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Topic: Turbinate bone

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	Turbinate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The turbinates divide the nasal airway into three groove-like air passages –and are responsible for forcing inhaled air to flow in a steady, regular pattern around the largest possible surface of cilia and climate controlling tissue.
		Turbinates are comprised pseudo-stratified columnar ciliated respiratory epithelium with a thick, vascular and erectable glandular tissue layer.
		The superior turbinates are smaller structures, connected to the middle turbinates by nerve-endings, and serve to protect the olfactory bulb.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Turbinate_bone (713 words)

	Turbinate Dysfunction
		The inferior turbinate is the dominant structure of the inferior nose.
		The mucosa of the turbinates consists of pseudostratified columnar ciliated respiratory epithelium.
		Submucous resection of the inferior turbinate is a procedure that attempts to preserve the mucosa of the turbinate in order to improve the side effect profile and to maintain the mucociliary clearance and air conditioning function of the inferior turbinate.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Turbinate-2003-0312/Turbinate-2003-0312.htm (5642 words)

	Learn about this fast, effective way to relieve chronic nasal obstruction due to enlarged turbinates at Facial ...
		Chronic turbinate hypertrophy and nasal obstruction are commonly associated with rhinitis, the inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose.
		Another method for improving nasal obstruction is outward fracture of the turbinate bone(s), which moves the turbinate away from its obstructive position in the airway.
		Surgical turbinate reduction where the leading one- third to one- half of the turbinate is actually removed is effective but invariably results in crusting and bleeding from the nose during the recovery period.
	www.sleepsurgery.com /turbinate.html (2238 words)

	Television Point \| Dictionary \| Meaning of bone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Note: Even in the hardest parts of bone there are many minute cavities containing living matter and connected by minute canals, some of which connect with larger canals through which blood vessels ramify.
		{Bone cave}, a cave in which are found bones of extinct or recent animals, mingled sometimes with the works and bones of man.
		To withdraw bones from the flesh of, as in cookery.
	www.televisionpoint.com /dictionary/default.asp?define=bone (578 words)

	The Piltdown Nasal Turbinate and Bone Implement:
		The turbinal, however was in such bad condition that it fell apart on being touched, and had to be recovered in fragments by the sieve; but it has been pieced together satisfactorily by Mrs.
		since the frail turbinate bone and nasal bones belonging to the Piltdown skull had been preserved and recovered, their preservation is incompatible with the period represented by the fauna which includes the broken teeth of Mastodon.
		This supports the view that the turbinal and nasal bones fell away from the skull when the skull was broken up by the workmen at least six years before, The pit was a shallow excavation by the roadside not more than five feet in depth.
	www.clarku.edu /~piltdown/map_expose/pilt_nasalturbinate_bone.html (1418 words)

	The Nose Board: To Rich: If your willing to try any procedure look into this
		Therefore, the developed inferior turbinate bone shifts the main airstream at inhalation to the median nasal passage.
		The absence of the bone is known to return this stream to the lower passage.
		Now we understand quite clearly that it is these adhesions be-tween the inferior turbinate bone and the nasal septum that are situated at the area of the physiological bridge, in fact playing the role of the air-directing "steering gear" which provides for a cardinal transformation of aerodynamics of the nose and its protective properties.
	members.boardhost.com /shouser144/msg/6362.html (2204 words)

	What is Septoplasty and Turbinate Surgery?
		Once the bone and cartilage are removed or straightened, the lining of the septum is returned to its normal position and held in place with absorbable suture material or soft plastic splints.
		The turbinates are bony structures that originate along the sides of the nasal passage and project into the nasal airway.
		A variety of methods exist for reducing the turbinates, but the best long-term results are generally from a partial resection of the underlying bone and preservation of the outer lining.
	www.muschealth.com /nose/stsurgery.htm (242 words)

