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	Manas: Religions: Tukaram
		Tukaram’s father had inherited the position of mahajan, or collector of revenue from traders, from his father, and Tukaram in turn was the mahajan of his village Dehu.
		In so doing, Tukaram incurred the wrath of the Brahmins: not only had he dared to impinge upon the prereogatives of the Brahmins, who believed themselves to be the only true custodians, interpreters, and spokesmen of religion, he compounded the offence by writing in Marathi rather than Sanskrit.
		Though Tukaram’s place in the history of the development of Marathi is deemed to be inestimable, and he has been credited with being the single most influential figure in the history of Marathi literature, the body of scholarship on Tukaram outside Marathi is rather small, and translations of his work are woefully inadequate.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /southasia/Religions/gurus/Tukaram.html (636 words)

	Sant Tukaram
		The story of Tukaram (Pagnis) a poet-saint of the village of Dehu in the seventeenth century who holds villagers spellbound with his songs of devotion - although his wife Jijai (Gauri) scolds him for impracticality and tells him he should be a better provider for their children.
		Tukaram is also beset by Salomalo, a jealous priest who passes off Tukaram's songs as his and launches a variety of plots against Tukaram.
		Sant Tukaram made in the Marathi language is one of the highest achievements of the early sound period of Indian Cinema.
	www.upperstall.com /films/santtukaram.html (542 words)

	Saint Poet of India Tukaram.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Tukaram forces one to face the fundamental problem of translating poetry: beneath the simple and elegant surface structure of the source text lies a richer and vastly complex deep structure that the target text must somehow suggest.
		Tukaram himself believed that he was only a medium of the poetry, saying, "God speaks through me." This was said in humility and not with the pompous arrogance of a god-man or the smug egoism of a poet laureate.
		Tukaram is interested in a godlike experience of being where there is no boundary bet- ween the subjective and the objective, the personal and the impersonal, the individual and cosmic.
	www.tukaram.com /pages/intro3.asp (2908 words)

	Cover Story
		Tukaram began the management of household affairs and carried it to the satisfaction of everybody, till he was about 20 years of age.
		Tukaram’s second wife had been searching everywhere for her husband and when she found him in the hills, she brought him back to the house, but it was a different Tukaram from the one who had left her a fortnight earlier.
		Tukaram immediately began to pray to God to grant life to the child and sang an extempore song in the most earnest and moving terms possible, in which the whole audience joined with the most heart felt devotion.
	www.splendourindia.org /splen_may03/Tukaram.htm (2393 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Sant Tukaram (à¤¤à¥à¤•à¤¾à¤°à¤¾à¤®) (c.1608-c.1650), also Shri Tukaram, and colloquially referred to as "Tuka" (à¤¤à¥à¤•à¤¾), was a seventeenth century Marathi poet Sant of India, related to the Bhakti movement of Maharashtra.
		Tukaram, was a devotee of Vitthal (a form of Lord Krishna), the supreme God in Vaishnavism.
		Tukaram wrote in a special verse form called the abhanga, a run on couplet with three and a half feet with the first three rhyming.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Tukaram (934 words)

	Entering the landscape of a saint-poet
		Tukaram's world has exploded like a supernova, but its light still reaches us faintly, across the traffic, the smell of the sewer-poisoned river, the ripeness of sugarcane fields that suck the water from the earth.
		Standing at the river's edge as Tukaram must have done several centuries ago, looking out across the tarnished silver surface of the water, we are reminded of the various miracles associated with this compelling figure.
		While it speaks, conceptually, of a faith that survived social sanction and doctrinal proscription, its material form dramatises the dialectic between the transient and the eternal, between that which is subject to decay and that which is beyond the defilement of time.
	www.hinduonnet.com /folio/fo0109/01090240.htm (1523 words)

	Tukaram - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sant Tukaram (तुकाराम), respectfully referred to as Shri Tukaram, and colloquially referred to as "Tuka" (तुका) was a seventeenth century Marathi poet sant of India, with a very great stature in the Bhakti movement of Maharashtra.
		Tukaram was a devotee of Vitthal, the supreme God in Vaishnavism.
		Tukaram felt ashamed and embarrassed by his lack of ability to get enough food to save his wife's life.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tukaram (884 words)

	indiayogi.com - Indian Saints, Mystics, Philosophers & Gurus - Tukaram - The Heart of Marathi Devotional Poetry
		Tukaram was a poet saint with a very great stature in the Bhakti movement of Maharashtra, so much so that in the popular mind he is the very peak of that centuries long outbreak of love for god.
		Tukaram tried to make a living but it constantly distracted him from the inner life and he was naturally hopelessly inept at all his business ventures.
		Tukaram did not care; he was too busy singing about his beloved Vithobha to notice.
	www.indiayogi.com /content/indsaints/tukaram.asp (1263 words)

