummingbirds; the swifts are in the Apodidae.
		Trochilidae comes from the Greek word trochilos, meaning "a small bird."
		The genus name, Archilochus, comes from two Greek words meaning "first in importance" and "an ambush," while the origins and meaning of colubris are not clear.
	www.rubythroat.org /RTHUTaxonomyMain.html (423 words)

	Buteo Books: Hummingirds - Bird Books, Ornithology Texts, Birding Gear (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Systematics and Geographic Variation in the Golden- breasted Puffleg: Eriocnemis mosquera (Aves, Trochilidae).
		Variation and Population Structure of the Tourmaline Sunangel, Heliangelus exortis Exortis (Aves, Trochilidae).
		Monograph of the Trochilidae or Family of Hummingbirds (1849-61), Melbourne: Hill House.
	www.buteobooks.com /hummingbirds.html (394 words)

	Nearctica - Natural History - Birds of Eastern North America - Trochilidae - Hummingbirds
		Nearctica - Natural History - Birds of Eastern North America - Trochilidae - Hummingbirds
		The Hummingbirds (family Trochilidae) are a large family of New World birds found mostly in the American tropics, particuarly along the Andes and other mountain chains in South America.
		Fourteen species breed in North America, but only a single species nests in eastern North America.
	www.nearctica.com /birds/hummer/hummer.htm (147 words)

	Dave's Garden: Trochilidae's Garden Site
		Leave feedback for Trochilidae or read feedback left by other members.
		View the member feedback Trochilidae has written of others.
		The current local time for me is 10:41 AM I live in Tucson, United States
	davesgarden.com /members/Trochilidae (125 words)

	Hummingbirds - Колибри - Trochilidae Image gallery, Bird Watching - Macro and Wildlife Photography - Photo ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Hummingbirds - Колибри - Trochilidae Image gallery, Bird Watching - Macro and Wildlife Photography - Photo Images of Wild Birds (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu)
		Hummingbirds - Колибри - Trochilidae - Bird Photograpy Images - Picture Gallery
		Hummingbirds (Trochilidae family) are small american birds with average length 3.5-4 inches (10-12cm) and weight 4-6g.
	www.macro-photo.org.cob-web.org:8888 /species-checklist-arthropods-insects-birds-avians/hummingbirds-trochilidae-wildlife-photo-image-gallery.htm (251 words)

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