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	Tungusic languages Summary
		The Tungus (or Tungusic) languages are a group of genetically related languages spoken in eastern Siberia and northeastern China, mostly in the provinces of Heilongjiang and Liaoning, and the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region.
		Tungusic languages (or Manchu-Tungus languages) are spoken in Eastern Siberia and Manchuria.
		The Tungusic languages are of an agglutinative morphological type, and some of them have complex case systems and elaborate patterns of tense and aspect marking.
	www.bookrags.com /Tungusic_languages (753 words)

	Tungusic Languages
		Tungusic (Manchu-Tungus) languages belong to the Altaic family together with the Turkic and Mongolian language groups, and possibly with Korean and Japanese.
		Tungusic languages are agglutinative, which means that each affix retains its form when added to a root or to another affix.
		The basic vocabulary of most Tungusic languages has little in common with Mongolian and Turkic languages, although all three groups are considered to be members of the Altaic language family.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/march/TungusBranch.html (958 words)

	Manchus - Mw
		The Manchu language is a member of the Tungusic language group, itself a member of the disputed Altaic language family (and hypothetically related to the Korean, Mongolic and Turkic languages).
		One theory claims that the name came from the Bodhisattva Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of Wisdom), of which Nurhaci claimed to be an incarnation.
		Another theory is that the Manchus, like a number of other Tungusic peoples, take their name from the common Tungusic word *mangu(n), 'a great river'.
	muslimwikipedia.com /mw/index.php/Manchus (1352 words)

	All Empires: History Forum: Altaic theory to be questioned:
		Linguists usually consider the Turkic, Mongolian, and Tungusic languages, often referred to as micro-Altaic, as the principal members of this group; some scholars also include Korean and Japanese, referred to as macro-Altaic.
		Somewhat similarly, in Tungusic, the Evenki and Even languages, spoken on the northern and western fringes of the language family's territory in central Siberia and Mongolia, are typologically much more divergent from the Altaic archetype than those spoken in the center, where they have been in contact with Mongolian for centuries.
		Tungusic: 'murin-in' (horse-his) which is equal to Turkic 'i'.
	www.allempires.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=12283 (2936 words)

	Alaskool - Many Tongues, Ancient Tales
		However, the density of Northern Tungusic speakers in the Soviet Union is low, 28,000 Evenk and 12,000 Even, and is mixed with Yakut and others and increasingly with Russian.
		Southwestern Tungusic is Manchu, now said to be approaching extinction but once the language of the ruling class of China and an empire.
		Southeastern Tungusic, the dominant language group of the Amur region, is in turn divided into two subgroups, the Nanai-Ulcha-Orok and the Udege-Oroch; the Nanai (or Goldi) are numerically by far the largest group.
	www.alaskool.org /language/manytongues/ManyTongues.html (3421 words)

	Tungusic Research Group: Endangered Languages
		The Tungusic languages, in all liklihood, will cease to be spoken in the next fifty years or so.
		The numbers in the table are estimates derived from reports in the literature and from interviews with government officials in Inner Mongolia, China.
		Xibe represents the Tungusic language with the greatest chance for survival.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~trg/endangered.html (623 words)

	Language - MSN Encarta
		A number of linguists believe that many of the languages of central, northern, and eastern Asia form a single Altaic language family, although others consider Turkic, Tungusic, and Mongolic to be separate, unrelated language families (see Altaic Languages).
		The Turkic languages include Turkish and a number of languages of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), such as Uzbek and Tatar.
		The Tungusic languages are spoken mainly by small population groups in Siberia and Northeast China.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761570647_5/Language.html (1273 words)

	ORIGIN THEORIES
		Tribes that settled in the region of Manchuria and northern Korea spoke the Puyo language.
		The process of unifying the Korean language was accelerated in the 10th century when the Koryo Dynasty replaced the Shilla and moved the capital from Kyoungju, the Shilla capital in the south, to Kaesong, a more centrally located capital.
		Although the Korean language was becoming the dominant medium in the country, Tungusic, which an aggressive Koguryo tribe had previously carried down to mid-Korea, was influencing the Korean language.
	linguistics.byu.edu /classes/ling450ch/reports/korean2.html (848 words)