	Tukaram : Poems and Biography
		Tukaram was born in the Indian region of Maharashtra to a lower caste Sudra family.
		When Tukaram was thirteen, his father grew ill and the boy had to take on the responsibility of supporting his family.
		Contrary to the traditional Hindu model of receiving spiritual initiation from a guru, Tukaram was initiated in a dream by Lord Hari (Krishna/Vishnu).
	www.poetry-chaikhana.com /T/Tukaram/index.htm (288 words)

	Tukaram (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Tukaram was a bhakta by nature and farmer by trade and was likely born at Dehu near Poona in the State of Maharashtra where his ancestral home is still said to exist.
		Tukaram believed the body to be the temple of the living lord and idol worship and rituals had no meaning for him.
		The woman saint Bahinabai exclaims in one of her songs that "Jnanadeva laid the foundation, and Tukaram became the pinnacle".
	www.dabase.net /tukaram.htm (383 words)

	Sant Tukaram at Old Poetry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Tukaram was born in 1608, in the small village of Dehu in the West Indian state of Maharashtra to Bolhoba and Kanakai a couple belonging to the lower Sudra class.
		Tukaram's troubles started with the illness of his father, due to which he had to start supporting his family at the tender age of thirteen.
		Tukaram was married twice, his first wife Rakhumabai died due to starvation during a famine, his second wife Jijabai or Avali as she was called, was much younger than his first had been and had little patience with his devotion and for God and she nagged him continuously.
	www.oldpoetry.com /oauthor/show/Sant_Tukaram (378 words)

	Lives of Saints --- Tukaram (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		With his melodic abhangs that contain "indestructible truths" Gyanba Tukaram affixed the golden kalash to the Temple of Bhakti and the Varkari Sampradaya of Maharashtra.
		This kalash was placed on behalf of those that sow and reap the grain, that hammer and chisel away the leather, that pound the pulses, that lay the bricks for a dwelling, that sweep the dust away.
		Tukaram begs his Vittala to protect him with the vigilant eye of the tortoise over its young.
	www.ambahouse.org /tukaram.html (1544 words)

	Hindu Religion - Sacred Songs of India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Saint Tukaram was born in a small village named Dehu in Maharashtra in the year 1608.
		Tukaram was a contemporary of Shivaji, who was one of his admirers.
		Tukaram conducted prayer meetings, singing bhajans, to which a large number of people flocked and his fame spread.
	www.onlinedarshan.com /sacredsongs/tukaram.htm (193 words)

	The Poet Saints
		Mahipati's exuberant life of Tukaram is filled with details of village life in 15th century India.
		Tukaram's passionate poetry reflects the perfect union of spiritual and worldly life.
		Tukaram was a poet-saint whose ecstatic songs continue to inspire and uplift.
	www.bookstore.siddhayoga.org /Templates/frmTemplateM3.asp?SubFolderID=173&SearchYN=N (555 words)

	Kamat's Potpourri: The Path of Devotion: Saint Tukaram (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Married at the age of fifteen, Tukaram lost his wife and son who died of starvation in a famine.
		As a petty farmer and trader, Tukaram innocent of worldly ways, and was cheated and humiliated in dealings.
		His life is a favorite topic for Keertankars (reciters and story tellers in praise of God) as it is full of dramatic incidents of misadventures of an unworldly man. He spent much of his spare time in contemplation and studying works of Jnaneswar, Namdev and Eknath, other famous saints of his native land.
	www.kamat.com /indica/faiths/bhakti/tukaram.htm (688 words)

	Tukaram
		Her name was Jijabai (also called Avali), and she constantly nagged Tukaram and complained about his inability to hold a job and properly support his family.
		Eyewitnesses rushed to Tukaram's home and informed his wife that Tukaram was on his way to 'Vaikuntha' - the Abode of God.
		This was known to Tukaram, as evidenced by the fact that he never showed the slightest bit of pride or arrogance.
	www.dejavu.org /cgi-bin/get.cgi?ver=93&url=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.gourt.com%2F%3Farticle%3DTukaram%26type%3Den (987 words)

	tukaram
		Tukaram was born in 1608, in the small village of Dehu in the South Indian state of Maharashtra.
		Tukaram's problems only mounted; death of his family members and economic hardship seemed to plague him.
		This was known to Tukaram, as evidenced by the fact that he never showed the slightest bit of pride or arrogance.
	www.hssworld.org /homepage/html/boudhik/ekatmata_stotra/tukaram.html (5985 words)

	Beyond Devotion by V. Radhika
		Although there are not many written records of the tradition, historians credit Narayan Maharaj, Sant (saint) Tukaram's youngest son, with pioneering the tradition in 1685.
		After the death of Tukaram - who visited Pandharpur every year with a group of 1,400 warkaris - his brother Kanhoba and son continued the annual pilgrimage (wari).
		Folklore goes that Narayan Maharaj proceeded with Tukaram's palkhi from Dehu to Alandi, where he placed Sant Dnyaneshwar's padukas in the same palanquin and proceeded to Pandharpur.
	www.boloji.com /wfs3/wfs412.htm (986 words)

