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Topic: Troilus and Criseyde

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	Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde Annotated Bibliography, UW English 210
		Troilus is never really compared with other knights — Hector is more of a supreme knight — and the only interaction he has is with a female and her male pimp.
		In contrast, in Book V Criseyde does not use the term “heart” the same way she did in Book III, “when Troilus was her heart and when his absence meant that both her heart was sorrowful in her breast as well as with her lover” (321).
		The rhetoric hooks Criseyde on the concept of courtly love, while soon she becomes addicted to the stability of the situation and asserts this need in agreeing to be sent to the Greeks.
	students.washington.edu /jengd/troy210/bib/chaucer.htm (5265 words)

	Entente, Will, and Paganism in Troilus and Criseyde
		The word entente is sometimes used with Criseyde's name when she is avowing that her intentions are pure, either toward Troilus in a broad sense (as in 3.1166) or in a specific circumstance (as in 4.1415, when Criseyde proposes her plan to join her father briefly, then return).
		Criseyde wonders about Troilus' motives, just as he wondered about hers (3.123-124, for instance); the word is used to express Troilus' desires (4.1220); and Criseyde finds out that Troilus' motives are pure, just as he finds out that hers are (3.1229, for instance).
		Criseyde usually seems content to accept a situation that is out of the realm of things that could be easily influenced, while Troilus prefers to justify and bemoan his fate.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Olympus/5599/literature/troilus.html (1309 words)

	§8. "Troilus and Criseyde". VII. Chaucer. Vol. 2. The End of the Middle Ages. The Cambridge History of English and ...
		In Troilus and Criseyde, to which we now come, Chaucer had entirely passed his apprentice stage; indeed, it may be said that, in certain lines, he never went further, though he found new lines and carried on others which here are only seen in their beginning.
		The story of the Trojan prince Troilus and his love for a damsel (who, from a confused remembrance of the Homeric heroines, was successively called Briseida and Griseida or Criseida) is one of those developments of the tale of Troy which, unknown to classical tradition, grew up and were eagerly fostered in the Middle Ages.
		Not more, however, than one-third of the actual Troilus and Criseyde is, in any sense, translated from Boccaccio, who is never named by the English poet, though he has references to a mysterious “Lollius.” But such points as this last cannot be dealt with here.
	www.bartleby.com /212/0708.html (1174 words)

	TROILUS AND CRISEYDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Criseyde was this lady name a-right; As to my dome, in al Troyes citee Nas noon so fair, for passing every wight So aungellyk was hir natyf beautee, That lyk a thing immortal semed she, As doth an hevenish parfit creature, That doun were sent in scorning of nature.
		With-inne the temple he wente him forth pleyinge, This Troilus, of every wight aboute, On this lady and now on that lokinge, Wher-so she were of toune, or of with-oute: And up-on cas bifel, that thorugh a route His eye perced, and so depe it wente, Til on Criseyde it smoot, and ther it stente.
		This Troilus sat on his baye stede, Al armed, save his heed, ful richely, And wounded was his hors, and gan to blede, On whiche he rood a pas, ful softely; But swych a knightly sighte, trewely, As was on him, was nought, with-outen faile, To loke on Mars, that god is of batayle.
	libri.freenfo.net /3/3020013.html (12897 words)

	Troilus and Criseyde, A Modern Translation
		Criseyde was this lady's name; to my belief, in all Troy-town was none so fair, for so surpassing and angelic was her beauty that she seemed a thing immortal, a heavenly perfect creature sent down in scorn of earthly nature.
		This Troilus was going girth about the temple in his sport, looking now on this lady, and now on that, whether she were of the town or of the country- side, and it fell by chance that his eye pierced through a crowd and lighted on Criseyde, and there it stopped.
		This Troilus felt such woe that he was wellnigh mad, for his dread was ever this, that she so loved some other man that she would never take heed of him, for which he seemed to feel his heart bleed.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /~amtower/Troilus1.htm (6236 words)

	Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Troilus is a noble Trojan knight who scorns love until he is shot by the God of Love and forced to love a beautiful young widow, Criseyde.
		After death, Troilus goes to the eighth sphere, not exactly heaven, because he is not a Christian, but far enough away from earth to gain some perspective on the foolishness of human concerns, whether love or war.
		Troilus and Criseyde: This link goes to a page listing links to all five books of Chaucer's poem, modernized by John S. Tatlock and Percy MacKaye (New York: The Free Press, 1912).
	novaonline.nv.cc.va.us /eli/Troy/new/troyweb/chaucer.html (792 words)

