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	Ivan Turgenev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Turgenev was born into an old and wealthy family at Orel, Russia, in the province of the same name, on October 28, 1818.
		Turgenev's early attempts in literature, poems and sketches, had indications of genius and were favorably spoken of by Belinsky, then the leading Russian critic.
		Turgenev occasionally visited England, and in 1879 the degree of D.C.L. was conferred upon him by the University of Oxford.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ivan_S._Turgenev (858 words)

	AllRefer.com - Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev (Russian And Eastern European Literature, Biography) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Turgenev studied in Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Berlin, and he became an enthusiastic advocate of the Westernization of Russia.
		Turgenev's most fruitful period was the decade 1850–60, the latter half of which he spent in Western Europe.
		Turgenev also wrote several plays, including A Month in the Country (1850), in which he made several dramatic innovations that Chekhov later developed, and the comedy A Provincial Lady (1851).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/Turgenev.html (466 words)

	Ivan Turgenev -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Turgenev was born into an old and wealthy family at (Click link for more info and facts about Orel) Orel, in the province of the same name, on October 28, 1818.
		Turgenev's early attempts in literature, consisting of poems and trifling sketches, may be passed over here; they were not without indications of genius, and were favorably spoken of by (Click link for more info and facts about Belinsky) Belinsky, then the leading Russian critic, for whom Turgenev ever cherished a warm regard.
		Turgenev's later novels, with their antiquated language and stilted situations, are sometimes considered inferior to his earlier efforts in the genre.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/i/iv/ivan_turgenev.htm (1062 words)

	Ivan S. Turgenev
		Turgenev portrayed realistically the peasantry and the rising intelligentsia in its attempt to move the country into a new age.
		Turgenev's solution was not revolution, mystical nationalism, or spiritual renewal but in the industriousness of the confident, methodical builders embodied by the engineer Vassily Fedotitch Solomin, a side character, in Virgin Soil.
		Turgenev's mother had given birth in 1833 to a natural daughter, whose father was rumored to be Dr. Andrey Bers.
	www.classicreader.com /author.php/aut.172 (1417 words)

	Dr. Anne Simpson's Author and Literature Links: Ivan Turgenev (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Turgenev, Ivan Sergeyevich (1818-1883), Russian author, considered the foremost stylist in Russian literature; his novels, poems, and plays are characterized by elegant craftsmanship, lucidity, and a liberal, balanced point of view.
		Turgenev was born November 9, 1818, in Orël in central Russia and educated at the universities of Saint Petersburg and Berlin.
		Turgenev believed in the goals of his hero, but he also believed that they could be achieved only through a long period of gradual change rather than by revolution.
	www.csupomona.edu /~absimpson/links/authors/t/turgenevi.html (459 words)

	Ivan Turgenev's Singers - Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Naturally, Turgenev's interest in Khor's character and family life is matched by an equivalent curiosity on Khor's part; their mutual ignorance is sufficient comment in itself on the division which exists between master and peasant.
		Turgenev was in Salzbrunn during part of Belinsky's convalescence, and the latter's plea for justice in Russian social and -political life, as expressed in the Letter to Gogol, later became Turgenev's sole religious and political credo.
		Of all the Sketches which Turgenev wrote, Bailiff, with its exquisitely savage portrait of the foppish tyrant Penochkin and its equally acute study of his bailiff, is by far the most outspoken attack on the exploitation of the peasantry.
	www.uncg.edu /gar/courses/ahern/hunt-intro.htm (2999 words)

	Turgenev
		Turgenev was brought up at Spasskoye and educated at the Universities of Moscow, St Petersburg and Berlin.
		Turgenev was sent to jail for a month and then to exile on his estate and remained under police supervision until 1856.
		Turgenev in a letter to Pauline Viardot from France where he had made a long stay in 1852 though realising that his life in Russia was essential to him as a writer:
	dspace.dial.pipex.com /jrp/PG/pieces/ivan_turgenev.shtml (1793 words)

