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	Tumbes Travel - Hotel in Tumbes, Tours in Tumbes
		Tumbes is the capital of the Department of the same name in the Region Grau.
		Tumbes is a coastal region in northwestern Peru.
		Tumbes Region is bordered by the Ecuadorian provinces of El Oro and Loja on the east; the Piura Region on the south; and by the Pacific Ocean on the north and west.
	www.alltravelperu.com /espanol/tumbes.htm (128 words)

	Tumbes Region - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tumbes is a coastal region in northwestern Peru.
		The Tumbes Region is bordered by the Ecuadorian provinces of El Oro and Loja on the east; the Piura Region on the south; and by the Pacific Ocean on the north and west.
		As of 2005, the Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática esimates the region's population to be 215,634.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tumbes_Region (1242 words)

	Tourism in Tumbes - Peru Contact
		The province of Tumbes is located in the extreme north western part of the country.
		Tumbes was a populated region well before the Inca empire.
		The Tumbes mangroves are the borderline for many species of flora and fauna associated with this kind of eco-system.
	www.perucontact.com /en/conozca/tumbes.php (606 words)

	Biodiversity Hotspots - Chocó-Darién-Western Ecuador - Unique and Threated Biodiversity
		Half of the region’s endemic species live on the Galápagos, including the rice rats of the genus Nesoryzomys, although the most recognizable mammal species in the archipelago is the Galápagos Islands fur seal (Arctocephalus galapagoensis, VU), the smallest of the pinnipeds.
		The region's most diverse reptile families are the Colubridae, the world's largest snake family, with 122 species present (16 endemic); there are also more than 40 species of the lizard genus Anolis in the hotspot (family Polychrotidae), three-quarters of which are endemic.
		Of the region’s five endemic genera, the best known are the marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus, VU) and the two threatened species of land iguana endemic to the Galápagos, the Santa Fe land iguana (Conolophus pallidus, VU) and the Galápagos land iguana (Conolophus subcristatus, VU).
	www.conservation.org /xp/Hotspots/tumbes_choco/biodiversity.xml (1236 words)

	ECS Travel, Peru Tour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The department of Tumbes is situated on the extreme northern coast of Peru.
		Tumbes has a great potential for development, given its beautiful beaches and year-round sunshine and sea breeze, in addition to the beautiful mangrove swamps.
		Situated 13 km north of Tumbes, 15 minutes by car, where small boats can be rented for excursions around the isles of Amor, Hueso de Ballena and Los Pajaros, as well as to a crocodile farm.
	www.ecstravel.com /tumbes.htm (558 words)

	Biodiversity Hotspots - Chocó-Darién-Western Ecuador - Overview
		From the Panama Canal, the hotspot extends south and east into the wet and moist forests of Panama's Darién Province, through the Chocó region of western Colombia and the moist forests along the west coast of Ecuador, and into the dry forests of eastern Ecuador and extreme northwestern Peru.
		Scattered throughout the relatively flat coastal plain are a number of small mountain systems that have fostered the evolution of "islands" of endemism within the region.
		In general, the hotspot can be divided into two major phytogeographic regions, the Chocó/Darién wet and moist forests in the north and the Ecuadorian/Peruvian Tumbesian dry forests in the south.
	www.biodiversityhotspots.org /xp/Hotspots/tumbes_choco (400 words)

	Realidad agraria en el Valle de Tumbes - Monografias.com
		El ámbito del departamento de Tumbes, de acuerdo a la clasificación realizada por Brack (1988), se encuentra en las ecoregiones del mar tropical donde se destaca la zona de los manglares y zona marina correspondiente a las 5 millas, Bosque Seco Ecuatorial y Bosque Tropical del Pacífico.
		De acuerdo al PBI regional de 1996 destacan como principales actividades económicas en el departamento de Tumbes las siguientes: el comercio, restaurantes y hoteles, que generaba el 31.6% del PBI; otros servicios, que aportaban el 24.3%; la pesca con el 12.3%; y la agricultura, caza y silvicultura con el 11.4%.
		Tumbes tiene como promedio un volumen de comercialización de arroz cáscara de 82,892.47 TM/año y de arroz pilado de 58,025 TM/año.
	monografias.com /trabajos16/agraria-en-tumbes/agraria-en-tumbes.shtml (5317 words)

	CPD: South America, Site SA41, Cerros de Amotape National Park Region, Peru
		Cerros de Amotape National Park is south of the Gulf of Guayaquil in extreme north-western Peru (3°46'-4°20'S, 80°50'-80°20'W), in the Grau region of Tumbes Department (Tumbes and Contralmirante Villar provinces) and Piura Department (Sullana Province).
		South of Tumbes on the Salina Plains is where the Spaniards led by Francisco Pizarro made their landing in 1532.
		Lemon, R.R. and Churcher, C.S. Pleistocene geology and paleontology of the Talara region, northwest Peru.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /botany/projects/cpd/sa/sa41.htm (3750 words)