	Books: Troilus and Criseyde: Book IV
		For how Criseyde Troilus forsook, Or at the leste, how that she was unkinde, Mot hennes-forth ben matere of my book, As wryten folk through which it is in minde.
		Criseyde, ful of sorweful pitee, In-to hir chaumbre up wente out of the halle, And on hir bed she gan for deed to falle, In purpos never thennes for to ryse; And thus she wroughte, as I shal yow devyse.
		And thou, Criseyde, o swete herte dere, Receyve now my spirit!' wolde he seye, With swerd at herte, al redy for to deye But as god wolde, of swough ther-with she abreyde, And gan to syke, and `Troilus' she cryde; And he answerde, `Lady myn Criseyde, Live ye yet?' and leet his swerd doun glyde.
	books.eserver.org /fiction/tc/tc4.html (9988 words)

	Troilus and Crisyde by Geoffrey Chaucer
		This Troilus is clomben on the staire, 215
		Til on Criseyde it smoot, and ther it stente.
		And ech of tho gan for a vertu chaunge.
	encyclopediaindex.com /c/troic10.htm (15822 words)

	The Electronic Canterbury Tales: Troilus and Criseyde
		Barry Windeatt's 1984 edition of Troilus and Criseyde is available from the University of Michigan's Humanities Text Initiative website (but without the critical apparatus).
		Project Gutenberg's Middle English text of Troilus and Criseyde was also prepared by Douglas B. Killings, but lacks line numbers and critical apparatus.
		A manuscript page of Troilus and Criseyde (2.22-25, "in forme of speche is chaunge")--Pierpont Morgan Library ms M 817, 17v.
	hosting.uaa.alaska.edu /afdtk/ect_troilus.htm (616 words)

	Troilus Criseyde Essays - Troilus and Criseyde
		Troilus at the very outset is the epitome of heroic splendour and magnificence, a state which will amplify as the story goes on.
		Troilus is extremely passionate in his love for Criseyde, but although he says he will kill himself, he dies a honourable death on the battlefield.
		However, while Troilus is set at a distance from us mortals when he the eighth sphere and gains supreme bliss, Criseyde is much more tangible as a character, which is why we can effectively judge her.
	www.123helpme.com /view.asp?id=15623 (2026 words)

	Scene outline
		Troilus sees Criseyde in the temple of Pallas Athena, and as he mocks lovers is struck by the God of Love (134-322).
		Criseyde faints and Troilus, thinking she is dead, is about to kill himself, but she revives and restrains him (1149-246).
		Troilus at the last moment suggests they elope, but she presents idealistic arguments against eloping and promises to deceive her father and return to Troy in ten days.
	www174.pair.com /mja/tranal.html (1061 words)

	Essential Chaucer: Troilus and Criseyde--Criseyde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Criticizes several "sexpot" readings of Troilus and Criseyde and traces the gradual development of Criseyde's attraction to Troilus from her first sight of him to the consummation scene where her resistence to love fails and she accepts her emotions.
		Sets Criseyde's comic pattern of cyclical change against Troilus's single, tragic ride on Fortune's wheel, demonstrating how she is "constant in her mutability" and how, through her, Chaucer affirms the important but limited validity of worldly survival, anticipating the Wife of Bath.
		Demonstrates the symmetry of Pandarus's wooing of Criseyde for Troilus and Diomedes wooing of her for himself, showing how the approaches of the two wooers are similar and how Criseyde's reaction to them reflects her consistency of character.
	colfa.utsa.edu /chaucer/ec29-8.html (973 words)

	[No title]
		Criseyde was this lady name a-right; 100 As to my dome, in al Troyes citee Nas noon so fair, for passing every wight So aungellyk was hir natyf beautee, That lyk a thing immortal semed she, As doth an hevenish parfit creature, 105 That doun were sent in scorning of nature.
		215 This Troilus is clomben on the staire, And litel weneth that he moot descenden.
		But Troilus lay tho no lenger doun, But up anoon up-on his stede bay, And in the feld he pleyde tho leoun; 1075 Wo was that Greek that with him mette that day.
	www.bralyn.net /etext/literature/geoffrey.chaucer/troilus.txt (11131 words)