	Language - TOC Vol. 75 No.2
		Efforts to determine the genetic relations among Tungusic language have been dominated by a methodology that categorizes the entire family on the basis of a small number of sound correspondences and some shared inflectional morphology, despite the fact that this evidence can be contradictory ways.
		This article demonstrates that two Tungusic languages, Evenki and Oroqen, which have long been treated as a single language for classification purposes, are better treated as distinct linguistic varieties.
		The article raises fundamental questions about the current classification of Tungusic languages and suggests a renewed examination of the role of dialect continua and contact languages in understanding the composition of the family.
	www.lsadc.org /info/language/752.html (1134 words)

	current research interests
		Thus far, a Tungusic substrate influence has not been demonstrated for either the unique grammatical features of Yakut or the large number of words of so-called “unknown origin”.
		Furthermore, if the hypothesis of a small group of related Turkic men mating with Tungusic women were true, it would imply that only the women replaced their Tungusic language.
		Genetically, I want to further analyze Y-chromosomal markers in the Yakuts as well as in Tungusic- and Turkic-speaking populations in order to be able to differentiate between the two competing hypotheses on the origins of the Yakut men.
	email.eva.mpg.de /~pakendor/research.html (1026 words)

	East Asian Studies 210 Notes: The Manchu
		The Orochen are closely related to the Ewenki, Ulchi, Orok, and Oroch who live in the Russian Federation on the other side of the Amur.
		All three of these Tungusic peoples (Ewenki-Solon, Orochen, and Hezhen-Nanai) were originally nomadic reindeer herders who crossed the Amur from the Transbaikal region many centuries ago.
		A comparative study of the Tungusic peoples in China and Russia has yet to be written.
	pandora.cii.wwu.edu /vajda/ea210/manchu.htm (1403 words)

	The Tungusic Research Group at Dartmouth College
		The Tungusic Research Group at Dartmouth was established in 1998 with the generous assistance of the Dickey Center for International Understanding.
		Information about Tungusic languages and cultures is relatively sparse; what does exist is of variable quality, and some of the best sources are often hard to access.
		Therefore, two aims of the Tungusic Research Group are to bring scholars from diverse traditions together and to support their work by providing readily accessible information.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~trg (485 words)

	ComingAnarchy.com » Blog Archive » Fun with maps, again (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Yeah, I bet most are, and the few who still speak Manchu (about 60 according to Ethnologue, of an ethnic population of almost 2M) plus the Xibe fall under “Tungusic”.
		And yes, Tungusic includes Manchu, which is itself basically a dead language.
		Korean is also often considered part of the Tungusic group, and sometimes Japanese as well.
	www.cominganarchy.com /archives/2005/04/21/fun-with-maps-again (976 words)

	East Asian Studies 210 Notes: Nanai
		The Nanai show a mixture of Tungusic (Ewenki), aboriginal Nivkh, as well as Chinese-Manchu elements in their culture and language.
		Like their Nanai cousins, the Ulchi are also Tungusic forest people who settled in the Amur basin and adopted a way of life centered on fishing.
		Unlike the economy of the Tungusic peoples of the Maritime Province (the Nanai, Ulchi, Oroch), fishing was of only secondary importance.
	pandora.cii.wwu.edu /vajda/ea210/maritime.htm (2668 words)

	Jurchen script
		The Jurchen script, which is also known as Jurchi, Jurchin or Southern Tungusic, was created by Wanyan Xiyin in 1120 and officially introduced in 1145.
		It was modelled on the Khitan script and contains a large number of characters from Chinese, many of which were modified or distorted.
		Jurchen/Manchu, a member of the Tungusic branch of the Altaic language family.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/jurchen.htm (343 words)

	Altaic - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Spoken by over 130 million people, who occupy parts of a territory that stretches from E Europe across the Central Asian republics of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan to the Pacific Ocean, the Altaic languages fall into three subdivisions: Turkic, Mongolian (see Mongolian languages), and Tungusic.
		The Tungusic subdivision, by far the smallest, today has only a few thousand speakers.
		It includes Manchu, spoken in various parts of Manchuria, and Tungus, native to E Siberia.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-altaic.html (314 words)

	Mongol Scripts
		Used for this Tungusic language until at least 1413.
		Generally Korean and Japanese are considered a part of this family as well, but contain sufficient differences to be considered, by some experts, a separate language family.
		Tungusic - A branch of the Altaic language family that includes Evenki and Manchu.
	www.viahistoria.com /SilverHorde/research/MongolScripts.html (2659 words)

	[No title]
		There are two theories behind this grouping, one is the Micro-Altaic hypothesis which links Turkic, Tungusic, and Mongolian languages, and the Macro-Altaic, which attempts to add Korean and Japanese into the picture.
		Such as the similarities between Yakut(Turkic) and Evenki(Tungusic) being used to justify a genetic link between the Tungusic and Turkic languages, while similarities between other languages in the groups are absent.
		In vocabulary and morphology, similarities exist between Turkic and Mongolian languages, and between Tungusic and Mongolian languages, but save for the exception of Yakut and Evenki, none between the Turkic and Tungusic languages exist.
	www.geocities.com /pahlavaan/3.html (1598 words)

