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	Tsiolkovsky rocket equation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tsiolkovsky's rocket equation, named after Konstantin Tsiolkovsky who independently derived it, considers the principle of a rocket: a device that can apply an acceleration to itself (a thrust) by expelling part of its mass with high speed in the opposite direction, due to the conservation of momentum.
		This equation was independently derived by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky towards the end of the 19th century and is widely known under this name.
		Thus the specific energy gain of the rocket in any small time interval is the energy gain of the rocket including the remaining fuel, divided by its mass, where the energy gain is equal to the energy produced by the fuel minus the energy gain of the reaction mass.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tsiolkovsky_rocket_equation (1466 words)

	Top Literature - Rocket
		A rocket is a vehicle, missile or aircraft which obtains thrust by the reaction to the ejection of fast moving exhaust gas from within a rocket engine.
		Rockets must be used when there is no other substance (land, water, or air) or force (gravity, magnetism, light) that a vehicle may employ for propulsion, such as in space.
		Rockets became extremely military important in the form of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) when it was realised that nuclear weapons carried on a rocket vehicle were essentially not defensible against once launched, and they became the delivery platform of choice for these weapons.
	encyclopedia.topliterature.com /?title=Rocket (2803 words)

	Konstantin Tsiolkovsky - One Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky (Konstanty Ciołkowski), (Константин Эдуардович Циолковский; September 5, 1857 new style – September 19, 1935) was a Russian of Polish ancestry, rocket scientist and pioneer of cosmonautics.
		His work influenced later rocketeers throughout Europe, and was also studied by the Americans in the 1950s and 1960s as they sought to understand the Soviet Union's early successes in space flight.
		Tsiolkovsky also delved into theories of heavier-than-air flying machines, independently working through many of the same calculations that the Wright brothers were doing at the same time.
	www.onelang.com /encyclopedia/index.php/Konstantin_Tsiolkovsky (529 words)

	Rocket: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Rockets are also used for deceleration, to transfer to a lower-energy orbit, for example to enter into a circular orbit from outside, to de-orbit for landing (landing: The act of coming down to the earth (or other surface)), for the whole landing if there is no atmosphere (e.g.
		Rockets where the heat is supplied from other than the propellent, such as steam rockets, are classed as external combustion engines (external combustion engines: an external combustion engine is an engine which burns its fuel to heat a separate...
		Rockets must be used when there is no other substance (land, water, or air) or force (gravity, magnetism, light) that a vehicle (vehicle: A conveyance that transports people or objects) may employ for propulsion, such as in space.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/rocket (2762 words)

	Tsiolkovsky
		Tsiolkovsky later remembered that his hearing loss influenced greatly his future life: during all his life he tried to prove to himself and to others that he was better and more clever than others, even with his disability.
		Tsiolkovsky was certain that the future of human life will be in outer space, so he deceded that we must study the cosmos to pave the way for future generations.
		Tsiolkovsky was very much as interested in the philosophy of space as he was with the engineering needed to make space flight possible.
	www.informatics.org /museum/tsiol.html (2013 words)

	EBTX - The Rocket Equation-Tsiolkovsky and Interplanetary Space Travel
		This equation (and variations) has stood the test of time and experience and should be applicable to all rocket type situations wherein the astronauts take their fuel along with them and use it to "push off of".
		Since the rocket "burn" is even and continuous, we can average the whole mass of exhaust as 75% of light velocity (for every bit going at 80% there is a corresponding bit going at 70%).
		Fuel is fed to the rockets through tubes running the length of the tether originating from a tanker stationary at the point of rotation of the entire apparatus.
	ebtx.com /mars/rocketeq.htm (1615 words)

	Rocket - Voyager, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		These rockets can be fired by ground-attack aircraft at fixed targets such as buildings, or can be launched by ground forces at other ground targets.
		At the end of the 18th century, rockets were successfully used militarily in India against the British by Tipu Sultan of the Kingdom of Mysore during the first Mysore War.
		Rockets became extremely military important in the form of ICBMs when it was realised that nuclear weapons carried on a rocket vehicle were essentially not defensible against once launched, and they became the delivery platform of choice for these weapons.
	www.voyager.in /Rocket (2856 words)

	Tsiolkovsky Rocket Equation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		AP - The launch of a rocket carrying a pair of NASA satellites was delayed until Saturday because of a communications problem.
		Tsiolkovsky's rocket equation, named after Konstantin Tsiolkovsky who independently derived it, considers the principle of a rocket: a device that...
		Tsiolkovsky's rocket equation, named after Konstantin Tsiolkovsky who first derived it, considers the principle of a rocket: a device that can apply...
	www.tsiolkovskyrocketequation.info (571 words)