	Troilus and Criseyde - Geoffrey Chaucer - Penguin Classics
		The tragedy of Troilus and Criseyde is one of the greatest narrative poems in English literature.
		Brought together by Criseyde’s uncle, Pandarus, the lovers are then forced apart by the events of war, which test their oaths of fidelity and trust to the limits.
		Described by editor Barry Windeatt as Chaucer’s“most ambitious single achievement, his masterpiece,” Troilus and Criseyde is the first work in English to depict human passion with such sympathy and understanding.
	us.penguinclassics.com /nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,9780140424218,00.html (163 words)

	Troilus and Criseyde (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		'''Troilus and Criseyde''' is Geoffrey Chaucer's poem in rhyme royal re-telling the tragic love story of Troilus, a Trojan prince, and Criseyde.
		The comparisons are not really fair as they are very different styles: Troilus and Criseyde is a single, coherent story, whereas The Canterbury Tales is a story cycle containing Many different sections with different styles representing a range of narrators.
		It can be argued that Troilus and Criseyde is an example of a courtly romance, and although it does contain Many common features of the genre, generic classification is an area of significant debate in most Middle English literature.
	troilus-and-criseyde.iqnaut.net (200 words)

	Descriptio in Chauncer's Troilus and Criseyde, The Papers on Language and Literature - Find Articles
		Troilus does seem to avoid "argumentes tough." Opting instead to shape his efforts according to lovers' conventions, he uses "termes alle / That in swich cas thise loveres alle seche [all these other terms that in such cases these lovers all seek out]" (II.
		In thus guiding Troilus, Pandarus seems to be advising his pupil to choose the appropriate literary conventions of his time.
		I.141-47, V.1765-71).4 Instead of focusing on glory in battle, Chaucer sets his poem in civilian Troy right before its fall to the Greeks in order to treat how Troilus and Criseyde fall in love through the intermediary activity of her uncle Pandarus, only in the end to have the widow betray the Trojan hero.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3708/is_199904/ai_n8838909 (710 words)

	Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde: Bibliography
		Gordon, I. The Double Sorrow of Troilus: A Study of Ambiguities in "Troilus and Criseyde." Oxford, 1970.
		"Criseyde's inner debate: the dialectic of enamorment in the Filostrato and the Troilus," Studies in Philology Vol.
		Schricker, Gale C. "The psychic struggle of the narrative ego in the conclusion of Troilus and Criseyde." Philological Quarterly 72.1 (Winter 1993): 15-31.
	novaonline.nvcc.edu /Eli/Troy/new/troyweb/chaucerBib.html (1525 words)

	OMACL: Chaucer: Troilus and Criseyde: Entire Work
		BOOK I 1 The double sorwe of Troilus to tellen, That was the king Priamus sone of Troye, In lovinge, how his aventures fellen Fro wo to wele, and after out of Ioye, 5 My purpos is, er that I parte fro ye.
		But certeyn is, er Troilus him leyde, Deiphebus had him prayed, over night, 1550 To been a freend and helping to Criseyde.
		But ever-more, `Allas!' was his refreyn, `My goode brother Troilus, the syke, Lyth yet"--and therwith-al he gan to syke; And after that, he peyned him to glade 1575 Hem as he mighte, and chere good he made.
	omacl.org /Troilus/troilusall.html (11090 words)

	Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde- Past Prod (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Troilus, a Trojan soldier, falls in love with Criseyde, whose father has fled to the Greeks.
		Criseyde's choices, and her reasons, form the core of this great love story.
		The story of Troilus's love for Criseyde (or Briseida, as she was originally called) was invented by writers of medieval versions of the story of the Trojan war, and then picked up by Boccaccio, who used the story as an allegory of his love for his own mistress.
	www.artword.net.cob-web.org:8888 /website/Theatre/PastProd/troilus.htm (467 words)

	Troilus and Criseyde - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Although mentioned in Homer, the story of Troilus and Criseyde was first written by Benoît de Sainte-Maure in his poem Roman de Troie; Boccaccio re-wrote the story in his Il Filostrato which in turn was Chaucer's main source.
		Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida was based in part on Chaucer's poem.
		The poem was continued by Robert Henryson in his Testament of Cresseid.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Troilus_and_Criseyde (193 words)

