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Topic: Tubules

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	Malpighian tubule system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Each tubule consists of a single layer of cells that is closed off at the distal end with the proximal end joining the alimentary canal at the junction between the midgut and hindgut.
		Tubules are usually bathed in hemolymph and are in proximity to fat body tissue.
		Hemipteran insects use tubules that permit movement of solutes into the distal portion of the tubules while reabsobtion of water and essential ions directly to the hemolymph occurs in the proximal portion and the rectum.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Malpighian_tubule (589 words)

	Regulation of MRP2-mediated transport in shark rectal salt gland tubules -- Miller et al. 282 (3): 774 -- AJP - ...
		tubules (12-14, 17), teleost analogs of p-glycoprotein, and the
		Tubules were isolated at 4°C using a modification of the procedure of Ecay and Valentich (1).
		rectal gland tubules exposed to sulforhodamine 101 (15).
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/282/3/R774 (4268 words)

	Drosophila tissue and organ development: Malpighian tubules
		The two anterior Malpighian tubules are classically described as comprising a distal initial segment and a proximal main segment, joined by a narrow transitional segment; the two posterior tubules, in contrast, were thought to consist solely of a main segment.
		None of the enhancer trap markers mark cells in the lower tubule or ureter, suggesting that the mechanism by which type II cells are specified respects the newly defined lower tubule boundary.
		Tubules also express the full complement of genes encoding the Gγ subunit; the only G protein subunit that does not appear to be expressed in tubules is Gβ76C (Kerr, 2004).
	www.sdbonline.org /fly/aimorph/maltubls.htm (2994 words)

	Tetraethylammonium and Amantadine Identify Distinct Organic Cation Transporters in Rat Renal Cortical Proximal and ...
		membrane of proximal tubules is a saturable, energy-dependent,
		H]amantadine uptake by isolated renal proximal and distal tubules in the presence (KHS) and absence (CT) of bicarbonate at pH 7.4.
		Scholer DW and Edelman IS (1979) Isolation of rat kidney cortical tubules enriched in proximal and distal segments.
	www.jpet.org /cgi/content/full/290/1/295 (4826 words)

	Male Reproductive 3 Seminiferous tubules
		Several seminiferous tubules are found in each lobule, and interstitial cells are found in the connective tissue septa surrounding the seminiferous tubules.
		The seminiferous tubules are the exocrine portion of the testis producing and "excreting" spermatozoa.
		These tubules are lined by a stratified epithelium that consists of the developing spermatozoa and supporting cells (Sertoli cells).
	www.cvm.okstate.edu /instruction/mm_curr/histology/MR/HiMRp3.htm (368 words)

	SIU SOM Histology CRR
		The length of a proximal convoluted tubule tends to be several times greater than that of a distal convoluted tubule, so sections of proximal tubules are much more common than those of distal tubules in a typical histological slide of renal cortex.
		The epithelium of the initial descending segment of the loop of Henle is similar to that of the proximal convoluted tubule, and is sometimes called the pars recta of the proximal tubule (in contrast to the convoluted pars convoluta).
		The macula densa is a patch of densely-packed epithelial cell nuclei along the distal convoluted tubule, adjacent to the afferent arteriole at the vascular pole of the corpuscle from which the tubule arose.
	www.siumed.edu /~dking2/crr/rnguide.htm (4384 words)

	Embryonic Mouse Kidney Movies
		Throughout the 3-D volume, proximal tubules are solidly labeled by the lectin, while producing a checkerboard pattern in collecting ducts.
		The tubule located in the center is a distal convoluted tubule which, in contrast to the proximal tubule below it, does not exhibit heavy phalloidin staining at the apical surface.
		The TexasRed dextran is freely filtered into the kidney tubules, where it is internalized into endosomes of the proximal tubule, but primarily concentrated in the lumen.
	www.nephrology.iupui.edu /imaging/movies.htm (448 words)

	Sect. 2, Ch. 3: Transverse Tubules (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This process is too rapid to be due to simple diffusion of an activator substance from the membrane to the center of the cell.
		To accomplish such rapid cellular activation, skeletal muscle cells have a network of small tubules penetrating from the surface to the center of the fiber.
		Most tubules are oriented radially inward, transverse to the long axis of the fiber.
	www.lib.mcg.edu /edu/eshuphysio/program/section2/2ch3/tubules.htm (171 words)

	A conserved domain of alkaline phosphatase expression in the Malpighian tubules of dipteran insects -- Cabrero et al. ...
		and delineates the absorptive region of the tubule.
		ALP gene, Aph-4, causes misexpression of Aph-4 in the tubules;
		Lower tubule segments remain closely intertwined in tubules shown in E and F. Scale bars, 100 µm.
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/207/19/3299 (2505 words)