	Poetry Enlightened - Sant Tukaram
		His second wife Jeejabai was a capable but worldly woman who could not understand or appreciate her husband’s spiritual aspirations, and took to nagging.
		His life is a favorite topic for Keertankars (reciters and story tellers in praise of God) as it is full of dramatic incidents of misadventures of an unworldly man. He spent much of his spare time in contemplation and studying works of Jnaneswar, Namdev and Eknath, other famous saints of his native land.
		Singing and chanting of God’s glory was a surest path of god-realization to Tukaram.
	www.poetry-enlightened.org /auteur.php?id_auteur=31 (639 words)

	When saints smile - Deccan Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Tukaram was happy, thinking that if people had eulogised him it would have distracted him from God.
		Tukaram was equally at ease with his God, Viththal.
		Tukaram felt the best way to do it was to recite Viththal, Viththal.......
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/nov16/sh4.asp (994 words)

	Shivaji, Tukaram tete-a-tete in offing!
		The inauguration of the project this year has an added significance as it was 350 years ago that Sant Tukaram left for the heavenly abode.
		The entire project will be on a high hillock, along the Mumbai-Pune highway in sector 23 of Nigdi, at the boundary of the PCMC and the Dehu Road cantonment limits.
		The project is a marvel of its kind with the statues of Chhatrapati Shivaji and Sant Tukaram rising to a height of 20 feet.
	www.expressindia.com /ie/daily/19990710/ige10117.html (272 words)

	Accused granted anticipatory bail in derogatory passage on Tukaram
		Bombay High Court today granted anticipatory bail to Kunda Pednekar, the professor who had set the Marathi language question paper for HSC board exam (standard 12) containing the alleged derogatory passage on poet Saint Tukaram, stating that the accused's custodial interrogation was not required.
		While giving the direction Justice V M Kanade held that the usage of derogatory passage on Tukaram was an offence, but the accused Kunda Pednekar's custodial interrogation was not required.
		Public Prosecutor Mankunwar Deshmukh contended that the passage was not part of Tukaram's literature.
	news.webindia123.com /news/Articles/India/20060325/287868.html (274 words)

	Sahitya Akademi Award Acceptance Speech of Dr. Sadanand More for his Marathi book Tukaram Darshan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Tukaram Darshan the work for which I am awarded is a work in criticism.
		But I would like to add that it is a work in cultural criticism and let me tell you in and with confidence that I have not followed any critic or historian or thinker while writing this book, There was no paradigm which I could have followed.
		And this outcome was a rewriting of cultural history of Maharashtra, with Tukaram at its center.
	education.vsnl.com /tukaram/saaas.htm (548 words)

	SRUTI-India's premier music and dance magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Tukaram is considered the saint-poet of the masses of Maharashtra.
		Tukaram's hymns are noted for simplicity of language and directness of appeal.
		It attracts and touches the heart of a common man. Tukaram's poems are like flowing Ganga, it purifies everyone, (and) it is easily accessible.
	www.sruti.com /Sep05/bbook.htm (605 words)

	The Week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The citation hailing Sant Tukaram as one of the three best films of 1937 at Venice was gathering dust in a trash bin in Pune's Film and Television Institute of India.
		Long believed to be lost, it was recently handed over to the National Film Archives by cinematographer Sunny Joseph, who had found the green-colour document with ornate calligraphy in a dustbin at the institute during his student days in 1979.
		Sant Tukaram was the second of Prabhat company's trilogy on the saint-poets of Maharashtra, the other two being Dharmatma in 1935 on Eknath, by Bal Gandharva and Shantaram, and Sant Dnyaneshwar (1940) by the directors of Tukaram, which was released on December 12, 1936, at Mumbai's Central Cinema.
	www.the-week.com /24apr18/statescan_article1.htm (464 words)

	A procession of warkaris - Deccan Herald - Internet Edition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		After the death of Tukaram— who visited Pandharpur every year with a group of 1,400 warkaris— his brother Kanhoba and son continued the annual pilgrimage (wari).
		Folklore goes that Narayan Maharaj proceeded with Tukaram’s palkhi from Dehu to Alandi, where he placed Sant Dnyaneshwar’s padukas in the same palanquin and went to Pandharpur.
		The saints themselves in fact, belonged to different castes— the Brahmin Dnyaneshwar; the grocer Tukaram; the gardener Sawata; and the potter Gora Kumbhar are examples.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/jul242005/finearts117562005723.asp (946 words)

	Sant Tukaram (1936) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Sant Tukaram is a wonderful and magical movie about hope and faith in religion.
		This movie takes place in the forgotten 16th century, and tells the life of a poet named Sant Tukaram.
		Tukaram is a poor village man who has to overcome his obstacles within the village people.
	www.imdb.com /title/tt0028217 (382 words)

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