	Related WordNet synsets for SUMO concept Bone
		a wrist bone that articulates with the pisiform and hamate and lunate bones
		bone (calcified tissue) surrounding the pulp cavity of a tooth
		the bones of the skull that frame the mouth and serve to open it; the bones that hold the teeth
	virtual.cvut.cz /kifb/wordnet/_bone.html (1575 words)

	eMedicine - Turbinate Dysfunction : Article by Sanford M Archer, MD, FACS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Because the turbinates have a very rich blood supply and are governed by the parasympathetic nervous system, anything that affects either of these 2 systems affects the turbinates and, hence, the nose.
		The inferior turbinate bone arises on the inferior portion of the lateral nasal walls.
		In cases where middle turbinate surgery is considered in the management of nasal headaches, a trial of maximum decongestion preoperatively may relieve the headache symptoms temporarily and help confirm the presumptive diagnosis.
	www.emedicine.com /ent/topic129.htm (3604 words)

	Sinus Info Center, Inferior Turbinate is a Surgical Treatment Options for Sinusitis
		Protruding into each breathing passage are bony projections called turbinates that increase the surface area of the inside of the nose and boost its 'air conditioning' and air-filtering functions.
		Another reason is deformity of the nasal septum that has caused the bone on the wider side of the turbinate to increase in size.
		Because the turbinates help the nose to clean and humidify the air we breathe, it is usually better to leave as much tissue intact as possible.
	www.sinusinfocenter.com /treatment_inferiorTurbinate.html (440 words)

	FAQ: Chronic Nasal Obstruction and Enlarged Turbinates
		The turbinates of a patient who suffers from vasomotor rhinitis can overreact to changes in external temperature and humidity, becoming enlarged and causing congestion when, for example, the person moves from a warm area into an air-conditioned room.
		Turbinate surgery can be performed as an office procedure under local anesthesia or in the operating room under general anesthesia.
		(removal of the bone and/or soft tissue) and excision (removal of the soft tissue only) can be performed with surgical scissors or a laser.
	www.somnoplasty.com /PatientTrack/FAQs/turbfaq.html (1689 words)

	Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines, 4th edition, 2000
		Turbinate bone atrophy may only be obvious at slaughter, or may be detected in the live animal, for example by radiography.
		Clinical signs include sneezing, nasal discharge, shortening or twisting of the snout, accompanied by atrophy of the nasal turbinate bones, a reduced growth rate and, in severe cases, difficulty in eating.
		Turbinate atrophy may only be seen at slaughter when snout sections at the level of the second premolar tooth are examined, but radiography as well as endoscopy have also been used to detect this change in live animals (11, 30).
	www.oie.int /fr/normes/mmanual/ancien_manuel/A_00082.htm (3656 words)

	eMedicine - Rhinoplasty, Turbinate Reduction : Article by Elizabeth Whitaker, MD
		The inferior turbinate constitutes a separate bone and articulates with the maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, and palatine bones.
		The turbinate microdebrider blade is inserted into the pocket created and used to excise bone and submucosa of the anterior aspect of the inferior turbinate.
		This maneuver reduces turbinate size and volume of the nasal valve occupied by crushing the turbinate and lateralizing its position in the nasal valve.
	www.emedicine.com /plastic/topic101.htm (5935 words)

	Rhinoplasty
		This is comprised of the nasal bones and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid.
		If the septum is severely deviated, the turbinate on the contralateral side from the deviation may hypertrophy with time to “fill the defect.” This is problematic when attempting repairs of significant septal deviation, since a straight septum would likely impact on the hypertrophied turbinate and worsen nasal obstruction.
		It involves elevating the mucosa of the turbinate free from the turbinate bone, and then resecting the majority of the turbinate bone.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Rhinoplasty-060419/Rhinoplasty-060419.htm (3518 words)

	Laser Nasal Surgery to Correct Nasal Blockage
		When Dr. Feinberg performs your turbinate surgery, rest assured that he will remove all three factors involved in nasal blockage due to enlarged turbinates: thick, obstructive bone inside the turbinate, the excessive tissue at the bottom edge of the turbinate, and the enlarged, polyp-like tissue at the back end of your turbinate.
		While Dr. Feinberg performs your turbinate surgery, he utilizes his years of turbinate surgery experience and excellent surgical judgment to ensure that only the harmful parts of the turbinates, the parts that block your nasal breathing are removed.
		The rest of your turbinate is left in place, so it can continue to perform its function of warming and humidifying the air passing through your nose.
	www.barryfeinbergmd.com /Pages/922.html (820 words)

