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Topic: Trondheim Toll Scheme

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	CONGESTION RELIEF TOLL TUNNELS
		Electronic toll collection was introduced to the entire Oslo toll-road network in December 1990 to reduce the need for toll booths, and consideration is now being given to introducing higher tolls during peak-hours and lower tolls at nonpeak times (congestion pricing).
		In retrofit applications, existing toll lanes are equipped with transponders, and users are offered the opportunity to rent or purchase tags for their vehicles, in order to reduce the time needed to go through the toll lanes (typically at no more than 15-20 MPH, because of the narrow width of the toll lane).
		Toll revenues were assumed to grow at a rate of 6 percent per year (composed of 2 percent annual traffic increase plus 4 percent inflation).
	www.reason.org /ps164.html (10282 words)

	Trondheim Toll Scheme - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Drivers in the Norwegian city of Trondheim have been living with a congestion charging system for ten years.
		More than twenty toll booths were built, closing off all approaches to the city.
		The intention is to remove the toll system, when the initial aim of building and improving the city's ring roads will have been completed and paid for.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Trondheim_Toll_Scheme (354 words)

	Trondheim Hotels
		Trondheim is located at the mouth of the river Nidelven, due to the favorable harbour and sheltered condition.
		The Trondheim Region is a statistical metropolitan region in the counties of Sør-Trøndelag (population: 207,401) and Nord-Trøndelag (22,710) in Norway.
		Lewis Trondheim (born December 11, 1964) is a prolific French cartoonist and one of the founders of the publisher L'Association.
	www.artistbooking.com /trips/208/trondheim-hotels.html (1085 words)

	Congestion Charging Encyclopedia Articles @ 216.92.11.26 () (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Schemes for charging trucks (lorries) in Germany by the company Toll Collect, and Austria are already underway.
		A revenue neutral scheme would replace (at least in part) petrol and vehicle taxes, and would be such that Treasury revenue under the new scheme would equal the revenue from current taxes.
		A congestion neutral scheme would be designed so that growth in congestion levels would stop as a result of the new charges; the latter scheme would require significantly higher (and increasingly higher) charges than the revenue neutral scheme and so would be unpopular with the UK's 30 million motorists.
	216.92.11.26 /encyclopedia/Congestion_charging (1523 words)

	Toll road
		Tolls have been placed on roads at various times in history, often to generate funds for repayment of toll revenue bonds used to finance constructions and/or operation.
		Tolls are paid in proportion to the length of the used section and according to the corresponding vehicle group.
		In some situations where the tolls were increased or felt to be unreasonably high, informal shunpiking by individuals escalated into a form of boycott by regular users, with the goal of applying the financial stress of lost toll revenue to the authority determining the levy.
	articles.gourt.com /?article=turnpike (6072 words)

	Trondheim - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Trondheim (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Trondheim was occupied by the Germans 1940–45 and used as a U-boat base, and the town was frequently bombed by the Allies.
		From 1152 Trondheim was the seat of the Archbishopric of Norway, but the importance of the city began to decline after the Reformation.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Trondheim (181 words)

	Road pricing (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A fourth aim, more applicable to rural areas, is to directly charge for any public bad that arises from use of a road, for example, charging more for use of roads that enable poaching, illegal logging, and even road accidents.
		New toll roads in a largely free system may be seen as punishing one area when others don't pay for roads.
		Proponent of pricing would counter the fairness or equity argument by stating that prices create choices, and choices are fair because people are not identical, sometimes people have high values of time (e.g when they are late for an appointment), sometimes they have lower values of time (e.g.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/r/ro/road_pricing.html (531 words)

	UK Commission for Integrated Transport \| Road User Charging Worldwide
		The Trondheim scheme ceased to operate on 31 December 2005 as the agreed tolling period of 15 years has come to an end.
		As 50% of the traffic in the city centre used to be 'through traffic', a toll ring around the city was initially introduced in 1991 to fund the building of new ring roads so that the heaviest traffic would not have to pass through the city centre.
		Toll prices go up during peak rush hours and there are two charging periods with differing rates - 6am to 10 am and 10am to 6pm.
	www.cfit.gov.uk /map/europe-norway-trondheim.htm (703 words)

	Roads & Highways: Tolls Roads
		Tolls for bridges and tunnels are considerably higher per kilometer reflecting both the higher cost of construction and the lack of alternative routes.
		In the Netherlands tolls are levied with the express intention of directing road users to other means of transport, both to ease road traffic conditions and to encourage use of the railways and inland waterways.
		Tolls vary across a country or region, because of the different costs of road construction through different areas, for example roads cut through mountains are likely to cost more to construct than those across flat open landscapes.
	www.worldbank.org /transport/roads/toll_rds.htm (8140 words)

