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Topic: Tumor supressor gene

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	Tumor suppressor gene - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A tumor suppressor gene is a gene that reduces the probability that a cell in a multicellular organism will turn into a tumor cell.
		Unlike oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes generally follow the 'two-hit hypothesis,' which implies that both alleles that code for a particular gene must be affected before an effect is manifested.
		Tumor suppressor genes, or more precisely, the proteins for which they code, either have a dampening or repressive effect on the regulation of the cell cycle or promote apoptosis, and sometimes do both.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tumor_suppressor_gene (485 words)

	p53 Tumor Supressor Gene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		In all cases immunostaining of p53 within the malignant tumor cells was confined to the nuclei, and dysplastic epithelial areas also showed positive immunostaining in the nuclei of four cases.
		The p53 gene alterations are the most frequently encountered genetic abnormalities in human neoplasms, and their roles in the development of human cancers have been demonstrated in a wide range of tumors, including colon, breast, lung cancers and hematopoietic neoplasms
		It is known that wild-type p53 acts as a tumor suppressor gene, and suppresses the cell transformation, while the mutant alleles act as oncogene and favor cell growth.
	ams.cu.edu.tr /April2001Vol10No2/barlas.html (1979 words)

	Bladder Cancer - Causes - Cornell Urology
		Rather, various genes, proteins and enzymes have been studied intensively since it has been discovered that they do play an essential role in both the transformation of normal cells to tumor cells, and the progression of non-invasive tumors to invasive and metastatic ones.
		If this gene is not "turned off" or regulated appropriately, perhaps as a result of a mutation, the cell may divide incessantly, possibly resulting in a tumor.
		Two important and well-studied tumor supressor genes are known as the "retinoblastoma tumor supressor gene"(Rb) and the "p53 tumor supressor gene".
	www.cornellurology.com /bladder/causes/causes.shtml (702 words)

	Rediscovering Biology - Online Textbook: Unit 8 Cell Biology & Cancer
		The conversion of a proto-oncogene to an oncogene may occur by mutation of the proto-oncogene, by rearrangement of genes in the chromosome that moves the proto-oncogene to a new location, or by an increase in the number of copies of the normal proto-oncogene.
		Cancers involving tumor suppressor genes are often hereditary because a parent may provide a germ line mutation in one copy of the gene.
		A defect in a DNA repair gene called XP (Xeroderma pigmentosum) results in individuals who are very sensitive to UV light and have a thousand-fold increase in the incidence of all types of skin cancer.
	www.learner.org /channel/courses/biology/textbook/cancer/cancer_3.html (1396 words)

	Antibody Datasheet (PTEN (Tumor Supressor)) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		PTEN gene is a recently discovered tumor supressor gene that maps to chromosome 10q23.
		PTEN, a novel tumor supressor, functions as a regulator of both cell cycle progression and apoptosis.
		Potentially, mutation and deletion of PTEN gene may result in a new signal transduction pathesy related to human malignant tumors.
	www.biocare.net /AntibodyView.asp?ID=571 (77 words)

	Category:Tumor supressor genes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Please browse the existing categories to check if the category is covered under another name.
		Look for "Category:Tumor supressor genes" in Wiktionary, our sister dictionary project.
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	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Category:Tumor_supressor_genes (186 words)

	Turkish Journal of Haematology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) gene is a tumor supressor gene, expressed in malignant and normal hematopoietic progenitor cells.
		We conclude that expression of WT1 gene is not associated with specific characteristics of ALL blast cells and is not a prognostic factor for CR, remission duration and overall survival.
		Wilms’ tumor 1 gene has been shown to be expressed in majority of patients with acute leukemia[2-12-14] and it is downregulate during cellular differentiation[15].
	tjh.dergisi.org /text.php3?id=19 (1820 words)

	Research Page: Analysis of a lung tumor supressor gene at 3p21.3
		According to current thinking, a number of genes need to be mutated or functionally disabled before a normal cell loses all normal growth control mechanisms and is brought onto a path of uncontrolled cell division eventually leading to a tumor.
		Gene mutation or inactivation has been found in genes such as p53, ras, and p16 at a relatively high frequency in human lung tumors.
		This phenomenon usually points to the existence of a tumor suppressor gene, which needs to be lost or inactivated completely in order for a tumor to arise.
	www.trdrp.org /research/PageGrant.asp?grant_id=2087 (412 words)