	Ernest Hemingway His Life and Works
		I've bracketed Turgenev and James together because they seem to me similar writers in some ways: although Turgenev wrote in Russian and James in English, both spent much of their adult lives living outside their country of birth, and both wrote in an elegant, highly-polished style that doesn't appeal to everyone.
		But Turgenev, too, is part of the mix, and Hemingway certainly never made his admiration for Turgenev a secret.
		Turgenev, in A Sportsman's Sketches, creates a world-a peculiarly Russian one-around a man who spends all of his time indulging his greatest passion, which also happened to be one of Hemingway's: hunting.
	www.ernest.hemingway.com /turgenev.htm (1582 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ivan Turgenev
		During the latter part of his life, Turgenev did not reside much in Russia; he lived either at Baden-Baden or Paris, often in proximity to the family of the celebrated singer Pauline Viardo-Garcia, who he had a life-long affair with.
		A Sportsmans Sketches was an 1852 collection of short stories by Ivan Turgenev that is often credited with persuading Tsar Alexander II of Russia to liberate the serfs in 1861.
		Torrents of Spring, also known as Spring Torrents, was a short story written by Ivan Turgenev during 1870 and 1871 when he was in his fifties.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ivan-Turgenev (2047 words)

	On The Eve by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev eBook by BookRags
		This artistic failure of Turgenev’s is, as he no doubt recognised, curiously lessened by the fact that young girls of Elena’s lofty idealistic type are particularly impressed by certain stiff types of men of action and great will-power, whose capacity for moving straight towards a certain goal by no means implies corresponding brain-power.
		As a critic of his countrymen nothing escaped Turgenev’s eye, as a politician he foretold nearly all that actually came to pass in his life, and as a consummate artist, led first and foremost by his love for his art, his novels are undying historical pictures.
		Turgenev, in short, was a psychologist not merely of men, but of nations; and so the chief figure of On the Eve, Elena, foreshadows and stands for the rise of young Russia in the sixties.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/6902/4.html (520 words)

	Fictionwise eBooks: Ivan Turgenev (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Turgenev thrusts his snarling young radicals into the venerable world of fathers when Bazarov accompanies Arkady to the Kirsanov country estate.
		To the English reader On the Eve is a charmingly drawn picture of a quiet Russian household, with a delicate analysis of a young girl's soul; but to Russians it is also a deep and penetrating diagnosis of the destinies of the Russia of the fifties.
		TURGENEV was the first writer who was able, having both Slavic and universal imagination enough for it, to interpret modern Russia to the outer world, and Virgin Soil was the last word of his greater testament.
	wwww.fictionwise.com /eBooks/IvanTurgeneveBooks.htm (605 words)

	Amazon.com: Sketches from a Hunter's Album : The Complete Edition (Penguin Classics): Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Turgenev's style is wonderfully evocative, and yet it has not an ounce of sentimentalism: its depictions of natural landscapes are incredibly lucid, almost detached, in a sense; today, we could say his writing has a "zen-like" clarity.
		When sketching people, Turgenev does gracefully what Dickens tried to do and did clumsily; that is, he describes the physical characteristics of a person and gives you a fully formed description of their character as well, and he does this without sounding forced and without showing himself.
		Turgenev, arrested and exiled in 1852 because of the 'Sketches', has an historical place akin to the American abolitionists of the same day, however, unlike Harriet Beecher Stowe, Turgenev draws his characters in three dimensions with humanity, with love and understanding even when he does not forgive them their moral failings.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0140445226?v=glance (2546 words)

	Affectionately retracing Turgenev's life journeys - The Boston Globe
		Of the great 19th-century Russian novelists, Ivan Turgenev (1818-83) was the least rooted to the home soil, the most at ease conversing in European drawing rooms.
		And though he explores Turgenev's characters and themes, it is not a work of literary criticism.
		Yet for 40 years, Turgenev's devotion never wavered; she was, Dessaix writes, ''the very pivot of his being." He built or took homes nearby the Viardot household.
	www.boston.com /ae/books/articles/2005/08/29/affectionately_retracing_turgenevs_life_journeys (531 words)

