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Topic: Tropomyosin

In the News (Wed 16 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	TPM1 - tropomyosin 1 (alpha)
		TPM1 is a homologue of TPM1 (tropomyosin 1 (alpha)) from Canis familiaris.
		TPM1 is a homologue of TPM1 (tropomyosin 1 (alpha)) from Gallus gallus.
		TPM1 is a homologue of Tpm1 (tropomyosin 1, alpha) from Mus musculus.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gg/92809.html (1622 words)

	Tropomyosin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tropomyosin is an alpha helical coiled coil protein dimer.
		Tropomyosin blocks myosin binding and hence crossbridge cycling in the absence of Ca2+ and the muscle Ca2+ regulatory element troponin.
		Tropomyosin has a lot to do with the sliding filament theory which relates to the contraction of the muscular system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tropomyosin (458 words)

	The Molecular Basis of Muscle Contraction Page
		Tropomyosin and troponin are known as the "regulatory proteins" of skeletal muscle.
		Tropomyosin is a filament that lies alongside of actin in the thin filament.
		Tropomyosin lies along the actin filament and, when the muscle is at rest, tropomyosin actually covers all of the myosin binding sites on the actin filament.
	faculty.etsu.edu /currie/muscmolec.htm (1137 words)

	Pfam 21.0 : Tropomyosin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Tropomyosins PUBMED:3606587, are a family of closely related proteins present in muscle and non-muscle cells.
		Tropomyosin is an alpha-helical protein that forms a coiled-coil structure of 2 parallel helices containing 2 sets of 7 alternating actin binding sites PUBMED:6993480.
		Muscle isoforms of tropomyosin are characterized by having 284 amino acid residues and a highly conserved N-terminal region, whereas non-muscle forms are generally smaller and are heterogeneous in their N-terminal region.
	pfam.janelia.org /cgi-bin/getdesc?name=Tropomyosin (292 words)

	Tropomyosin stabilizes... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Tropomyosin is postulated to confer stability to actin filaments in nonmuscle cells.
		Elongation from the pointed filament end in the presence of tropomyosin occurred at a lower free G-actin concentration, although the on rate constant, kappa p+, was not greatly affected.
		Furthermore, in the presence of tropomyosin, the free G-actin concentration was lower at steady state.
	www.uphs.upenn.edu /pmi/Abstracts/weberabs7.html (155 words)

	TSRI - News and Publications
		We hypothesize that actin-binding proteins associated along the length of the filaments (e.g., tropomyosin) are length-sensing components that determine length by regulating the capping activity of tropomodulin at the pointed ends of actin filaments.
		One plausible model is that tropomyosin may determine the length of thin filaments by binding directly to and activating the capping activity of tropomodulin at the appropriate length by a vernier mechanism with the actin copolymer.
		We are examining capping of actin filaments and binding of tropomyosin and are determining novel interaction partners that might regulate the activities of tropomodulin isoforms differentially in various tissues or during development.
	www.scripps.edu /news/sr/sr98/cbgen08.htm (825 words)

	Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Caused by a Novel {{alpha}}-Tropomyosin Mutation (V95A) Is Associated With Mild Cardiac ...
		troponin are abnormal in the presence of the mutant tropomyosin.
		with actin, troponin, and recombinant tropomyosin, and a biochemical
		A mutant tropomyosin that causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is expressed in vivo and associated with an increased calcium sensitivity.
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/103/1/65 (3766 words)

	Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Mediates Phosphorylation of Tropomyosin-1 to Promote Cytoskeleton Remodeling in ...
		Tropomyosins encompass a large family of actin regulatory proteins that are expressed by muscle and nonmuscle cells.
		induces a time-dependent phosphorylation of tropomyosin that is inhibited by inhibitors of the ERK pathway.
		the in vivo phosphorylation of tropomyosin in response to oxidative
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/4/1418 (7267 words)

	Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Thin Filaments Containing Mutant Tropomyosin -- Rosol et al. 78 (2): 908 -- ...
		Tropomyosin densities in both are associated with the inner domain of actin.
		In EGTA (b), tropomyosin is associated with the inner edge of the outer actin domain of actin.
		The locations of tropomyosin densities were determined by subtracting the map of F-actin (a) from those of F-actin-tropomyosin complexes and superimposing the resulting difference densities (filled fl) on the actin map (b, c).
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/78/2/908 (5837 words)