	CONGESTION RELIEF TOLL TUNNELS (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Electronic toll collection was introduced to the entire Oslo toll-road network in December 1990 to reduce the need for toll booths, and consideration is now being given to introducing higher tolls during peak-hours and lower tolls at nonpeak times (congestion pricing).
		In retrofit applications, existing toll lanes are equipped with transponders, and users are offered the opportunity to rent or purchase tags for their vehicles, in order to reduce the time needed to go through the toll lanes (typically at no more than 15-20 MPH, because of the narrow width of the toll lane).
		Toll revenues were assumed to grow at a rate of 6 percent per year (composed of 2 percent annual traffic increase plus 4 percent inflation).
	www.rppi.org /transportation/ps164.html (10282 words)

	Trondheim (Norway)
		Trondheim is the urban centre of a commuting region with a population of 180,000 and is also the only city in the much larger South Trondelag County, supporting a total population of 260,000.
		Trondheim is a small city, but the traffic problems are much the same as in larger cities, though in a minor scale.
		Following the implementation of the Trondheim toll ring in 1991, there was a 10% decrease in traffic passing the ring both in the peak and non-peak charging hours.
	www.progress-project.org /Progress/tron.html (1717 words)

	T2000BC: road pricing
		Trondheim is the third largest city in Norway, with a population of 140 000.
		Toll rings were established earlier in Oslo and Bergen, but the expenses of collecting toll charges were prohibitive.
		This is Trondheim's claim to fame - the establishment of the world's first toll ring with automated toll collection, using "electronic tags" (transponders).
	www.vcn.bc.ca /t2000bc/debate/issues/road_pricing.html (1004 words)

	Congestion charging in Manhattan: Bloomberg proposal \| Cyburbia - urban planning community
		Well, here's the catch with the "just toll the bridges" idea: MOST of the vehicle traffic in Manhattan originates in Manhattan (according to page 142 of the plan's Transportation Tech Report).
		Tolling more bridges might be more palatable and could be a decent compromise.
		I said that the only things left to set up toll infrastructure on are 86th St. (or 60th St) and three East River bridges and because of that the logistics of it shouldn't be that big of a deal.
	www.cyburbia.org /node/460 (2449 words)

	INTRODUCING CONGESTION PRICING ON A NEW TOLL ROAD (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Trondheim has implemented electronic toll collection, and Bergen and Oslo are converting their manual toll-systems to electronic toll collection, as well.
		The planned toll rate of 13.8 cents per tollable mile, though considered high in comparison to what is charged on most existing toll roads elsewhere in the United States, appears to be lower than what the traffic would bear.
		The basic idea is to keep the off-peak toll constant at 10 cents/mile while increasing the peak-period toll by 10 percent each period, starting at 13 cents/tollable mile (slightly less than the currently planned flat-rate toll).
	www.rppi.org /transportation/ps150.html (5888 words)

	Road Pricing Takes its Toll (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The current worldwide toll road bonanza is not fuelled by some altruistic desire to prod George into hoofing it to the corner store.
		Unfortunately, the vast majority of new and planned toll schemes are unarguably horrible: they are big new roads built through undeveloped areas, and are controlled by private or quasi-public entities that try to minimize public accountability.
		The Trondheim Toll Ring is owned and operated by the government, and revenues are collected from existing roads only.
	www.web.net /~detour/tm/roadprice.html (1745 words)

	National Alliance Against Tolls - Road Pricing or Tolls Chimera
		It was claimed that the scheme reduced traffic (though it is difficult to se how the effect of the toll was isolated from improvements that were made to public transport and the effect of parking charges).
		The toll for crossing the cordon varies between the six cities, it is either 10 Kroner ($1.60 or 80 pence) or 15 Kroner ($2.40 or £1.25) or 20 Kroner ($3.25 or £1.65.
		As no one would normally volunteer to pay tolls, the volunteers were given an "endowment account", which was credited with the amount of tolls that they were expected to pay based on what was thought to be their previous use of the roads.
	www.notolls.org.uk /roadpricing.htm (9853 words)

	IngentaConnect The Experience of Urban Toll Cordons in Norway: Lessons for the F...
		Urban toll cordons are operated in three Norwegian cities (Bergen, Oslo, and Trondheim).
		Revenue from tolling has reached or exceeded expectations and projects financed by toll revenue have been completed on schedule and without major cost overruns.
		It is now proposed to extend the scheme and to consider toll rates differentiated by time of day.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/lse/jtep/2001/00000035/00000003/art00006 (195 words)