	Rocket Propulsion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The thrust force of a rocket motor is the reaction experienced by the motor structure due to ejection of the high velocity matter.
		The rocket and fuel have a total mass M and the combination is moving with velocity v as seen from a particular frame of reference.
		The equation expresses that, when a particle is acted upon by a force F during a given time interval, the final momentum p2 of the particle may be obtained by adding its initial momentum p1 and the impulse of the force F during the interval of time.
	www.braeunig.us /space/propuls.htm (4925 words)

	Tsiolkovsky's equation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		where m 0 is the initial total mass, and m 1 the final total mass and v e the velocity of the rocket exhaust with respect to the rocket (the specific impulse, or, if measured in time, that multiplied by gravity-on-Earth acceleration).
		Clearly, to achieve a large delta-v, either m 0 must be huge (growing exponentially as delta-v rises), or m 1 must be tiny, or v must be very high, or some combination of all of these.
		In practice, this has been achieved by using very large rockets (increasing m 0), with multiple stages (decreasing m 1), and rockets with very high exhaust velocities.
	equation.net.ru (553 words)

	Spacecraft propulsion - ExampleProblems
		All current spacecraft use chemical rocket engines (bipropellant or solid-fuel) for launch, though some (such as the Pegasus rocket and SpaceShipOne) have used air-breathing engines on their first stage.
		The speed ratio of a rocket nozzle is mostly determined by its area expansion ratio—the ratio of the area of the throat to the area at the exit.
		Rockets emitting plasma can potentially carry out reactions inside a magnetic bottle and release the plasma via a magnetic nozzle, so that no solid matter need come in contact with the plasma.
	exampleproblems.com /wiki/index.php/Spacecraft_propulsion (3214 words)

	The Foundations of the Space Age
		Here he first outlined his theory of spaceflight and published the basic equation for reaching space by rocket that is still known to students as the "Tsiolkovsky Equation".
		Tsiolkovsky described the effects of living under zero gravity in space rockets, and considered possible ways of protecting cosmonauts from the high gravity forces of powered flight and return to earth.
		Tsiolkovsky suggested design of special launch ramps for space rockets - using a special ramp booster as the first stage of space rocket.
	www.astronautix.com /articles/theceage.htm (1031 words)

	[No title]
		Rocket technology first became known to Europeans following their use by the Mongols Genghis Khan and Ogodei Khan when they conquered Russia, Eastern Europe, and parts of Central Europe (i.e.
		X-20 Dyna-Soar, Gemini), including research in other countries, such as Britain, Japan, Australia, etc. Culminating at the end of the 60s with the manned landing on the moon via the Saturn V.
		Solar thermal rockets use solar radiation to heat a propellant.
	www.kisanji.org /default.aspx?modulo=wikipedia&arg=Rocket (2934 words)

	The Daily Princetonian - Next stop Mars: Professor to develop rocket prototype
		Tsiolkovsky's rocket equation shows that the more quickly fuel is released from a rocket, the less fuel needed to propel the rocket a given distance.
		In current chemical rockets, a slow three to four kilometer-per-second exhaust velocity means that up to 70 percent of the rocket must be filled with fuel, Choueiri said.
		These rockets use up an enormous amount of fuel, all of which must be carried up to the satellite at huge expense.
	www.dailyprincetonian.com /archives/2004/09/14/news/10701.shtml (1069 words)

	Lecture #9: Spacecraft Trajectories
		The equation for a conic section with the origin at one focus appears at top right, where e is eccentricity and a is the semi-major axis.
		The values of the energy per unit mass on the circular orbit and Hohmann trajectory are shown, along with the velocities at perihelion (closest to Sun) and aphelion (farthest from Sun) on the Hohmann trajectory and the circular velocity in Earth or Mars orbit.
		The rocket equation shows why high exhaust velocity has historically been a driving force for rocket design: payload fractions depend strongly upon the exhaust velocity, as shown at right.
	fti.neep.wisc.edu /~jfs/neep533.lecture9.trajectories.99.html (1780 words)

	Specific impulse - Engineering
		For a chemical rocket the propellant mass therefore would include both fuel and oxidizer; for air-breathing engines only the mass of the fuel is counted, not the mass of air passing through the engine.
		The advantage that this formulation has is that it may be used for rockets, where all the reaction mass is carried onboard, as well as aeroplanes, where most of the reaction mass is taken from the atmosphere.
		A rocket must carry all its fuel with it, so the mass of the unburned fuel must be accelerated along with the rocket itself.
	engineering.wikia.com /wiki/Specific_impulse (1910 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Tsiolkovsky rocket equation
		Tsiolkovsky, Konstantin Eduardovich: vision of rocket to the moon
		Tsiolkovsky, Konstantin Eduardovich (1857-1935), Russian scientist and inventor, a pioneer in rocket and space research.
		Rocket, self-propelled device that carries its own fuel, as well as the oxygen, or other chemical agent, needed to burn its fuel.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=Tsiolkovsky+rocket+equation (166 words)