	RUSNET :: Encyclopedia :: T :: Turgenev, Ivan
		Ivan Turgenev was born in Oryol, into a wealthy family.
		In the centre of the book, full of discussions about progression, literature, aesthetic life, emancipation, beauty, patriotic principles, etc., is a love story, in which a young woman must choose her of way in life.
		During the period of 1853-62 Turgenev wrote some of his finest stories and novels as and the first four of his six novels: Rudin (1856), Noblemen's Nest (1859), On the Eve (1860) and Fathers and Sons (1862).
	www.rusnet.nl /encyclo/t/turgenev.shtml (848 words)

	Books \| Walking in the shadow of Turgenev
		Dessaix is particularly fascinated by Turgenev's experience of love: for 40 years, the writer was devoted to French opera singer Pauline Viardot, despite her being married and their relationship being, to the best of biographers' knowledge, non-sexual.
		His perambulations in search of Turgenev are, in the best tradition of literary pilgrimage, a journey of self-discovery, but there is something faintly irritating about his habit of comparing himself to the Russian writer at every turn.
		His knowledge of Turgenev's work is encyclopedic and enthusiastic and his central investigation - what love could have meant to his idol - is thoughtfully treated.
	books.guardian.co.uk /print/0,3858,5115192-99942,00.html (439 words)

	City Journal Summer 2001 \| How—and How Not—to Love Mankind by Theodore Dalrymple
		Turgenev saw human beings as individuals always endowed with consciousness, character, feelings, and moral strengths and weaknesses; Marx saw them always as snowflakes in an avalanche, as instances of general forces, as not yet fully human because utterly conditioned by their circumstances.
		(Turgenev, of course, also learned it to speak the native language of the great, but unsatisfactory, love of his life, the famous prima donna Pauline Viardot.) The two men were in Brussels at the outbreak of the 1848 revolution against the July monarchy in France, and both left to observe the events elsewhere.
		Of course, Turgenev knew the value of generalizations and could criticize institutions such as serfdom, but without any silly utopian illusions: for he knew that Man was a fallen creature, capable of improvement, perhaps, but not of perfection.
	www.city-journal.org /html/11_3_urbanities-how_and_how_no.html (4336 words)

	1, Fathers and Sons, Ivan Turgenev, 1861
		Turgenev's works were translated into French but it was not until about 1894 that Constance Garnett first translated them into English.
		Turgenev's style had a great effect on those writers who followed the banners of naturalism or realism.
		Turgenev, however, stated that he tried to obey aesthetic truth rather than write political propaganda.
	www.ibiblio.org /eldritch/ist/fas01.htm (1245 words)

	Political turbulence and Turgenev
		Turgenev had hinted at the theme of emancipating the serfs early in his career with A Hunter's Notes, collected and first published as a complete set of peasant sketches in 1852.
		Turgenev congratulated himself on contributing to the emancipation, a claim that Moser suggests can be substantiated: "The book made a solid political point without ceasing to be art" (1972, 9).
		Set in 1859, just two years before the Emancipation Act was enacted, the novel opens to "a world on the brink of extreme change" and presents a view of the confusion and breakdown of social order that these years brought to the Russian countryside (Ripp 191).
	www.richmond.edu /~dhocutt/bazarov/slavwest.htm (330 words)

	Dale Quarrington
		Once, while Dostoevsky was present, Turgenev depicted his meeting in the provinces with a person who imagined himself a genius, and painted the iridic side of the individual in a masterly fashion.
		Whereas, for Turgenev, it was the solid characters that were absolutely sure of their futurity, that Turgenev preferred to offer to his readers.
		Turgenev, however, refutes this claim of Dostoevsky’s, once the meeting had become public knowledge; to which, Turgenev thought Dostoevsky had made it public knowledge; which he hadn’t.
	www.tameri.com /csw/exist/by_others/Quarrington/dostoevsky02.htm (4265 words)