	Tumor Suppressor Gene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		If a person inherits only one functional copy of the p53 gene from their parents, they are...
		ScienceDaily: Tumor suppressor geneA tumor suppressor gene is a gene that reduces the probability that a cell in a multicellular organism will turn into a tumor cell.
		COLUMBUS, Ohio â“ Researchers have identified a new and unusual tumor suppressor gene that may be important in cancers of the...
	elite2.info /tumor_suppressor_gene.html (373 words)

	The Tumor Gene Databases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Tumor Gene Database is the least selective and most general.
		The Oral Cancer Gene Database is a brand-new, high quality database of genes involved in cancers of the mouth.
		We are actively recruiting authors for additional tumor gene databases.
	condor.bcm.tmc.edu /ermb/tgdb/tgdf.html (213 words)

	Tarja Mälkönen: UV Response of Mammalian p53 Tumor Supressor Gene
		Another target gene of p53, p21, was induced in synchronized mouse fibroblasts during G1 growth arrest (II), and p21 mRNA and protein were overexpressed in UV-radiated p53-/- MEFs (III) suggesting a role for p21 in the transmission of growth arrest.
		Of the p53 effector genes mdm2 has recently received most interest due to its role as a negative regulator of p53, a function which is affected by several different p53 activating pathways.
		As in the case of p53 mutation, a cell with inactive p53 is not able to sense the effects of p53 and responds by decreasing p53 degradation leading to accumulation of inactive, though wild-type, p53 protein.
	ethesis.helsinki.fi /julkaisut/laa/haart/vk/malkonen/results.html (7474 words)

	TUMOR GENE DATABASE
		On gene expression Blocks expression of dihydropyridine receptor.
		The cooperating gene is not MDM2, BRCA1, or RB1.
		Homozygous knockout of recessive genes This strategy which led to the isolation of the novel TSG101 gene, depends on the expression of a selectable marker (in 3T3 mouse fibroblasts) on a vector inserted downstream of promoters of randomly targeted chromosomal gene.
	www.bioscience.org /atlases/tumpath/gene2.htm (1457 words)

	Scientists Find New Tumor Supressor Gene Involved In Breast, Prostate And Other Cancers (cancer, tumor, gene)
		Tumor suppressor genes play a key role in the regulation of cell growth.
		Scientists have known for about 15 years that when a tumor suppressor gene is inactivated, the cells it affects grow out of control and become cancerous.
		Studies show that the gene is widely expressed in normal tissues throughout the body and that the gene is often disrupted by mutation or deletion in tumors arising from epithelial cells, such as cancers of the breast, prostate, colon and ovary.
	www.locateadoc.com /articles.cfm/search/400 (877 words)

	Researchers Discover Tumor-Supressor Gene That May Indicate Susceptibility ToLung And Colon Cancer
		They knew where to find the area because in many tumors a small section of chromosome or a gene is missing.
		Using a computer and gene sequences found through the international Human Genome Project, Wang checked about 100 genes in the LOH region until he found PPP2R1B, which appeared to be a cancer-suppressing gene, one that removes phosphates to control cell growth.
		They found that in the tumor tissue something had gone wrong with PPP2R1B so that additional phosphates were being added to the proteins allowing the cells to grow.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1998-10/UoTS-RDTG-081098.php (573 words)

	Newswise
		Scientists are taking the first steps to find out how a gene that is mutated in many cancer cells functions in healthy cells.
		Newswise — Scientists are taking the first steps to find out how a gene that is mutated in many cancer cells functions in healthy cells.
		That means Rb is a tumor suppressor gene, which keeps cells from growing out of control.
	www.newswise.com /articles/view/509125 (727 words)

	7.06 Problem Set #8
		1) You are given a tumor cell line to characterize, and preliminary work shows that one of the transforming mutations may be in the Src gene (sequencing of the tumor line's Src gene showed that there are mutations in both the upstream and coding regions of the gene).
		Explain how this technique can be used to monitor gene expression, and describe any materials/reagents that may be necessary.
		You express normal Src and the Src gene isolated from the tumor line in two strains of E.
	web.mit.edu /course/7/7.06/study_mat/1999/99PS8.html (372 words)