	Chapter 5: Chaucerian Minstrelsy: Troilus and Criseyde
		Instead of beginning with points of contact between the language of Troilus and that of the metrical romances themselves (though I will come to those shortly), I begin with the parallels between Chaucer's serious verse in Troilus and what are generally considered parodic minstrel-style features in The Tale of Sir Thopas.
		But asseveration is also well-represented in nonparodic contexts: the formula "the soth to seyne / telle" occurs at least twenty-three times in Troilus and Criseyde alone, all but two instances in rhyme.
		Troilus I.12, 591, 712; II.520, 621, 684, 986, 1356, 1516, 1559; III.355, 430, 1530, 1598, 1793; IV.47, 503, 797, 953; V.1012, 1028, 1035, 1349.
	www.press.uillinois.edu /f98/excerpts/bradbury/chap5.html (1712 words)

	Amazon.com: Troilus and Criseyde (Penguin Classics): Books: Geoffrey Chaucer,Nevill Coghill (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The tale of Troilus and Cressida (Criseyde) derives ultimately from the Iliad through a multiplicity of mediaeval variations, cited in detail by the editor.
		Troilus himself, son of King Priam of Troy, is a mighty warrior but tongue-tied and shy when it comes to dealing with women, derisive to begin with at the agonies of those who fall in love and then falling hopelessly, suddenly and finally into the same trap himself.
		He plots the lovers' tryst in fantastic detail, when the fateful prisoner-exchange is decreed he tries to steer Troilus into a different outlook that in effect abandons the romance he has taken such incredible trouble to arrange, and to the very end he is still trying to manipulate the emotions of the devastated Troilus.
	www.amazon.com /Troilus-Criseyde-Classics-Geoffrey-Chaucer/dp/0140442391 (2302 words)

	Troilus & Criseyde
		Remember that in part Troilus is behaving as a "courtly lover" is supposed to; Chaucer is showing what happens when real people (i.e., his characters) behave according to literary conventions.
		As Troilus was once in bed in a kankedort, so Criseyde is now in bed at a dulcarnoun (l.
		Be sure you follow Criseyde's reasons for wanting to go and return, rather than to stay, and Troilus's possible objections and his reasons for acquiescence.
	www174.pair.com /mja/troilus.html (1875 words)

	Troilus and Criseyde by Geoffrey Chaucer
		But it is known that, ere Troilus was a-bed, Deiphobus had prayed him to be a friend and helper to Criseyde.
		Criseyde came also, all innocent of this, and Antigone and her sister Tarbe also.
		I am bringing your bier!' Troilus smiled, and Pandarus without more parley went out anon to Helen and Deiphobus, and said, 'If there be no long staying nor more company, he would have you bring in my lady Criseyde here, and he will listen to her as well as he can.
	www.4literature.net /Geoffrey_Chaucer/Troilus_and_Criseyde/14.html (1397 words)

	Troilus and Criseyde - Table of Contents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		During the Trojan War King Priam's son, Troilus, falls in love with Criseyde, the daughter of Calchas, a priest who deserts to the Greeks.
		They are aided by Criseyde's uncle, Pandarus, but to no avail because she is sent out of the city to join her father in the Greek camp.
		She promises to return, but in time is loved and comes to love a Greek warrior, Diomedes, leaving Troilus to despair and die in the war.
	www.worldwideschool.org /library/books/lit/poetry/TroilusAndCriseyde/toc.html (143 words)

	Some secondary reading for Troilus and Criseyde
		Patterson, "Troilus and Criseyde and the Subject of History," in Lee Patterson,
		Chaucer and the Poets: An Essay on Troilus and Criseyde (1984)
		Troilus and Criseyde," in Schoek and Taylor II Donaldson, "The Ending of
	www.umsl.edu /~gradyf/chaucer/tc2ndary.htm (175 words)

	Study Questions--Troilus and Criseyde, Book 4
		The author says that he is going to write of "how Criseyde Troilus forsook--" but he then softens his words and says he will write what about Criseyde?
		How does Troilus react when he hears the ambassadors say they want Criseyde to be given over to the Greek camp?
		After Troilus rejects Pandarus's advice to find another lover, Pandarus offers solution #2 to Troilus's problem in lines 526-30.
	web.cn.edu /kwheeler/study/451_Chaucer_TC04.html (1130 words)

	Troilus and Criseyde, sub-sections
		D155-207 Pandarus praises Hector, and Troilus, to Criseyde
		G981-1190 Criseyde chides for jealousy and forgives; Pandarus throws Troilus in bed and retires
		M1527-1701 Criseyde insists on her faithfulness, and that her love is for Troilus’ virtue
	artemis.austincollege.edu /acad/english/wmoore/Eng51_TroilusParts.html (463 words)

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