	IBD - Background
		Tropomyosin is a cytoskeletal filament protein and is present in all eucaryotic cells; however, different types of cells have different types of tropomyosin isoforms.
		Tropomyosin is involved in maintenance of cell shape, organelle movement inside the cells, cytokinesis...
		This particular protein appears to act as a chaperone protein to bring tropomyosin isoform 5 from inside the cell to the cell surface, where it is eventually released out of the cell.
	www2.umdnj.edu /cccnjweb/ibd.htm (2900 words)

	Dr. Chalovich
		This is a simple model in which the position of tropomyosin in relaxed muscle (low free Ca2+) blocks the binding of myosin to actin.
		This change in position of tropomyosin is also required for myosin in the force producing states (such as myosin-ADP) to bind properly to actin.
		Thus, while the movement of tropomyosin does remove a steric block, the effect on kinetics is that of a noncompetitive inhibitor rather than that of a competitive inhibitor as predicted by a classical blocking model.
	www.ecu.edu /biochemistry/Chalov.htm (3784 words)

	REGULATORYPROTEINS1
		Tropomyosin is a rod-shaped molecule (about 400 Å long and 20 Å wide) with a molecular weight of 65,000-70,000.
		Tropomyosin molecules are bonded head to tail (Fig.
		Binding properties: Tropomyosin has high affinity to actin, as evidenced by the difficulty in removing TM in course of actin purification.
	www.uic.edu /classes/phyb/phyb516/regulatoryproteinsu.htm (1063 words)

	Restricted Expression of the Actin-Regulatory Protein, Tropomyosin, Defines Distinct Boundaries, Evaginating ...
		The spatially restricted expression of TMs implicates that this actin-binding protein is involved in the dynamic regulation of cell shape or motility associated with boundary formation and morphogenesis of the neuroepithelium during critical stages of brain development.
		Tropomyosin immunolabels cells that are the forerunners of the choroid plexus.
		High molecular weight tropomyosins are expressed in cells that occupy boundaries between rhombomeres in the hindbrain from E10 to E13, throughout the period during which rhombomeres are present, whereas the neuroepithelium of the segments themselves exhibits no TM immunoreactivity.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/16/21/6853 (7475 words)

	Renal ischemia induces tropomyosin dissociation-destabilizing microvilli microfilaments -- Ashworth et al. 286 (5): ...
		With induction of 25 min of ischemia, tropomyosin staining was localized in the degenerating apical region (arrows) of the proximal tubule cells and in blebs (D, F, H).
		By 25 min of clamp-induced ischemia, the concentration of tropomyosin in the soluble and insoluble fractions was reduced.
		With the onset of renal ischemia, tropomyosin dissociation
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/286/5/F988 (4405 words)

	Alteration of Tropomyosin Function and Folding by a Nemaline Myopathy-Causing Mutation -- Moraczewska et al. 79 (6): ...
		Tropomyosin is a coiled coil protein that binds head-to-tail along the length of actin filaments.
		The stability of tropomyosin, a two-stranded coiled-coil protein, is primarily a function of the hydrophobicity of residues at the helix-helix interface.
		The structure of the amino terminus of tropomyosin is critical for binding to actin in the absence and presence of troponin.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/79/6/3217 (4773 words)

	Opposing Roles of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades in ...
		the tropomyosin 2 and 3 genes and with residues 102 to 337 of
		Tropomyosin (TM-1, -2, and -3) expression is not downregulated by sustained activation of Rho small GTPases.
		Tropomyosin expression is suppressed by oncogenic Ras transformation of human tumor cells and increased with azadeoxycytidine treatment.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/22/7/2304 (8156 words)

	Cardiomyopathic Tropomyosin Mutations That Increase Thin Filament Ca2+ Sensitivity and Tropomyosin N-domain Flexibility ...
		unfolding of the N-domain of K70T tropomyosin in the absence
		Indistinguishable results were obtained, regardless whether the tropomyosin was wild type (filled circles in A and B; solid line in C), K70T (open circles in A and B; dashed line in C), or A63V (squares in A and B; not shown in C).
		HCM mutations A63V and K70T prominently destabilized the tropomyosin
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/278/43/41742 (4322 words)

