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Topic: Tushratta

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	Tushratta - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The document calls him king of the Hurrians, while Tushratta is given the title of "King of Mitanni", which must have disagreed with Tushratta.
		While it was common practice to incorporate enemy soldiers in the army, this might point to a Hittite attempt to counter the most potent weapon of the Mitanni, the war-chariots, by building up or strengthening their own chariot forces.
		According to a treaty later made between Suppiluliuma and Tushratta's brother Shattiwaza, after a third devastating Hittite raid Tushratta was assassinated by a group led by one of his sons.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tushratta (636 words)

	tushratta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		After the death of Akhenaton he took advantage of the political upheaval in Egypt and took possession of Mitanni.
		Tushratta disappeared during the turmoil, was probably murdered.
		There is a note that he lent Amenhophis III his miraculous statue of Ishar the Great, mistress of love and war - presumably to cement the relationship between the two countries.
	www.lind.org.zw /history/egyptiansite/tushratta.htm (58 words)

	Tushratta
		Tushratta was king of the Mitanni at the end of the reign of Amenhotep III and throughout the reign of Akhenaten.
		The marriage of Amenhotep III with his daughter Tadukhipa was the occasion for another orgy of mutual gift-giving, and his complaints about Amenhotep's failure to live up to his promises carried over into the reign of Akhenaten.
		In one letter, Tushratta replies to the Dowager Queen's request that he continue sending his embassies to her son, the new pharaoh.
	www.nigli.net /akhenaten/tushra_1.html (458 words)

	Mitanni History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		One of Artatama's daughters was given in marriage to the Egyptian king and later the duaghters of Shuttarna II and Tushratta were married to Amenhotep III.
		During Tushratta's reign, Wassukkani was sacked by the Hittite king Suppiliumas, and Tushratta was assassinated.
		Tushratta's son Mattiwaza was implicated in the assassination.
	idcs0100.lib.iup.edu /WestCivI/mitanni_history.htm (1074 words)

	The Mitanni (Naharin)
		The daughter of King Artatama was married to Tuthmose, and the daughters of Shuttarna II (Gilukhipa) and Tushratta (Tadukhipa) were married to Amenhotep III.
		During Tushratta's reign, Wassukkani was sacked by the Hittite king Suppiluliumas, and Tushratta was assassinated in the subsequent chaos.
		Suppiluliumas removed that threat by replacing Artatama with Mattiwaza, a son of Tushratta, who became king of the new vassal state of the Hittites, which was then called Hanigalbat.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/7987/mitann_1.html (546 words)

	Tadukhipa
		After her father Tushratta came to the throne of the Mitanni, Tadukhipa was sent to Egypt to marry Amenhotep III and reassert the diplomatic alliance between the two nations.
		A letter from Tushratta, dated to that year, greets her in the Egyptian court as the wife of the king.
		Most of the surviving letters Tushratta sent to Amenhotep III dealt with the lengthy negotiations for her marriage, dowry, and bride-price.
	www.nigli.net /akhenaten/tadukh_1.html (160 words)

	Informat.io on Mitanni
		It is uncertain what intrigues that followed, but UD-hi then placed Tushratta, another son of Shuttarna, on the throne.
		They sent messengers from the west bank of the Euphrates and seemed to have expected a friendly welcome, but the people were loyal to their new ruler, influenced, as Suppiluliuma claims, by the riches of Tushratta.
		Shattuara II, son or nephew of Wasashatta 1280 BC-1270 BC, or maybe the same king as Shattuara I. All dates must be taken with caution since they are worked out only by comparison with the chronology of other ancient Near Eastern nations.
	www.informat.io /?title=mitanni (4642 words)

	Amenhotep III (Part 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the first surviving letter (EA 17), Tushratta refers to the recent civil war in his country, in which his older brother Artasumara, rightful heir to the throne, was killed.
		Tushratta was clearly hungrier for the new alliance than was Amenhotep, since his claim to the throne of Naharina was still contested, and his kingdom lay in the path of Hittite aggression.
		Tushratta's side of the correspondence is alternately courtly and petulant.
	www.deepfly.org /Amunhatpi2.html (4005 words)

	[No title]
		It is thought that Amenhotep III's formidable wife, Tiy, was the daughter of Tushratta (best known of the Mitannian kings); that she was indeed the same as Taduhiba whom Tushratta married to both Amenhotep and Akhnaton [500].
		Tushratta's death gave Suppiluliumas [1700], the Hittite king, an opportunity of interfering in the affairs of Mitanni, especially after Kurtiwaza formed an alliance with Suppiluliumas (probably under duress).
		Tushratta, we are told, was killed by one of his own sons, a man named Kurtiwaza (also read Mattiwaza), who fled, half naked, to the court of Suppiluliumas.
	www.specialtyinterests.net /el_amarnas_mesopotamians.html (8229 words)