	Medical Dictionary: Turbinate bone - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Turbinate bone: any of the scrolled spongy bones of the nasal passages in man and other vertebrates
		Terms that may be interchangeable with Turbinate bone:
		A hierarchical classification of Turbinate bone: The following list attempts to classify Turbinate bone into categories where each line is subset of the next.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/turbinate_bone.htm (162 words)

	OS (ora, osar, ossa) :: AudioEnglish.net dictionary
		splint bone (a rudimentary metacarpal or metatarsal bone on either side of the cannon bone in the leg of a horse or related animal)
		cheekbone; jugal bone; malar; malar bone; os zygomaticum; zygomatic; zygomatic bone (the arch of bone beneath the eye that forms the prominence of the cheek)
		dentin; dentine (bone (calcified tissue) surrounding the pulp cavity of a tooth)
	www.audioenglish.net /dictionary/os.htm (1387 words)

	Redfield - Infrared Coagulation of The Inferior Turbinate - Results
		Turbinate examination revealed a grade score between 2 and 4 (mean, 2.7), indicating moderately to severely enlarged inferior turbinates.
		In agreement with this, the mean grade for diminished intranasal airflow was 2.5, indicating a moderate to severe reduction in airflow.
		A 1.5-second exposure caused injury three quarters the distance from mucosa to the inferior turbinate (0.75-mm depth), whereas a 2-second exposure led to mucosal carbonization and damage to the inferior turbinate bone (greater than 1-mm depth).
	www.redfieldcorp.com /materials_3_results.html (629 words)

	Method of performing translactrimal laser dacryocystorhinostomy - Patent 5345948
		A bone cutting laser with accompanying fiber optic illumination is passed through the other punctum and its associated canaliculus.
		The duct is surrounding by bone 15 and the inferior tubinate bone 16.
		Dacryocystitis, a chronic inflamation and infection caused by obstruction of the nasal lacrimal duct 10 or caused by an occlusion of the lacrimal sac 3.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5345948.html (2185 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		(tər”bĭ-nek´tə-me) [turbinate + -ectomy] the surgical removal of a nasal concha (turbinate bone).
		a small bone or cartilage at the base of the styloid process of the temporal bone; in early life it becomes a part of the temporal bone.
		(tim”pə-no-skwah-mo´səl) pertaining to the pars tympanica and pars squamosa of the temporal bone.
	www.mercksource.com /ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/dmd_t_23.htm (3483 words)

	Nasal Congestion
		from enlarged turbinates often endure the prolonged use of intranasal sprays and systemic medications.
		This approach, however, does not address the usual source of obstruction –– enlarged sub-mucosal tissue, and the fractured turbinate often returns to its previous position.
		Turbinate resection (removal of the bone and/or soft tissue) and excision (removal of the soft tissue only) can be performed with surgical scissors or a laser.
	www.somnoplastyatlanta.com /nasal_congestion.htm (606 words)

	All About Revision Rhinoplasty - Nasal Anatomy & Function
		The turbinate structures are responsible for maintaining this harmony and without this it sometimes reported that disorientation, headaches and musosal dryness can ensue when the turbinate structure is not in proper order.
		Its anterior margin, thickest above, is connected with the nasal bones, and is continuous with the anterior margins of the lateral cartilages; below, it is connected to the medial crura of the greater alar cartilages by fibrous tissue.
		It may be divided into three portions: of these, the anterior articulates with the conchal crest of the maxilla; the posterior with the conchal crest of the palatine; the middle portion presents three well-marked processes, which vary much in their size and form.
	www.revisionrhinoplasty.net /nasalanatomy.htm (1753 words)