	[No title]
		Tropomyosins [1], are a family of closely related proteins present in muscle and non-muscle cells.
		Tropomyosin is an alpha-helical protein that forms a coiled-coil structure of 2 parallel helices containing 2 sets of 7 alternating actin binding sites [3].
		Muscle isoforms of tropomyosin are characterized by having 284 amino acid residues and a highly conserved N-terminal region, whereas non-muscle forms are generally smaller and are heterogeneous in their N-terminal region.
	www.ebi.ac.uk /interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR000533 (420 words)

	Effects of Tropomyosin Internal Deletions on Thin Filament Function -- Landis et al. 274 (44): 31279 -- Journal of ...
		Tropomyosins spanning five actins have 77 residues missing, and those spanning four actins have 119 residues deleted.
		Control and mutant tropomyosin binding to actin was determined in the presence and absence of troponin.
		Effects of the deletions on the free energy of tropomyosin binding to actin-myosin S1 (bold dashes), to actin (circles), or of troponin-tropomyosin binding to actin in the presence (diamonds) or absence (squares) of calcium.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/274/44/31279 (4449 words)

	Tropomyosin inhibits ADF/cofilin-dependent actin filament dynamics -- Ono and Ono 156 (6): 1065 -- The Journal of Cell ...
		Tropomyosin binds to actin filaments and is implicated in stabilization
		The third and fourth tropomyosin isoforms of Caenorhabditis elegans are expressed in the pharynx and intestines and are essential for development and morphology.
		Tropomyosin inhibits the rate of actin polymerization by stabilizing actin filaments.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/156/6/1065 (7473 words)

	N Terminus of Alpha-Tropomyosin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Tropomyosins are a family of highly conserved actin-binding proteins.
		In striated muscle, tropomyosin forms a complex with troponin which makes the regulation of vertebrate striated muscle contraction calcium (Ca2+)-sensitive.
		The first nine residues are proposed to bind to the carboxyl-terminal nine residues to form the "overlap" region between successive Tropomyosins, which bind along the actin filament.
	www-nmr.cabm.rutgers.edu /photogallery/structures/html/page8.html (248 words)

	Charged residue changes in the carboxy-terminus of {alpha}-tropomyosin alter mouse cardiac muscle contractility -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Nonmuscle and muscle tropomyosin isoforms are expressed from a single gene by alternative RNA splicing and polyadenylation.
		Three novel brain tropomyosin isoforms are expressed from the rat alpha-tropomyosin gene through the use of alternative promoters and alternative RNA processing.
		Developmental analysis of tropomyosin gene expression in embryonic stem cells and mouse embryos.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/556/2/531 (5398 words)

	Amino-acid replacements in an internal region of tropomyosin alter the properties of the entire molecule -- Sano et al. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The arrowhead on the horizontal axis indicates the molar ratio of tropomyosin to actin of 1 : 7.
		Moraczewska, J., Nicholson-Flynn, K. and Hitchcock-DeGregori, S.E. (1999) The ends of tropomyosin are major determinants of actin affinity and myosin subfragment 1-induced binding to F-actin in the open state.
		Chandy, I.K., Lo, J.C. and Ludescher, R.D. (1999) Differential mobility of skeletal and cardiac tropomyosin on the surface of F-actin.
	content.febsjournal.org /cgi/content/full/267/15/4870 (4511 words)

	Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Tropomyosin, a Major Allergen of Chironomus kiiensis, a Dominant Species of ...
		tropomyosin will be useful for further studies or clinical applications.
		tropomyosin was cloned from the cDNA library of chironomid adults.
		6 M urea is characteristic of tropomyosins (25).
	cdli.asm.org /cgi/content/full/11/2/320 (2692 words)

	Structure of the mid-region of tropomyosin: Bending and binding sites for actin -- Brown et al. 102 (52): 18878 -- ...
		the bending of tropomyosin on the thin filament.
		The N terminus of tropomyosin and the pointed end of actin are toward the right.
		These outer surface apolar patches are most prominent in period 1 and period 5, with functionally critical (see text) period 5 having four apolar residues in a row in its sequence (green rectangle).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/102/52/18878 (4858 words)