	Notes on Life and Letters - Turgenev
		Since it came to an end the social and political events in Russia have moved at an accelerated pace, but the deep origins of them, in the moral and intellectual unrest of the souls, are recorded in the whole body of his work with the unerring lucidity of a great national writer.
		But for non-Russian readers, Turgenev's Russia is but a canvas on which the incomparable artist of humanity lays his colours and his forms in the great light and the free air of the world.
		But I am aware of a few general truths, such as, for instance, that no man, whatever may be the loftiness of his character, the purity of his motives and the peace of his conscience--no man, I say, likes to be beaten with sticks during the greater part of his existence.
	www.worldwideschool.org /library/books/lit/literarystudies/NotesonLifeandLetters/chap9.html (859 words)

	Cather Studies Volume 3
		Mirsky observes in his discussion of Turgenev: "The, strong, pure, passionate, and virtuous woman, opposed to the weak, potentially generous, but ineffective and ultimately shallow man, was introduced into literature by Pushkin, and recurs again and again in the work of the realists, but nowhere more insistently than in Turgenev's" (192-93).
		However, Turgenev's most significant influence on Cather may well have involved not the kinds of characters she created but rather her sense of the role of character and its relationship to fictional structure and theme.
		The striking parallels between the fictional theories and techniques of Cather and Turgenev suggest that Willa Cather was greatly influenced by her reading of Turgenev and by James's remarks on his work.
	www.unl.edu /Cather/scholarship/cs/vol1/thenovel.htm (1882 words)

	“Fathers and Sons” - by Ivan Turgenev (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Turgenev was the first of the great Russian novelists to win fame abroad.
		What Turgenev depicts in Fathers and Sons in the the character of Bazarov, Eugene Rose (Father Seraphim) explicitly describes in his work Nihilism: The Root of the Revolution of the Modern Age.
		Turgenev himself was not a man of strong religious convictions, and he does not have the spiritual depth of a writer like Dostoevsky.
	www.roca.org /OA/138/138h.htm (1730 words)

	Turgenev Club ::: И. С. Тургенев ::: Интернет клуб :::
		The tremendous interest aroused by Turgenev's books in Russia was partly due to the fact that they were all concerned with politics--that, beside their delicate and restrained literary art, through them all ran a strain of propaganda--that they dealt with the actual burning questions of the times.
		Turgenev himself had to learn Russian from the house servants--the language of which he was afterwards to be the great master.
		Turgenev was the next of the great Russian novelists in line after Gogol, the predecessor and finally minor contemporary of the giants Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky.
	turgenev.com.ru /novel/smoke.htm (16343 words)

	Turgenev's early upbringing
		Ivan Turgenev was exposed early to Byron and Byronism in both European and Russian forms.
		Perhaps his mother's greatest contribution to Turgenev was her death in 1850, the result of which was a sizeable inheritance that, had he been a better manager of money, would have left him financially comfortable for the rest of his life (Lowe 1989, 22).
		Spasskoe became a place for Turgenev to gain inspiration, to write, and to be exiled to, though he preferred to travel and live throughout Europe.
	www.richmond.edu /~dhocutt/bazarov/upbring.htm (228 words)

	Amazon.com: Fathers and Sons (Oxford World's Classics): Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Turgenev is in fact a wonderful stylist: economical, precise, lyrical when it befits his characters, yet never wordy.
		Turgenev's approach to his characters is similarly nimble and balanced; sometimes he adopts a more distant tone, sometimes he's in a particular character's head, sometimes he gives a brief description of a character's backgound, at others a character will relate another's history from his point of view.
		In a way, Turgenev is the anti-Dostoevsky (intending no disrespect to the master); at every opportunity where he might stage a cathartic "pathetic scene"--the duel, the climactic encounter over the deathbed of one of the main characters--he stays true to the fundamentally disjointed nature of life.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0192833928?v=glance (2682 words)

	3340-3305 Turgenev Background
		Fathers and Sons to describe his philosophy, and it was Turgenev's novel which first gave the term currency.
		- The nature of Turgenev's relaitionship was unclear and has been the subject of a great deal of speculation by biographers.
		- Turgenev spent a month in jail and was then confined to his estate for over a year.
	www.trinity.edu /bholl/TurgenevBackground.htm (1363 words)

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