	Tourism in Peru Tumbes Punta Sal Peru Information
		Tumbes, however, gains permanent presence during the Republic, because by limiting with Ecuador, it is necessarily involved in the unjustifiable territorial demands of this country.
		It is a natural beauty with labyrinths, inlets, and a refuge and food source for a numerous species of crustaceans, mollusks, fishes, and a varied bird fauna.
		At 5 km (3.1 ml) from the city of Tumbes, it is an archeological monument similar to the Paramonga fortress in the department of Ancash.
	www.artourperu.com /ENGTumbes.htm (863 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Tumbes-Piura dry forests (NT0232)
		The dry forest of Tumbes and Piura is an ecoregion that is home to the largest dry forest remnant in western South America and also has a high level of species endemism (Rodríguez 1996).
		This Tumbes/Piura dry forest ecoregion is located in the equatorial region of South American between the Pacific Ocean and the western slope of the Andes Mountains.
		This dry forest ecoregion spans the borders of Peru and Ecuador, and forms the transition from the xeric Sechura desert to the south and the moist and dry forests of the Andean slopes and foothills to the north.
	worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/nt/nt0232_full.html (1198 words)

	Tumbes, Peru
		Region: Peru > Tumbes > North Coast of Peru
		Tumbes is unique compared to the rest of the North Coast of Peru.
		Tumbes is lush and green, with palm trees and warm weather.
	www.planetware.com /peru/tumbes-per-tu-t.htm (169 words)

	Peru Tumbes department - travel directory - tourism guide
		Upon entering the Tumbes region on the northern section of the Pan-American highway, the traveler will be immersed into a world of two well-defined dimensions.
		Hidden from the world for millennia but ironically located only a few kilometers from the city of Tumbes, a small portion of pacific coast tropical forest is perhaps one of the last intact remnants of the exuberant forests that once extended from the south of Mexico to the north of Peru.
		Tumbes is at just at the border with Ecuador, another beautiful country in the Andes.
	www.traveltoperu.net /tumbes-peru.htm (1388 words)

	Tumbes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tumbes has its origins back in pre-Inca times when it was inhabited by a cultural group of natives called Tumpis.
		At its peak, its population is estimated to have reached 178,000.
		Tumbes was first discovered by Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro during the start of the Spanish conquest of Peru in 1528.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tumbes (235 words)

	Hotspots Revisited
		The dry forest region of western Ecuador and Tumbes and Piura in Peru is especially diverse, with habitats ranging from arid scrub and desert through deciduous tropical thornscrub forest and deciduous Ceiba trichistandra forest, to semievergreen C.
		The Tumbesian Region EBA, with 17 threatened bird species confined entirely to this EBA (such as the white-winged guan, Penelope albipennis, and the Peruvian plantcutter, Phytotoma raimondii), is considered one of the three EBAs most critically in need of conservation action.
		Current threats to the region are the same as in most other hotspots, and range from direct conversion of land for both large- and smallscale agriculture, such as banana and African oil palm, to climate change and elevated ultraviolet radiation impacting amphibians and perhaps other species as well.
	www.biodiversityscience.org /publications/hotspots/tumbes.html (1925 words)

	Rio Bravo Reptiles: Long Tail Boas
		The Costa region is a narrow coastal plain consisting of large tracts of desert broken by fertile oases and valleys.
		The boas from Tumbes, Peru are very unique and that was one of the reasons why they were described as a new subspecies in 1991 by Price and Russo and recognized as a valid subspecies.
		Since Tumbes is south of the Equator, its summer starts in Dec. Its rainy season is from February to May and remains dry with almost desert like conditions from June to November.
	www.riobravoreptiles.com /boas_long.htm (865 words)

	Birding in Peru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Many of these regional endemics are also Peruvian endemics such as White-winged Guan, Tumbes Tyrant, Rufous Flycatcher, Peruvian Plantcutter, but most are shared with southern Ecuador, for example: Ecuadorean Piculet, Short-tailed Woodstar, Henna-hooded Foliage-gleaner, Watkin's Antpitta, Pacific Elaenia, Ochraceous Attila, White-tailed Jay, Peruvian Swallow, Tumbes Sparrow, Sulphur-throated Finch.
		Birds of this region are all Peru endemics: Junin Grebe, Black-breasted Hillstar, Dark-winged Miner, White-bellied Cinclodes, Ancash Tapaculo, White-cheeked Cotinga, Plain-tailed Warbling-Finch, Black-spectacled Brush-Finch.
		This area has few regional endemics because it shares many of it’s species either with the region north of the Amazon or with Subtropical Amazonia.
	www.granperu.com /birdregions.htm (1294 words)

	CROCODILE SPECIALIST GROUP NEWSLETTER 164B (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The only justification for a crocodile farm in Tumbes is to generate animals for the recuperation of the local wild population, which is in a perilous status.
		The team recommended that no additional animals be captured from the Tumbes estuary and that the objectives of the operation be re-oriented toward functioning as a center for education, public display, and ecotourism.
		An existing PRONATURALEZA project for the sustainable management and multiple use of the mangrove ecosystems of the Tumbes region should coordinate activities with shrimp and fishing industry representatives to reduce the current negative impacts on the crocodile population and habitat.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /natsci/HERPETOLOGY/NEWSLETTER/news164b.htm (3084 words)