	LLC: Laser Partial Turbinectomy, information for patients.
		The principle of the procedure is to remove a small amount of the lining over the inferior turbinate bone inside the nose.
		It is at this point (“the nasal valve”) that most of the obstruction to breathing through the nose occurs and therefore a small improvement at this point will lead to a large improvement in the general flow through the nose.
		The best patient is one who will have initially had a good response from turbinate reduction but the condition has gradually returned over the period of a couple of years.
	www.llc.co.uk /Laser_partial_turbinectomy_patient_info.php (772 words)

	turbinate surgery- turbinate reduction-turbinectomy- inferior turbinate
		The turbinates are bony projections covered with thick mucosal tissues (harboring tremendous erectable capabilities, very much like the genitals), that project in an elongated “sea-shell” form (or like rolled up long sausages) into the nasal airway.
		The turbinates’ tissue is actually curved and curled around long bone shelves and hang suspended in the nasal airway.
		The superior turbinates protect the olfactory bulbs at the roof of the nose (just under the bone barrier between the brain and the nasal cavities – the “Cribriform Plate”) and harbors some smell receptors too.
	www.emptynosesyndrome.org /turbinates.html (575 words)

	View topic - Turbinate reduction options
		The turbinates are a fleshy tissue with a mucosal surface, wrapped around a thin shelf of bone.
		Through that incision, she carefully snips away the outer 2-3mm of turbinate bone and some of the surrounding tissue, but leaving much of the turbinate bone.
		The result is that the overall size of the turbinate is reduced - permanently because bone has been removed - but the mucosal surface is left intact and there's enough turbinate left to humidify and filter your air.
	www.talkaboutsleep.com /message-boards/viewtopic.php?t=11385 (1461 words)

	Rhinoplasty 4 You - Rhinoplasty Procedure Information
		The use of turbinate scissors, cutting forceps and sometimes even CO2 or Electro cautery devices for turbinate mucosa evaporation is used.
		When the lateral part of the inferior (see diagram) turbinate bone and its overlying mucosa needs to be removed this is done by Turbinoplasty.
		The inferior turbinate bone is fractured and removed subperiosteally with a Takahashi forceps or Jansen-Middleton rongeur, carefully preserving the mucoperiosteal flaps.
	www.rhinoplasty4you.com /rhinoplasty_information.htm (1768 words)

	bone (HyperDic hyper-dictionary)
		bone, cram, grind away, drum, bone up, swot, get up, mug up, swot up
		The porous calcified substance from which bones are made.
		A shade of white the color of bleached bones.
	www.hyperdic.net /dic/bone.htm (179 words)

	Treatments for chronic nasal obstruction.
		While modestly effective in selected patients, immunotherapy can be a lengthy and expensive process.
		Resection, excision and surface cautery can all be associated with prolonged crusting and healing, which occurs over a four-to-six-week period.
		Laser resection of the turbinates uses light energy that reaches temperatures of 750°C to 900°C(1,400°F to 1,700°F) to vaporize the turbinate mucosa.
	www.somnoplasty.com /PatientTrack/MyCondition/breath5.html (739 words)

	Surgery for Nasal Obstruction: Standard and Laser Surgeries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Following treatment, the nose must be packed for several days with gauze containing anantibiotic ointment.
		Laser resection of the turbinates uses light energy that reaches temperatures of 750°C to 900°C (1,400°F to 1,700°F) to vaporize the turbinate mucosa.
		Safety issues related to the use of the laser require specialized training and experience in laser procedures.
	www.entcolumbia.org /nosurg.htm (320 words)

	Nasal polyps may cause nasal obstruction
		Microdebrider-assisted turbinate reduction excises erectile soft tissue of the inferior turbinate under endoscopic visualization while pre-serving the overlying mucosa.
		Perform a supraperiosteal elevation of soft tissue over the turbinate bone.
		Outfracture, or resection of a portion of the inferior turbinate bone, may be easily accomplished at the same time, when indicated.
	www.therhinoplastycenter.com /Septoplasty-Turbinate/septoplasty-turbinate-15.html (205 words)

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