
	Where results make sense

Topic: Tulunids

	Egypt - MSN Encarta
		Tulun’s dynasty (the Tulunids) ruled for 37 years over an empire that included Egypt, Palestine, and Syria.
		After the last rule by the Tulunids, the country fell into a state of anarchy.
		Its weak and defenceless condition made it an easy prey for the Fatimids, a Shiite dynasty that in 909, rejecting the authority of the Abbasids, had proclaimed their own caliphate in Tunisia and by the mid-10th century controlled most of North Africa.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557408_12____53/Egypt.html (838 words)

	868-905. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		The Abbasids did not acquiesce to Tulunid autonomy, and in 905, after several attempts, restored their direct rule over Egypt.
		The Zanj, slaves of East African origin employed to reclaim salinated farmlands, rose in a great rebellion that laid waste to much of lower Iraq and put a strain on Abbasid resources.
		The Abbasids regained Egypt in a military campaign that ended Tulunid rule.
	www.bartleby.com /67/296.html (687 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Mersin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A fortification was put up around 4500 BC, but the site appears to have been abandoned between 3200 BC and 1200 BC.
		Afterward the city was part of many states and civilizations such as Hittites, Assyrians, Greeks under Alexander the Great, Seleucids, Lagids, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Egyptian Tulunids, Seljuk Turks, Mongols, Crusaders, Armenians, Mamluks, Anatolian beyliks, and finally Ottomans.
		Apart from its natural harbor and its strategic position along the trade routes of southern Anatolia, the city profited by production of and trade in molybdenum (white lead), drawn from the neighbouring mines of Coreyra.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Mersin (1213 words)

	Harun of Tulunids - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		30 December 904) was the fourth Emir of the Tulunids in Egypt (896-904)
		The Tulunid troops deserted, and the forces of the Caliphate were able to enter the Nile valley.
		His successor was the last of the Tulunids, his uncle Shaiban (904-905).
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Harun_of_Tulunids (157 words)

	History guide for Egypt by Hostelbookers
		He and his successors, the Tulunids, ruled for 37 years, during which time economic stability and order were restored.
		Egypt remained under the direct control of Baghdad until 935, when Mohammed Ibn Tughj was appointed governor and granted the title Ikhshid (ruler or king) by the khalif.
		Severe taxation, though, led to popular discontent, and the death in 965 of Tughj's second son, Ali, combined with famine, drought and political instability, opened the way for an invasion of the Shi'a Fatimids from Tunisia.
	www.hostelbookers.com /guides/egypt/114464 (174 words)

	Tulunid and Fatimid Dynasties in Egypt
		Ahmed Ibn Tulun, the founder of the state of Tulunids, named Caliph in Egypt.
		The rise of the Tulunid dynasty in Egypt.
		The rise of the state of Fatimids in Egypt.
	www.islamicart.com /library/history/tulunids.html (49 words)

	KacMac Syria Guide: History
		The Abbasids established their rule in Iraq, and Baghdad replaced Damascus, the seat of their Omayyad rivals, as the capital of the Islamic Empire.
		Ahmad Ben Tulun, the Turk, established the Tulunid State, which lasted from 868 to 906 A.D. During this period, Syria enjoyed a measure of stability and prosperity.
		During the rule of Mohammad the Akhshid, of Turkish origin, and founder of the Akhshid State, which lasted from 937 to 972 A.D. Syria enjoyed stability and prosperity similar to those it knew during the previous rule.
	www.kacmac.com /syria/history (1367 words)

	Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In 750 the Abbasids built a new administrative centre to the north called al-'Askar (the soldier) in reference to the troops stationed there.
		Over a hundred years later in 870 the semi-independent Tulunids established another city on higher ground to the north-east which was called al-Qata'i' (the wards).
		The last of the four cities which make up medieval Cairo was established a hundred years later by the Fatimids to mark the completion of their conquest of North Africa.
	www.routledge-ny.com /MiddleAges/islamic/cairo.html (731 words)

	Area Maps
		TULUNIDS and ABBASIDS II 877 - 935 A.D. Go to Next Date
		Khumawayh, who was an able statesman as well as a very talented general, scored a decisive victory over this army in a battle near Abu Futrus.
		After this battle the Abbasids abandoned for a time their attempts to take Palestine from the Tulunids.
	www.israelipalestinianprocon.org /Maps/877-700.html (326 words)

