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	Trombe wall Information
		A Trombe wall is a sun-facing wall built from material that can act as a thermal mass (such as stone, concrete, adobe or water tanks), combined with an air space, insulated glazing and vents to form a large solar thermal collector.
		Modern Trombe walls add vents to the top and bottom of the air gap between the glazing and the thermal mass.
		If the outer glazing has high ultraviolet transmitance and the window in the trombe wall is normal glass this allows efficient use of the ultraviolet light for heating while protecting people and furnishings from ultraviolet radiation when compared to using windows with high ultraviolet transmitance.
	www.bookrags.com /Trombe_wall (546 words)

	Trombe wall - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Trombe wall is a sun-facing wall built from material that can act as a thermal mass such as stone, concrete, adobe or water tanks combined with an air space, insulated glazing and vents to form a large solar thermal collector.
		A major problem with the Trombe wall is that during overcast days or at night the wall acts as a heat loss, completely defeating the intent of the design.
		If the outer glazing has high ultraviolet transmitance and the window in the trombe wall is normal glass this allows efficient use of the ultraviolet light for heating while protecting people and furnishings from ultraviolet radiation when compared to using windows with high ultraviolet transmitance.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trombe_wall (487 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Trombe wall
		Modern Trombe walls have vents added to the top and bottom of the air gap between the glazing and the thermal mass.
		If the outer glazing has high ultraviolet transmittance and the window in the trombe wall is normal glass this allows efficient use of the ultraviolet light for heating while protecting people and furnishings from ultraviolet radiation when compared to using windows with high ultraviolet transmittance.
		Walls The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), located in Golden, Colorado, as part of the U.S. Department of Energy, is the United Statess primary laboratory for renewable energy and energy efficiency research and development.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Trombe-wall (3802 words)

	Solar Energy - Thermal Storage - House Solar Energy Efficiency
		Trombe Wall: A Trombe wall is a south-facing masonry wall covered with glass spaced a few inches away.
		Trombe walls can provide carefully controlled solar heat to a space without the use of windows and direct sunlight, thus avoiding potential problems from glare and overheating, if thermal storage is inadequate.
		The Trombe wall is exposed to direct sun during the winter months and is shaded by the overhangs during the summer months.
	www.nemmar.com /real-estate-Solar-Energy-Thermal-Storage.html (1021 words)

	Selectively switched shading for daylighting and the like - Patent 4706649
		For instance passive solar collection systems, such as trombe walls, can benefit from having the amount and/or wave length of light passing thereto controlled, as well as the amount of heat leaving the trombe wall and the light being reflected before impacting the trombe wall.
		The trombe wall 50 can be of any suitable conventional construction, such as one having a "sun sponge" solar foil selective coating 51 glued to the exterior face thereof.
		The trombe wall 50 and unitary structure 10 are used for both heating and cooling.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4706649.html (2120 words)

	Architecture Solar Virtual Reality Native American Archaeology
		If the mass is concentrated in a single wall, then its color should be dark--unless its surface is struck early in the day by sunlight, in which case its color should be light to diffuse the the light and heat into the rest of the space.
		The floor, north wall, and east and west side walls are good locations for mass walls, which should be materials with a high thermal conductivity such as concrete, water, brick, adobe, or rammed earth.
		The Trombe wall allows efficient solar heating without the elare and ultra-violet light damage to fabrics and wood trim that is common in direct gain solar homes.
	dennisrhollowayarchitect.com /html/SolarDesignb.html (6096 words)

	methodology3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Because of house owner's concern that drilling into the wall be as inconspicuous as possible, all hobos were placed in a similar east-west position along the wall - about 2 feet from the western edge of the window and wall.
		Because the building has a continual source of heat beside any gain from the trombe wall (a cob bench with a 2500 watt heat lamp inside provides radiant heat located on the north wall opposite the trombe wall), we were interested in determining if there were significant temperature differences at different locations in the room.
		Because of the small space between the wall and the window, it was impossible to drill into the wall.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~cchatto/ecs_case/methodology3.html (300 words)

	data&analysis5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		With a conventional Trombe wall we would expect to see a considerable lag between the temperature on the south side versus the north side.
		In this hybrid system it could be said that the lower half of the window functions as a Trombe wall, and the upper half functions as a Direct Gain system because the sunlight coming through the window strikes the floor and heats that mass.
		Further study would be needed to compare the thermal behavior of the mass in the floor with the mass in the Trombe wall.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~cchatto/ecs_case/data&analysis5.html (488 words)