	Ionic diffusion in transverse tubules of cardiac ventricular myocytes -- Shepherd and McDonough 275 (3): 852 -- AJP - ...
		of transverse tubules (7), and excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling is mediated by structures residing mainly in the tubular
		the tubules), and D is the diffusivity of the calcium ion.
		Slow diffusion in the transverse tubules of cardiac ventricular myocytes (Abstract).
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/275/3/H852 (5892 words)

	Ectopic Expression of Bovine Type 5 Phosphodiesterase Confers a Renal Phenotype in Drosophila -- Broderick et al. 279 ...
		Tubules were viewed under UV light (Zeiss) and images captured with an Axiocam imaging system.
		A shows the mean basal rates of fluid transport of tubules treated as shown, although B show the maximum fluid secretion rate measured from stimulated tubules.
		Photomicrograph of a section of tubule main segment is shown, with drawing of the same tubule section for clarity.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/279/9/8159 (5611 words)

	Studies on the origin and structure of tubules made by the movement protein of Cowpea mosaic virus -- Pouwels et al. 85 ...
		and YFP conformed to the assumption that tubules are multimers
		FRAP analysis of YFP–Zm7hvr and 110–YFP–Zm7hvr in the plasma membrane surrounding the tubule and outside the tubule.
		coefficients in the plasma membrane surrounding the tubule.
	vir.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/85/12/3787 (5447 words)

	INVASION OF DENTINAL TUBULES BY ORAL BACTERIA -- Love and Jenkinson 13 (2): 171 -- Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & ...
		in narrowing of the tubule (Linde and Goldberg, 1993).
		In vitro infection and disinfection of dentinal tubules.
		Invasion of dentinal tubules by oral streptococci is associated with collagen recognition mediated by the antigen I/II family of polypeptides.
	crobm.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/2/171 (6903 words)

	The Chlamydomonas Mating Type Plus Fertilization Tubule, a Prototypic Cell Fusion Organelle: Isolation, ...
		Enrichment of fertilization tubules by fractionation on sucrose and Percoll gradients.
		fringe on the distal portion of the fertilization tubule.
		Elongation of the fertilization tubule in Chlamydomonas: new observations on the core microfilaments and the effect of transient intracellular signals on their structural integrity.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/137/7/1537 (8361 words)

	Identification of a potent antidiuretic factor acting on beetle Malpighian tubules -- Eigenheer et al. 99 (1): 84 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The ADF inhibits tubule secretion with high potency: the EC is around 10 fM.
		i.e., inhibition of diuresis by the Malpighian tubules
		Results are shown as pmol per tubule of cAMP ± SEM; columns indicated as zero had an amount of cAMP lower than the limit of detection (0.6 pmol per incubation) of the EIA.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/99/1/84 (4428 words)

	Tooth Anatomy
		These are called dentinal tubules, and they originate from the inner surface of the nerve space and travel perpendicularly from their point of origin to the surface of the tooth terminating at the undersurface of the enamel, or the surface of the root itself in areas where it is not covered with enamel.
		The tubules contain tiny projections of cells that line the inside of the nerve space.
		The projections of the odontoblasts into the dentinal tubules are not nerves.
	www.doctorspiller.com /tooth_anatomy.htm (1952 words)

	Evidence for Production and Functional Activity of Nitric Oxide in Seminiferous Tubules and Blood Vessels of the Human ...
		Four different preparations each of vessels and tubules from 5 testes were incubated in the presence of 0.25 mmol/L IBMX with either 1 mmol/L SNP (a) or 1 mmol/L L-NAME (b) for 1 h.
		Seminiferous tubules are marked by T, the peritubular lamina propria by asterisks, and arteries by arrows.
		vessels and seminiferous tubules is a notable observation.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/82/12/4154 (4098 words)

	AMF-R Tubules Concentrate in a Pericentriolar Microtubule Domain After MSV Transformation of Epithelial MDCK Cells -- ...
		Detyrosinated microtubules codistribute with AMF-R tubules in the pericentriolar region.
		Distinct AMF-R vesicles and tubules are observed in the densely labeled pericentriolar region.
		the Golgi apparatus and AMF-R tubules in the pericentriolar
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/45/10/1351 (5047 words)

	The Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian tubule
		The Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian tubule provides a unique opportunity to perform traditional epithelial physiology, pharmacology and biochemistry on a tissue that is also manipulable with the unique power of Drosophila genetics.
		This page is hosted by the Glasgow Group, which concentrates on the molecular physiology of transport and cell signalling processes in tubules.
		This is a list of principal investigators (or group leaders) believed to focus their research primarily on Drosophila tubules.
	www.mblab.gla.ac.uk /tubules/tubules-www.html (190 words)

	Cytosolic-free Calcium Increases to Greater Than 100 Micromolar in ATP-depleted Proximal Tubules -- Weinberg et al. ...
		A coverslip with adherent tubules was mounted in a Dvorak-Stotler culture chamber (Nicholson Precision Instruments) and perfusion
		Flasks containing tubules in Solution A without probenecid were incubated at 37°C for 15 min in the metabolic shaker.
		Meixner, M.A. Venkatachalam, and J.M. Weinberg (1996) Contribution of actin cytoskeletal alterations to ATP depletion and calcium-induced proximal tubule cell injury.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/100/3/713 (7458 words)