	Shaiban of Tulunids - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Shaiban was the fifth and last Emir of the Tulunids in Egypt (904-905)
		He began his reign after Harun was killed in a mutiny in 904 during the invasion of the Abbasid caliphate.
		After years of mismanagement, the emirate was beyond rescue - he was forced to retreat with his army to Fustat, where on 10 January 905 he surrendered unconditionally to the Abbasid commander, ending the rule of the Tulunids.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shaiban_of_Tulunids (147 words)

	Islamic History - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		On the other hand the local populations in the outer provinces rose under their chiefs and also became aggressive opponents.
		It is these developments that explain the rise of the Tahirids, Samanids, Saffarids, Buyids, Ghaznavids, Tulunids, Hamdanids, and other regional power groups.
		Dr Shaban also studies the rise to power in Tunisia and later in Egypt, replacing the crumbling rule of military dynasties in both provinces.
	www.cambridge.org /us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521294533 (352 words)

	Al-Qahira (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In the year 969, Egypt was ruled by a group of people called the Ikhshidids, who were the descendents of Suleiman al-Katib, the general sent by the Abbassid Caliph to reclaim Egypt from the Tulunids.
		The Ikhshidids had quickly followed the Tulunids' example and had quickly set themselves up as the more-or-less independent rulers of Egypt.
		The Ikhshids, unlike the Tulunids, cared little for the people of Egypt.
	inic.utexas.edu /menic/cairo/history/qahira/qahira.html (3516 words)

	Kingdoms of North Africa - Tulunids
		Ancient Egypt had long been controlled by the Islamic Empire, and first drifted out of Arabian Abbasid control under its originally faithful Tulunid governors.
		Ahmad built one of the oldest monuments in Cairo (at the time still called Fustat), the Ibn Tulun Mosque.
		The dynasty fell victim to the brief revival of Abbasid power at the beginning of the 10th century.
	www.kessler-web.co.uk /History/KingListsAfrica/EgyptTulunids.htm (61 words)

	Winne.com - Report on Egypt, New dimensions, new frontiers
		From the conquest in 642 AD until 868, Egypt was a province ruled either from Medina, Damascus or Baghdad, but from that time Egypt gained a sort of an autonomy when two dynasties, the Tulunids followed by the Ikhshids, ruled Egypt as a separate country until the Fatimids.
		The Tulunids ruled the country for 37 years, during which time economic stability and order were restored.
		Severe taxation and famine led to popular discontent and political instability which opened the way for the invasion of the Fatimids from Tunisia.
	www.winne.com /egypt2/bf05.html (4616 words)

	Conquest of Egypt
		Thus, al-Muizz made his farewell speech to Jawhar's troops on the eve of their departure from the Maghrib in which he greatly emphasised the political and religious policy to be followed in the new dominion.
		He landed at the ruins of the Tulunid dynasty (254-292/868-905) on 15th Shaban, 358/July 4, 969 where he was received with honour.
		In the same year, Jawhar dispatched a messenger towards Maghrib in presence of al-Muizz with the glad tidings that Egypt had fallen to the Fatimids.
	ismaili.net /histoire/history05/history533.html (1016 words)

	Post-Abbasid coins.
		The beneficiaries of this decline were the Tulunids in Egypt and Syria, the Sajids in Azerbaijan, the 'Alids in Tabaristan, the
		The Caliphate revived around 900 AD and recovered Egypt from the Tulunids and Iran from the Saffarids, but it declined again just three decades later.
		In the final collapse, the center of the Caliphate in Iraq and Iran was taken over by the Buwayhids and, to a much lesser degree, by the Hamdanids.
	users.javanet.com /j/-/j-roberts/postab.htm (398 words)

	Egyptvoyager.com: Islamic Cairo History - Tulunid Dynasty (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Nothing much remains of the Abbasid center of al-Askar (situated in the quarter now known as Sayyida Zeinab).
		Although most Tulunid buildings of al-Qata'i are also gone (the stone was taken to build the Fatimid quarter al-Qahira) the
		These two attractions should be a top priority for anyone interested in Islamic art and architecture, but visitors should bear in mind that appropriate dress is required for all mosques.
	www.egyptvoyager.com.cob-web.org:8888 /towns_cairo_history_islamic_tulunids.htm (285 words)