	Rocket Encyclopedia Article @ UltraTopSecret.com (Ultra Top Secret) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In 1932, the Reichswehr (which in 1935 became the Wehrmacht) began to take an interest in rocketry.
		Independently, research continued in the Soviet Union under the leadership of Sergei Korolev.
		Culminating at the end of the 60s with the manned landing on the moon via the Saturn V.
	www.ultratopsecret.com /encyclopedia/Rocket (1998 words)

	[No title]
		It accurately described the state of weightlessness and the theoretical function of rockets in a vacuum.
		Robert Goddard's pioneering efforts eventually led to 214 patents for rocket components, as well as the development of the fundamental concepts for all liquid-fueled rockets, which propel vehicles such as the space shuttle.
		This was quite fortunate for the Americans as these German scientists were the most advanced group of rocket and rocket engine developers and the advancing Russians were eager to get their hands on them.
	www.frc.ri.cmu.edu /~trey/space_ex/scratch.txt (3519 words)

	History and Development of the Rocket Engine
		solid fuel rocket, the fuel is burned, providing the energy, and the reaction products are allowed to flow out the back, providing the reaction mass.
		Smart 1 more than a year to reach the Moon, while with a chemical rocket it takes a few days.
		The speed ratio of a rocket nozzle is mostly determined by it's area expansion ratio- this is the ratio of the area of the throat to the area at the exit.
	www.edinformatics.com /inventions_inventors/rocket_engine.htm (3031 words)

	rocket equation
		First derived by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky in 1895 for straight-line rocket motion with constant exhaust velocity, it is also valid for elliptical trajectories with only initial and final impulses.
		The rocket equation, which can be obtained from Newton’s laws of motion, shows why high effective exhaust velocity has historically been a crucial factor in rocket design: the payload ratio depends strongly upon the effective exhaust velocity.
		In its simplest form the rocket equation can be written as:
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/R/rocket_equation.html (206 words)

	Re: Is a 'dry' compressed -air rocket feasible?
		Rockets fly because mass gets expelled at high velocity from one end - the larger the mass and the higher the velocity - the better.
		http://search.biography.com/cgi-bin/frameit.cgi?p=http%3A//search.biography.com/print_record.pl%3Fid%3D11907 Basically, compressed air rocket would not work too well because the reactive mass would be too small relative to the mass of the rocket itself.
		Water-air rockets work so well because they use relatively heavy liquid as their reaction mass.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/feb2001/983208951.Eg.r.html (112 words)

	www.romiposniak.8k.com
		In 1903, high school mathematics teacher Konstantin Tsiolkovsky (1857-1935) published (The Exploration of Cosmic Space by Means of Reaction Motors), the first serious scientific work on space travel.
		Modern rockets were born when, after receiving a grant in 1917 from the Smithsonian Institution, Robert Goddard attached a de Laval nozzle to a rocket engine's combustion chamber, doubling the thrust and enormously raising the efficiency, giving the real possibility of practical space travel.
		There the same rockets which would have been destined to rain down on Britain had the war continued were used by scientists for other uses.
	www.romiposniak.8k.com /rom2.html (680 words)

	Infoplease Search: tsiolkovsky rocket equation
		(Encyclopedia) equation, in mathematics, a statement, usually written in symbols, that states the equality of two...
		(Encyclopedia) Development of Rockets The invention of the rocket is generally ascribed to the Chinese, who as...
		(Encyclopedia) Rocket Propulsion The force acting on a rocket, called its thrust, is equal to the mass ejected per...
	www.infoplease.com /search?fr=iptn&query=Tsiolkovsky+rocket+equation&i... (166 words)

	Homework Eight - Numerical Analysis
		Introduction to Numerical Analysis, Solving Equations, we learned how to solve one equation in one variable using the Newton-Raphson method.
		You are to write a program to determine the angle, and fuel load, for a rocket to hit a terrorist.
		It should then find by bisection on the angle, the location where the rocket lands, using bisection to narrow in on the terrorist.
	www.wiu.edu /users/mflll/225/done/ch05s02.html (1177 words)

	Tsiolkovsky Rocket Equation Encyclopedia Article @ LaunchBase.net (Launch Base) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Tsiolkovsky Rocket Equation Encyclopedia Article @ LaunchBase.net (Launch Base)
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	www.launchbase.net /encyclopedia/Tsiolkovsky_rocket_equation (738 words)

	Rocket Encyclopedia Article @ TellyTots.com (Telly Tots) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Work included regenerative cooling, hypergolic ignition, and fuel injector designs that included swirling and bi-propellant mixing injectors.
		While they could not be intercepted, their guidance system design and single conventional warhead meant that the V-2 was insufficiently accurate against military targets.
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	www.tellytots.com /encyclopedia/Rocket (1967 words)

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