	Bromocriptine Regulates Angiotensin II Response on Sodium Pump in Proximal Tubules -- Hussain et al. 32 (6): 1054 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		an increase in sodium reabsorption by proximal tubules.
		Proximal tubules were pretreated with bromocriptine (1 µmol/L for 30 minutes) alone and in the presence of domperidone (1 µmol/L) and then incubated with Ang II for 30 minutes.
		In situ hybridization evidence for angiotensin messenger RNA in the rat proximal tubules.
	hyper.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/32/6/1054 (3693 words)

	NDI Terminology - tubule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		distal convoluted tubule - A distal, rolled-together or coiled part of the ascending limb of the renal tubule (see below), extending from the distal straight tubule (see below) to the junctional (connecting) tubule (see below).
		renal tubule - One of the minute, reabsorptive, secretory, and collecting canals, made up of basement membrane lined with epithelium, that form the substance of the kidneys.
		thin tubule - Part of the renal tubule (see above) at the lower end where the walls are especially thin; it extends from the proximal straight tubule (see above) to the distal straight tubule (see above).
	www.ndif.org /Terms/tubule.html (309 words)

	Na+-K+ Pump Regulation and Skeletal Muscle Contractility -- CLAUSEN 83 (4): 1269 -- Physiological Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		lateral movements in the membrane or between t tubules and sarcolemma.
		Reconstruction of the t-tubular system over the whole cross section of a single muscle fiber stained using the horseradish peroxidase method to visualize the t tubules.
		may be residing in the t tubules (136).
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/83/4/1269 (6800 words)

	Kidney non-tumor
		glomeruli, tubules and interstitium, physiology, renal disease-general, congenital anomalies
		Proximal tubules: long microvilli, numerous mitochondria and extensive intercellular interdigitations assist in reabsorption of sodium, water, proteins, glucose, potassium, phosphate, amino acids; vulnerable to toxins and ischemic damage
		Nephron: glomerulus filters blood, filtrate enters Bowman’s space, filtrate enters proximal convoluted tubule, to pars recta of proximal tubule, to thin descending limp of loop of Henle, to thick ascending limb of loop of Henle, to macula densa (adjacent to glomerulus), to distal convoluted tubule, to collecting tubule, to collecting duct of Bellini, to calyx
	www.pathologyoutlines.com /kidney.html (3821 words)

	Review Glossary
		tubule that emerges in the cortical labyrinth; a number of these merge to form a collecting duct within a medullary ray
		a tortuous tubule of the cortex lined by cuboidal cells; exchanges sodium for potassium, reabsorbs bicarbonate, and converts ammonia to ammonium; houses the macula densa
		cell of the stroma surrounding the seminiferous tubule which produces testosterone; this hormone is important in the male for:
	medinfo.ufl.edu /year1/histo/glossary.html (6519 words)

	Cytosolic-free Calcium Increases to Greater Than 100 Micromolar in ATP-depleted Proximal Tubules -- Weinberg et al. ...
		Cytosolic-free Calcium Increases to Greater Than 100 Micromolar in ATP-depleted Proximal Tubules -- Weinberg et al.
		Cytosolic-free Calcium Increases to Greater Than 100 Micromolar in ATP-depleted Proximal Tubules
		degree of structural preservation of glycine-treated tubule cells
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/abstract/100/3/713 (449 words)

	Imaging of Insulin Signaling in Skeletal Muscle of Living Mice Shows Major Role of T-Tubules -- Lauritzen et al. 55 ...
		Khan AH, Thurmond DC, Yang C, Ceresa BP, Pessin JE: Munc18c regulates insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation to the transverse tubules in skeletal muscle.
		Burdett E, Beeler T, Klip A: Distribution of glucose transporters and insulin receptors in the plasma membrane and transverse tubules of skeletal muscle.
		Knudson CM, Campbell KP: Albumin is a major protein component of transverse tubule vesicles isolated from skeletal muscle.
	diabetes.diabetesjournals.org /cgi/content/full/55/5/1300 (4160 words)

	Seminiferous tubules - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		(Semeniferous tubules visible in center, but not labeled.)
		Seminiferous tubules are located in the testicles, and are the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of gametes, namely sperm.
		The epithelium of the tubule consists of sustentacular or Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Seminiferous_tubules (111 words)

	Localization of Functional Endothelin Receptor Signaling Complexes in Cardiac Transverse Tubules -- Robu et al. 278 ...
		Localization of Functional Endothelin Receptor Signaling Complexes in Cardiac Transverse Tubules -- Robu et al.
		Articles by Robu, V. Articles by Walker, J. Localization of Functional Endothelin Receptor Signaling Complexes in Cardiac Transverse Tubules
		Received for publication, April 28, 2003, and in revised form, September 8, 2003.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/278/48/48154 (4828 words)

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