	Mosques (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		2.THE TULUNID PERIOD, 254 - 292 H. (868-905 A.D.) Ahmad ibn Tulun founded the Tulunid dynasty in Egypt, in 254 H. (868), after he had spent his youth at Samarra, near the birthplace of the art of the 'Abbasids.
		Among the monuments which remain from this epoch, is his great mosque, which is the masterpiece of the Tulunid period, on account of its vast area, simple planning, and its chaste and restrained decoration.
		The artistic and architectural movement consquently slowed down, and we cannot find any trace of its recovery until the Ikhshids took power from 324 H. (935) down to 358 H. Main Page
	www.alazhr.org /mosque_eu/13.asp (105 words)

	Architecture of Cairo
		Ahmad ibn-Tulun: A Turkish governor sent by the Abbasids who managed through cunning and superb organization to create a semi-independent principality in Egypt and parts of Syria.
		His descendants, The Tulunids, formed a dynasty that lasted for almost forty years (868-905).
		The new settlement built north of Fustat around the site of the future Citadel of Cairo by Ahmad ibn-Tulun as his capital.
	web.mit.edu /4.615/www/handout03.htm (357 words)

	Travel to Cairo City, Egypt (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Realising the power and influence of the Arab Muslims, who had also earned the support of the Egyptian peasants and townspeople, the viceroy of Egypt, Cyrus, decided to relinquish the Fortress to the Muslim army.
		The city subsequently underwent many changes of rule passing from the Abbasids to the Tulunids (responsible for the Mosque of Ibn Tulun) and then to the Fatimids.
		It was the latter who established what is now known as Islamic Cairo in 969.
	2cairo.com.cob-web.org:8888 (2293 words)

	Iraq (Mesopotamia) 500-1000 A.D. \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		New styles and techniques developed in Samarra’ are emulated throughout the
		Abbasid political unity begins to disintegrate and independent or semi-autonomous local dynasties (such as the Tulunids in Egypt) are established.
		Abbasid caliphate centered in Baghdad weakens further, several Iranian dynasties gain control in the eastern Islamic provinces, limiting
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ht/06/wam/ht06wam.htm (501 words)

	The Coinage of the Tulunids - Questia Online Library
		Publication Information: Book Title: The Coinage of the Tulunids.
		Choose a subscription plan to save tons of time, stress and hassle, and do better research, faster.
		Sign up for Questia's email newsletter and get FREE access to select featured books in each issue.
	www.questia.com /PM.qst?a=o&d=13957460 (102 words)

	Islam (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Chapter 5 - Cordoba (Islam Spreads to Spain, the Cordoba Emirate, the Cordoba Caliphate, the Taifas, the Berbers Take Charge, Granada)
		Chapter 6 - Cairo (the Muslims Arrive in Egypt, the Tulunids, the Fatimids, Saladin, the Mamluks)
		Chapter 7 - Istanbul (the Rise of the Ottomans, the Conquest of Constantinople, the New Ottoman Capital, the Ottoman State, the Growing Empire, Suleiman Takes Charge, Military Matters, the Ottoman Golden Age, Daily Life in Suleiman's Istanbul, Suleiman's True Love, the Final Years)
	www.pemblewickpress.com.cob-web.org:8888 /islam.htm (489 words)

	Amazon.com: The Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the 3Rd/9th Century (Princeton Series on the Middle East): Books: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The government in Baghdad was caught unaware, at a time when the Tulunids in Egypt and the Saffarids in the east were virtually independent, the Shiite Carmathians were threatening Iraq itself, and al-Mutamid, the caliph when the revolt broke out, was a poltroon.
		Fortunately for Baghdad, his brother al-Muwaffaq and the latter's son, al-Mutadid, worked tirelessly and successfully to crush the uprising.
		But why did the revolt drag on for so long?
	www.amazon.com /African-Slaves-Century-Princeton-Middle/dp/1558761632 (2367 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)