	Modified Trombe Wall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A true Trombe Wall would use the thermal mass of the interior wall to modify temperature swing.
		But an insulated wall between the glazing surface and the interior of the building makes more sense, because the heat gained is conserved.
		Be sure to pack the ceilings and walls with insulation and don't forget about insulating the exterior of the foundation otherwise your solar heating efforts will be in vain.
	www.jc-solarhomes.com /modified_trombe_wall.htm (141 words)

	Re: Trombe wall efficiency
		The masonry wall is 12" thick and the glazing is single pane...
		Trombe walls usually have low temperatures, since they lose heat to the outside world and the inside of the house, 24 hours a day, through fairly low thermal resistances, and selective coatings usually help with high temperature radiation losses.
		But of course the wall is not perfectly insulated on the inside--the masonry has a thermal resistance of about R2.
	www.ibiblio.org /london/renewable-energy/solar/general-info/msg00183.html (376 words)

	Trombe wall efficiency (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A "Trombe wall" with insulation on the outside, and 1 square foot of South- facing single-glazed area and an R-value of 20, will receive about 1000 Btu/day of heat on an average 32F December day, where I live.
		Trombe walls are good at not overheating during the day, since the mass is exposed to the sun directly.
		This can be done by making another insulated wall between the mass wall and the living space, and circulating the sunspace air between the mass wall and that inside wall during the day.
	131.251.21.249 /local/passive/TrombeWallEfficiency.html (3089 words)

	NREL: High Performance Buildings Research - Trombe Walls
		A typical Trombe wall consists of an 8- to 16-inch-thick masonry wall coated with a dark, heat-absorbing material and faced with a single or double layer of glass.
		Properly sized overhangs shade the Trombe wall during the summer when the sun is high in the sky.
		Shading the Trombe wall prevents the wall from getting hot during the time of the year when heating is not needed.
	www.nrel.gov /buildings/highperformance/trombe_walls.html (483 words)

	Essex 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The two Trombe walls are double glazed and are made of 12"x12"x16" flue tiles cast in concrete.
		Several cells in the greenhouse mass wall were left ungrouted to allow warmed air to be drawn down to the rock bin.
		This thermal mass wall weighs 25.5 tons and will thus store an additional 10,200 BTU/°F. The hot water system is of a type which maintains a head of air to replace the water in the collectors when solar collection is not possible thus preventing damage due to freezing temperatures.
	www.ecoarch.com /essex1.htm (1086 words)

	Ask Ken Column
		A Trombe wall (named for French scientist Felix Trombe) was developed in 1957 during a research project on ways that walls could store and release heat.
		When the vents are used, the heated air between the wall and glass rises to the ceiling and then flows out the vents, while the cooler air inside comes in the floor vents where it gets heated by the convective loop taking place.
		A Trombe wall is a great example of passive solar heating, with no energy costs for equipment and operating.
	www.ases.org /askken/2006/06-08.htm (802 words)

	Strawbilt: Passive Solar Design
		A trombé wall consists of a large area of vertical glazing in front of a wall of dense, heat absorbing material.
		The southern wall of the corridor is glazed.
		The northern wall of the corridor (the wall that separates the corridor from the computer room) is adobe brick with an adobe banco (bench).
	www.christdesert.org /strawbilt/systems/details.solar_passive.html (933 words)

	Starboard Solar House Plan
		The type of passive system used is the Mass Trombe Wall: a 12 inch thick vertical wall of solid concrete, two stories high.
		The 2-story single-glass wall is framed with steel rectangular tube columns for extra structural strength against the wind.
		All 3 upstairs bedrooms open onto a view down to the 1st floor, which is nice enough perhaps in itself but the main purpose is to allow mild solar heat from the Trombe wall to rise into the bedrooms, then return downstairs via the cooler north side stairway, a natural convection loop.
	www.dreamgreenhomes.com /plans/starboard.htm???? (338 words)

	Smart Stuff. The world's smartest gadgets, inventions and ideas.
		Such a wall is called a Trombe wall.
		Using a Trombe wall could be a way to take advantage of solar energy without installing solar panels.
		In short, the idea is that the concrete or brick wall stores the heat during the day, and releases it during the night.
	www.smartstuff.se /pages/engelska/eng_apr_06_4.asp (993 words)

	Clarence Environment Centre Autumn 2003 Newsletter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is part of the house walling of double solid brick and usually 2 metres high.
		The wall is heated only in winter as it is designed so that no sun falls on it in summer.
		Variants are a hollow cavity brick wall, the heated air from between the two walls being circulated at floor level via vets and a small fan or under the floor via ducts.
	www.cec.org.au /newsletter_2003autumn_solarheat.htm (708 words)