	Asian American Attitudes toward Height \| Asian American Poll \| GoldSea
		My response was to the person who implied that somehow "Northern Chinese" were taller than Koreans, and thereby contributed to its height during the Chinese military presence in the peninsula.
		But the Han chinese are not known for being relatively tall, as the northern Tungusics are.
		Koreans are tungusic -- so in that respect, there is little distinction between the Northern Chinese (the tungusic part) so-called, and Koreans.
	goldsea.com /Poll/Height/height_20128.html (772 words)

	Saving Languages - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Her research has focused on issues of language contact, language endangerment, and discourse analysis, and she has carried out fieldwork on the Tungusic languages of Siberia, extending more recently to other languages spoken in the North.
		With this diversity of readers in mind, our goal was to write a book that would serve as a general reference guide to language revitalization, providing the necessary background, highlighting the central issues, indicating common obstacles, and pointing to sources of further information.
		Our own experiences with language revitalization efforts have come primarily through fieldwork in east Asia on several Tungusic languages (all of which are undergoing rapid loss in the number of native speakers), and secondarily through long-term relationships and professional collaborations with fieldworkers and activists in Africa, South America, and North America, particularly the United States.
	www.cambridge.org /us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521016525&ss=fro (1208 words)

	[No title]
		In Chapter 2, I present a range of rounding harmony data from the Turkic, Mongolian and Tungusic branches of Altaic.
		The content of these principles will be shown to be constant across languages, while cross-linguistic variation is characterized in terms of the relative weight or importance each of these principles has in determining the overall system.
		In ¤2.1-2.6 I lay out the patterns observed among languages of the Turkic sub-branch, focusing on the nature of the conditions which are imposed on the application of rounding harmony from language to language.
	roa.rutgers.edu /files/227-1097/roa-227-kaun-1.doc (7716 words)

	The Dong Yi heritage of Han Chinese - China History Forum, chinese history forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Chinese often refer to the root tribe as the HuaXia (dragon totem inland yellow river semi-seditentary hunter gatherer population).
		the idea that the entire populations of the eastern yellow river were somehow foreign after the Xia dynasty and somehow migrated to Dongbei to become Tungusic nomads not only goes against archeaological and cultural evidence but common sense.
		The study was referred to as the "Linzi population".
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=1635 (2932 words)

	LINGUIST List 5.908: Altaic
		(1.1.3) I suggest that "Tungusic" be used in place of traditional "Manchu-Tungus(ic)".
		A number of researchers have been engaged in identifying cognates among Turkic, Mongolic and Tungusic (as well as Korean and Japanese) suffixes and enclitics.
		Renewed access to Inner Asia, dealings with newly founded Central Asian countries and the availability of relevant linguistic data (including access to large numbers of native speakers) are generating increased interest in Turkic, Mongolic and Tungusic studies, but and governmental and institutional response to the growing demand is very slow in coming.
	www.linguistlist.org /issues/5/5-908.html (1723 words)

	Altaic Language Family
		There are two schools of thought about the existence of the Altaic language family.
		The Altaic school of thought argues that the Mongolic, Tungusic and Turkic families, with the addition of Korean and Japanese in extended versions, have descended from a common ancestral *Proto-Altaic language.
		All languages in the Tungusic group and some languages in the Mongolic and Turkic groups are endangered or facing extinction.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/march/AltaicLanguageFamily.html (768 words)

	LISTSERV 14.4
		These languages are of the SOV type, are agglutinative and share morphophonological harmony.
		In the light of such research data, maintaining the lexical borrowing argument (e.g., by arguing that in all such cases the corresponding words were lost in all Mongolic languages) would be going way over the anti-Altaist edge.
		This has been dismissed as irrelevant, since this proto-Altaic system bears great resemblance not only to the proto-Uralic one but also to the Indo-European one.
	listserv.linguistlist.org /cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind9408C&L=linguist&P=R2728 (1721 words)

	Abstracts
		In recent years, a number of studies have suggested that the languages of Northeast Asia share both the proper socio-cultural history and a sufficient range of linguistic features to begin meaningfully discussing a Northeast Asian linguistic area (Anderson 1997; cf.
		This study discusses what role the Northern Tungusic languages have had in the development of this linguistic area.
		This study involves both a historical presentation of the data from the languages concerned, as well as data from cognate languages spoken further away in other regions of Siberia and elsewhere.
	www.hum.ku.dk /ichl2003/abstracts/section1.html (3294 words)

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