	ScienceDaily: Researchers Discover Tumor-Supressor Gene That May Indicate Susceptibility To Lung And Colon Cancer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Gene Alteration Spurs Growth Of Colon Cancer (April 4, 2002) -- Researchers have discovered a novel gene alteration that causes an abnormal cellular "off-switch" that contributes to the growth of colon cancer.
		Tumor suppressor gene -- A tumor suppressor gene is a gene that reduces the probability that a cell in a multicellular organism will turn into a tumor cell.
		BRCA2 -- BRCA2 is a human gene that is involved in the repair of chromosomal damage and belongs to a class of genes known as tumor suppressor...
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/1998/10/981009081956.htm (1858 words)

	Human Genetic Disorders, Cancer, DNA, and Proteins
		Tumor supressor genes produce proteins that inhibit cell division if conditions are not right.
		Tumor supressor genes loose their ability to control cell division when both copies of the gene are damaged by mutation or chromosomal abnormalities.
		Two-Hit Hypothesis - If it takes mutations in both copies of a tumor supressor gene on homologous chromosomes in a cell (to become homozygous recessive), what happens to your chances of developing cancer if you are born with one mutated copy?
	www.life.uiuc.edu /bio100/lectures/f05lects/17f05cancer7divcacer.html (192 words)

	NCI HTML Cancer Bulletin for June 1, 2004 - National Cancer Institute
		In this study, researchers looked at all 87 members of the phosphatase gene family in 18 colorectal cancers, and identified 6 genes that were specifically mutated in tumors.
		They then sequenced these 6 genes from an additional 157 colorectal cancers and identified 77 different mutations, which in total were found in 26 percent of the tumors.
		Further examination of a subset of these mutations revealed that they reduce the function of the phosphatase proteins for which they code, thereby hampering the ability of the proteins to regulate cellular functions such as growth, differentiation, death, and tissue invasion.
	www.cancer.gov /ncicancerbulletin/NCI_Cancer_Bulletin_060104/page4 (998 words)

	International Journal of Hematology and Oncology
		IRF-1 (Interferon Regulatory Factor-1) gene was described initially as a positive transcription factor involved in the regulation of the Type I IFN genes and IFN-inducible genes.
		The human IRF-1 gene is located on long arm of chromosome 5 (5q31.1).
		in addition, chromosomal deletion of IRF-1 gene is frequently detected in patients with leukemia and preleukemic syndromes.
	www.thod.org /summary_en.php3?id=102 (234 words)

	SUPRESSOR MUTATIONS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Tumor Gene Database contains information about genes which are targets for cancer-causing mutations; proto-oncogenes and tumor supressor genes.
		Mutations and deletions of so-called tumor supressor genes are incriminated in some forms of brain tumors.
		Tumor formation typically requires multiple mutations to achieve oncogene activation and loss of tumor supressor gene function.
	www.mstnetz.de /7743-supressormutations (296 words)

	Cancer » Blog Archive » Cancer institute national (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		It is a tumor supressor gene is cancer institute national caused by elizabeth svoboda human cells survive and clinical decisionmakers.
		A malignant tumor is fed by cancer institute national nutrients that diffuse cancer institute national through neighboring blood vessels.
		A malignant tumor supressor gene that plays cancer institute national a role of combined.
	cancer.mxcool.net /2006/6/22/cancer-institute-national (674 words)

	www.ana-marija.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		If a tumor-supressor gene mutates, it is uable to code for a protein at all or codes for a non-fucntional protein.
		A tumor-supressor gene is completely inactive when both copies of the gene are mutated at the same time.
		If the the tumor-supressor gene that codes for p53 mutates, the DNA-binding power of p53 is affected.
	www.ana-marija.com /mb040.htm (315 words)

	Search TGDB (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		contains information about genes which are targets for cancer-causing mutations; proto-oncogenes and tumor supressor genes.
		is designed to be a tool for biomedical researchers who work with tumor genes.
		Searching the Tumor Gene Database searches all of these as well as some additional data not present in the specialized databases.
	condor.bcm.tmc.edu /oncogene.html (123 words)

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