	Road pricing : Congestion charging
		Road pricing is a generic term for charging for the use of roads using direct methods, charging the users of a specific section of the road network for its use.
		Examples include traditional methods using toll booths such as turnpikes and toll roads, as well as more modern schemes employing electronic toll collection[?] such as the London Congestion Charge, the Singapore Area Licensing Scheme, the Trondheim Toll Scheme, and HOT Lanes[?] (such as SR-91[?] in Orange County, California and Interstate 15 in San Diego, California.
		It is in contrast to indirect charges such as gas taxes[?], or other types of taxes.
	jenson.fastload.org /co/Congestion_charging.html (515 words)

	UK Commission for Integrated Transport: Congestion Charging
		France and Italy) are used to motorway tolls, with charges based on the distance travelled on the tolled road.
		The disadvantage, when compared to the electronic methods, is that the charges are fixed for a specific piece of road or crossing, or for entry to a specific area; so they cannot relate directly to the level of congestion at the time.
		A charge to enter a city centre via toll booths is likely to cause unacceptable delay to drivers.
	www.cfit.gov.uk /ruc/factsheets/works (769 words)

	Edinburgh Evening News - Living just outside the cordon will take its toll (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Transport chiefs denied the move was designed to limit opposition to the road toll plans, which are due to take a major step forward next week when final proposals are expected to be given the go-ahead by the city council.
		A three-month consultation on the tolls is planned, followed by a public inquiry and a referendum as early as the end of next year.
		Cllr Burns said the Scottish Executive, which will have the final say on the road toll plans, has demanded that the council proves there is "clear public support" for the scheme before going ahead with its plans, but insisted securing 51 per cent of the vote in a referendum would be enough of a mandate.
	edinburghnews.scotsman.com /index.cfm?id=1002692003 (1571 words)

	Car Rental in Trondheim, Norway with Auto Europe
		Trondheim is a city of kings, the country's first capital, founded in 997 by King Olav Tryggvason.
		Auto Europe offers several pick up locations and a large fleet selection, so finding a car rental in Trondheim is both easy and economical.
		Let a car rental in Trondheim be your passport to the rest of Norway.
	www.autoeurope.com /car-rental/Trondheim-rental-guide.cfm?c=1335 (469 words)

	BBC - London - Congestion Charging - Other cities with charging schemes (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Durham, the walled cathedral city, is to become the first in Britain to impose a toll on motorists.
		Durham's £2 toll scheme will be more limited than the one to be introduced in the London, but its introduction is evidence of the value Durham places on the tranquillity of its cobbled streets and cloistered colleges.
		The scheme being proposed would introduce cordons at the city bypass and the city centre.
	www.bbc.co.uk /london/congestion/cities.shtml (1347 words)

	dersimdestani.info: Main_Page : T/TR/TRO (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Trondheim kommune County Sør-Trøndelag Administrative centre Trondheim Mayor (2004) Rita Ottervik (Ap) Area 341 km² Population - Total (2004) - Percent - Density 154,351 %/km² [www.trondheim.kommune.no] County Aust-Agder..
		It stretches from Ørland in west to Steinkjer in north, passing the city of Trondheim on its way.
		Municipality Population Area¹ Density² County Trondheim 154,351 322 479 Sør-Trønde..
	www.dersimdestani.info /browse.php?title=T/TR/TRO (10928 words)

	Encyclopedia Search
		Scheme Drivers in the Norwegian city of Trondheim...city.
		House Cookie was developed by Ruth...owner of The
		, shrewdly guessing that the king was preparing a revolution, almost forced...or squared To Toll
	www.encyclopedian.com /search.php?searWords=Toll (128 words)

	Vol. 31 No. 2 Summer Paper #2
		The Trondheim experience demonstrates how a crude road pricing scheme can be implemented in a moderately congested city while paying heed to democratic decision-making.
		Fair and democratic procedure requires that the planning include a responsive citizen participation process, that the political parties feed all the viewpoints of the main interest groups into the City Council decision-making, and that the public debate be open and admit all groups mass media coverage.
		Lessons from the Trondheim toll ring case are offered concerning (1) interests and coalition building, (2) pro and con arguments, (3) the viability of democratic procedure, (4) frequent forms of manipulation, and (5) main issues of design and revenue spending.
	www.advanced-transport.com /Vol31_no2_sum2.htm (133 words)

	Norwegian Coastal Voyage Package from Destination Oceans
		You'll arrive in Trondheim early this morning, where you'll have time to explore a town that is the jewel in the region's crown.
		From Trondheim, the ship will sail past many islands and skerries before arriving in Rorvik, where the southbound and northbound coastal ships meet.
		She has panoramic windows and the color scheme is done in blue and green, celebrating the coastal landscape.
	www.destinationoceans.com /Packages/Norwegian-Coastal-Voyage.cfm (1272 words)

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