	Tissue-specific Tropomyosin Isoform Composition -- Schevzov et al. 53 (5): 557 -- Journal of Histochemistry and ...
		Bernstein BW, Bamburg JR (1982) Tropomyosin binding to F-actin protects the F-actin from disassembly by brain actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF).
		Vrhovski B, Schevzov G, Dingle S, Lessard JL, Gunning P, Weinberger RP (2003) Tropomyosin isoforms from the gamma gene differing at the C-terminus are spatially and developmentally regulated in the brain.
		tropomyosin is a marker of fully differentiated smooth muscle in lung.
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/53/5/557 (5422 words)

	The interaction of tropomodulin with tropomyosin stabilizes thin filaments in cardiac myocytes -- Mudry et al. 162 (6): ...
		The interaction of tropomodulin with tropomyosin stabilizes thin filaments in cardiac myocytes -- Mudry et al.
		Biotinylated tropomyosin (e) and recombinant Tmod1 (f) were reconstituted onto the ghost myofibrils (g).
		Effects of chemical modification, tropomyosin, and myosin subfragment 1 on the yield strength and critical concentration of F-actin.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/162/6/1057 (6599 words)

	Deciphering the design of the tropomyosin molecule -- Brown et al. 98 (15): 8496 -- Proceedings of the National Academy ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Tropomyosin holds a special place in the history of protein structure.
		-zones are implicated in the binding of tropomyosin to seven actin subunits.
		These two alternatively spliced tropomyosin isoforms are encoded by the same gene and are identical except for exon 2 (residues 39-80) and exon 9 (residues 258-284).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/98/15/8496 (5198 words)

	Spatial regulation of actin dynamics: a tropomyosin-free, actin-rich compartment at the leading edge -- DesMarais et ...
		Tropomyosin is absent from regions of the leading edge that contain a dense F-actin network.
		Tropomyosin is not associated with the free barbed ends of growing actin filaments at the leading edge in resting and EGF-stimulated MTLn3 cells.
		Tropomyosin is absent from regions of the leading edge containing the Arp2/3 complex.
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/115/23/4649 (7326 words)

	IngentaConnect cDNA cloning and thermodynamic properties of tropomyosin from wal... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The predicted mass was 32 588 Da and isoelectric point, 4.55, assuming acetylation of the N-terminus.
		In phylogenetic analysis, walleye pollack tropomyosin showed the closest relationship with the Atlantic salmon counterpart.
		By differential scanning calorimetry, pollack tropomyosin gave only one major endothermic peak at around 44°C. Circular dichroism spectra supported this denaturation profile of pollack tropomyosin.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/fis/2003/00000069/00000005/art00023 (246 words)

	tropomyosin, Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Literature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Biancone L, Palmieri G, Lombardi A, Colantoni A, Tonelli F, Das KM, Pallone F 2003 Tropomyosin expression in the ileal pouch: a relationship with the development of pouchitis in ulcerative colitis.
		Dalby-Payne JR, O'Loughlin EV, Gunning P 2003 Polarization of specific tropomyosin isoforms in gastrointestinal epithelial cells and their impact on CFTR at the apical surface.
		Sung LA, Gao KM, Yee LJ, Temm-Grove CJ, Helfman DM, Lin JJ, Mehrpouryan M 2000 Tropomyosin isoform 5b is expressed in human erythrocytes: implications of tropomodulin-TM5 or tropomodulin-TM5b complexes in the protofilament and hexagonal organization of membrane skeletons.
	home.insightbb.com /~rhodesdavid/tropom.htm (1344 words)

	Smooth Muscle-specific {alpha} Tropomyosin Is a Marker of Fully Differentiated Smooth Muscle in Lung -- Vrhovski et al. ...
		Smooth Muscle-specific {alpha} Tropomyosin Is a Marker of Fully Differentiated Smooth Muscle in Lung -- Vrhovski et al.
		Tropomyosin (Tm) is one of the major components of smooth muscle.
		Ratajska A, Zarska M, Quensel C, Kramer J (2001) Differentiation of the smooth muscle cell phenotypes during embryonic development of coronary vessels in the rat.
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/53/7/875 (3626 words)

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