	Peru Guia de Parques: Zona Reservada de Tumbes
		The Reserve Area of Tumbes was established September 28, 1994, by means of the Ministerial Resolution # 0594-94-AG.
		It is located in the Tumbes region, and the Tumbes and Zarumilla provinces.
		The object of the Tumbes Reserve is to conserve and protect representative samples of the Pacific tropical forest, especially the flora and fauna which are on their way to extinction.
	peru.gotolatin.com /eng/Guide/PeruNationalParks/Tumbes/Tumbes-1.asp (340 words)

	Tumbesian region (Endemic Birds Areas of the world)
		The vegetation in this region is extremely diverse, with a large number of distinct habitat types (at least 18: Best and Kessler 1995) in an area which has remained climatically stable for long periods due to the influence of the adjacent ocean currents (J. Fjeldså in litt.
		A number of species are confined to the arid scrub and desert habitats of coastal Peru and south-west Ecuador, but although they are characteristic of this arid vegetation and possibly constitute a discrete area of endemism, most of them are found overlapping ecologically and geographically with deciduous forest/arid scrub birds.
		These assessments are complementary, and they present clear recommendations for conservation action that is urgently needed if a number of species are to survive in the long term, given the continued loss of habitat and the current inadequacy of forest protection.
	www.birdlife.org /datazone/ebas/?action=EbaHTMDetails.asp&sid=47&m=0 (1084 words)

	California State University, Dominguez Hills \| Newsroom
		Moore began working in Tumbes in 1996 with the support of the H. John Heinz III Charitable Foundation, beginning with an archaeological reconnaissance that recorded 36 sites.
		This project was the first excavation in the Tumbes region in four decades.
		Tumbes’ location on the borders of Peru and Ecuador have limited scholarly access to the area, according to Moore, who emphasizes the difficulty of obtaining permits to explore the region from both governments and his hopes to open lines of communication between their academic communities.
	www.csudh.edu /univadv/Newsroom/2006/DH06_RH05.htm (947 words)

	[No title]
		The Tumbes Mangroves include several endangered and endemic species.\par Among the 7 species of mammals recorded in the area, two are highly endangered: the Crab-eating racoon (\i Procyon cancrivorus\i0) and the Central American otter (\i Lutra annectens)\i0.
		Among these were the preparation of a map indicating the areas of mangroves adjacent to the TMNS and the study \ldblquote Monitoring of the land use changes in the Tumbes Mangroves ecosystem\rdblquote, developed by ONERN and Pro Naturaleza with the use of LANDSAT and SPOT images.
		At the moment, the area of Tumbes is characterized for its irregular beach tourism activity, which benefits only a small portion of the local population.
	www.iucn.org /themes/cem/documents/ecosapproach/esa_gbf_ramsar_peru.doc (1417 words)

	Tumbes Region Map: Contralmirante V — Zarumilla \| Peru Google Satellite Maps
		Browse the list of administrative regions below and follow the navigation through secondary administrative regions to find populated place you are interested in.
		Regions are sorted in alphabetical order from level 1 to level 2 and eventually up to level 3 regions.
		If you would like to recommend this Tumbes map page to a friend, or if you just want to send yourself a reminder, here is the easy way to do it.
	www.maplandia.com /peru/tumbes (636 words)

	History
		Some archaeologists say that the Tallan Culture extended from the department of Piura to Tumbes, and according to the French scientist Paul Rivet, it extended by the north from the province of Manta (Ecuador) and by the south to Motupe (Lambayeque).
		However, other researchers say that this region had its own culture which it inhabitants were called "TUMPIS" that dedicated to fish and to collect fruits.
		In 1532, Francisco, landed in Tumbes, he put in the beach "The Cross of the Conquest" which originated the actual name of this place of the "Caleta Cruz".
	www.angelfire.com /pe2/tumbes_peru/tumbes01.htm (170 words)

	Tumbes - Peru
		Tumbes is a city in northwestern Peru, on the banks of the Tumbes River.
		It is the capital of the Tumbes Region, as well as of Tumbes Province and Tumbes District.
		Located near the border with Ecuador, Tumbes has 94,702 inhabitants.
	www.virtualperu.net /cities_tumbes.html (41 words)

	Sullana, The Pearl of The Chira - What's New - Peru
		Its capital, the city by the same name, is 38 km north of the capital of the Region, in the beautiful valley of the Chira, bathed by the river with this name.
		The Park, whose territory is shared with the Tumbes Region, is surrounded by ecosystems, and is very close to the sea, the Pacific tropical forest and the Amotapes cordillera, presenting four biomes; very dry tropical forest, thorny tropical bushland, dry tropical forest and dry tropical pre-mountainous forest.
		The topography of the Park is mainly mountainous due to the massif of the Amotapes, featuring geographical accidents such as the Cerro Negro, deep canyons, cliffsides and gorges, with a warm, dry climate that freshens towards the east due to the increased altitude.
	www.enjoyperu.com /peru_travel_tours_information/enjoy_peru_whats_new/sullana-the-pearl-of-the-chira.html (1027 words)

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