	Residential Solar Heating Retrofits
		It may also be possible to convert an existing, south-facing masonry wall to an effective solar collector or "Trombe Wall." All three methods allow solar radiation through south-facing "glazing," where it is absorbed in dense materials (thermal mass) such as water, masonry, or concrete to store the heat for long periods.
		An existing south-facing high-mass wall could be converted to a Trombe wall by adding glazing to the exterior surface with a gap of 3 to 8 inches (8 to 20 cm) between the glazing and the wall surface.
		Before adding a Trombe wall, you or your building contractor should calculate what the new load will be and make sure that the house will meet or surpass load guidelines set by local building codes.
	www.bobvila.com /HowTo_Library/Residential_Solar_Heating_Retrofits-Solar_Heating-A1935-2.html (936 words)

	Colin's Passive Solar Page
		Trombe wall systems, also known as indirect gain systems, use the same principle as direct gain systems, but instead of directly heating the occupied space, heat from the sun is collected by the storage mass which it then transfers to the space.
		During the day, openings in the Trombe wall allow heated air from the cavity to flow into the room and cool air from the room to flow into the cavity where it is heated.
		Often, a curtain is pulled across between the storage wall and the glazing to prevent loss of heat to the outside.
	www.arch.mcgill.ca /prof/sijpkes/arch304/winter2001/cszasz/passive_solar (658 words)

	Trombe Wall Essentials, Advantages, Disadvantages, Related Sites
		A thick (e.g.) masonry wall designed to absorb the sun's energy during the day, store it, and radiate heat evenly during the night or first overcast day in the winter.
		If either eutectic or para-tetic salts were included in the Trombe wall, this could add significantly to the stored energy – obtaining up to 80,000 calories per kg stored as part of the phase change from solid to liquid.
		The wall radiates in the infrared, which does not pass through glass.
	www.allanstime.com /SolarHome/Trombe_Wall/index.html (367 words)

	Trombe Walls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Overhangs may be used to prevent heat collection during summer months, and some Trombe walls designs allow the air heated between the glass and the thermal mass to enter the home.
		Note the overhang above the Trombe wall; as the sun climbs higher during the summer months, the Trombe wall is largely shaded and does not collect heat.
		These walls also use convection by allowing the air trapped between the glass and the thermal mass to enter the living space at night.
	www.wecktech.com /trombe.htm (229 words)

	Gaiam - The Passive Solar Concept
		A French engineer named Felix Trombe is credited with the simple idea of building a solar collector comprising a south-facing glass wall with an air space between it and a flened concrete wall.
		The Trombe wall is the "Model A" of passive solar design; that is, it is elegant in its simplicity and dependability, but has been largely supplanted by improved modern techniques.
		The mark closest to the south wall was made at the summer solstice, and the mark farthest from the wall was made at the winter solstice.
	www.gaiam.com /retail/gai_content/learn/gai_learnArticle.asp?article_id=1290 (1399 words)

	Solar greenhouse and Trombe Wall
		A Trombe Wall is fairly easy to build with common construction materials such as plywood and 1x4's.
		This Trombe Wall is made with a 4x8 sheet of quarter inch plywood and two 1x4x8's.
		The back of the Trombe Wall is of course painted fl to change visible sunlight into heat.
	www.jc-solarhomes.com /fair/solar_greenhouse.htm (525 words)

	Forums - Modeling Trombe Walls (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Can Energy 10 be used for modeling Trombe Wall passive solar heating systems and if so how do I go about it.
		E10 doesn't not have an explicit thermal model for trombe walls.
		Several approaches may approximate the behavior of a glazed mass wall but should be checked against other tools designed to specifically model such building systems.
	www.sbicouncil.org /forum/printthread.php?t=124 (139 words)

	Trombe Walls
		Trombe walls are a form of solar heating which uses the natural buoyancy of air to circulate heat.
		The heat from the solar radiation is stored in the large thermal mass of the wall for long periods before being transmitted to room when it is required.
		A trombe wall can take several hours to heat up and also several hours to discharge its heat so it can be used as a form of nighttime heating.
	www.esru.strath.ac.uk /EandE/Web_sites/02-03/zero_emission_bldgs/trombewalls.htm (151 words)

	Trombe wall - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Trombe wall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Trombe wall - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Trombe wall.
		* Trombe Walls -- NREL page extolling Trombe walls, with no reference to heat loss issues.
		* Trombe wall efficiency -- explanation of the problem with Trombe walls.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Trombe-wall.html (543 words)

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