	Myth and Legend ch. 25
		Tushratta, the subject king of Mitanni, writing to Amenhotep, declared, when he asked for gold "in great quantity" that "in the land of my brother gold is as plentiful as dust".
		He was laid aside by some disease--either paralysis or insanity--which Tushratta of Mitanni sought to cure by sending on two occasions images of the goddess Ishtar.
		The existence of strained relations between the Amon temple and the royal palace during the boyhood of the future Pharaoh may well have infused his mind with that bitterness against the great religious cult of Thebes which he afterwards did his utmost to give practical expression to by doctrinal teachings and open persecution.
	www.earth-history.com /Egypt/Myth/eml25.htm (2460 words)

	"Forgotten Empires" Remembered - Text
		The Amarna period is the time of Suppiluliumas of the Hittites, Tushratta of Mitanni, Ashuruballit I of Assyria, and Burnaburiash II of Karduniash.
		Tushratta's son and successor is known to us as Shattiwaza,[29] and the Hittite records give us an opportunity to hear his side of the story.
		According to the historical preamble to the treaty concluded between Suppiluliumas and Shattiwaza, Tushratta was killed by one of his sons some time after the loss of Carchemish, an event which we have dated to his twenty-eighth year.
	www.starways.net /lisa/essays/mitanni.html (7113 words)

	Tadukhipa Encyclopedia Article @ Disappearance.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Tadukhipa, in Hurrian language Tadu-Hepa, was the daughter of Tushratta, king of Mitanni (reigned ca.
		She is believed to have been born around Year 21 of the reign of Egyptian Pharaoh Amenhotep III, (ca.
		Fifteen years later, Tushratta married his daughter to his ally Amenhotep III to cement their two states alliances.
	www.disappearance.net /encyclopedia/Tadukhipa (295 words)

	Amarna Letters
		Five cuneiform tablets were found naming Tushratta, a Mitanni king who was father-in-law to Amenhotep III and Akhenaten, another five from the Babylonian king Kadashman-Enlil and a few letters mentioning by name the Kassite king of Babylonia Burnaburiash, and the king of Arzawa.
		Letter of Tushratta to Amenhotep III informing the pharaoh, that he is sending him a statue of the goddess Ishtar.
		Tushratta loaning a statue of the goddess Ishtar to Amenhotep III (EA 23)
	nefertiti.iwebland.com /amarnaletters.htm (950 words)

	Letter from Tushratta to Amenhotep III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is addressed to Amenhotep III from Tushratta, king of Mitanni (centred in modern Syria).
		Tushratta calls the pharaoh his 'brother', with the suggestion that they are of equal rank.
		Tushratta goes on to inform Amenhotep that, with the consent of the goddess Ishtar, he has sent a statue of her to Egypt.
	www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk /compass/ixbin/goto?id=OBJ4562 (273 words)

	Biografía - Tushratta
		Tushratta intentó el contraataque pero no alcanzó sus objetivos.
		Estas derrotas ponían a Tushratta en una complicada situación respecto a los miembros de su nobleza, cansados de la pérdida de prestigio del reino.
		Uno de sus hijos asesinó a Tushratta, iniciándose un periodo de guerras civiles en Mitanni que caracterizarán los reinados de sus sucesores.
	www.artehistoria.com /historia/personajes/4076.htm (296 words)

	Amarna Letters: Tushratta
		It is well with me. May it be well with you; with Kelu-Heba [3], my sister, may it be well; with your household, your wives, your sons, your nobles, your warriors, your horses, your chariots, and throughout your land may it be very well.
		[4] Father's throne: After the death of Shuttarna II his eldest son Artassumara accessed to the throne but was toppled in a coup d'état and Tushratta was enthroned.
		[5] Artashumara, it is unknown whether he was a brother of Tushratta or a brother king.
	www.reshafim.org.il /ad/egypt/a-tushratta.htm (486 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Correspondence in Clay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In this case, Tushratta announced that he was sending one of his mistresses as a gift to the pharaoh.
		A kinship evolved between the rulers that elevated Tushratta above the role of a mere ally, and the terms of endearment in the letters to him were probably more than matters of protocol.
		Tushratta, the king of Mitanni who was offended by a questionable gift from the pharaoh, plainly conceded, "In Egypt, gold is more plentiful than dirt." In the same letter, he elaborated on why he and his friends were not impressed with the gift of gold recently sent to him:
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/199906/correspondence.in.clay.htm (2546 words)

	Akhenaten: Life, History, Image (Part 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		According to Tushratta, Amenhotep IV had then taken Tadukhipa as his own bride and sent Tushratta two statues of gilded wood in place of the ones of solid gold.
		The outcome is unknown; in Tushratta's last surviving letter in the Amarna archives (EA 29), the dispute remains unresolved.
		Tushratta appeals to the queen mother because, as he claims, Tiyi was the closest confidant of her late husband, Amenhotep III.
	www.deepfly.org /Akhenaten2.html (5196 words)

	Myths of Babylon and Assyria: Chapter XII. Rise of the Hittites, Mitannians, Kassites, Hyksos, and Assyrians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In his correspondence with Amenhotep III Tushratta tells that his kingdom had been invaded by the Hittites, but his god Teshup had delivered them into his hand, and he destroyed them; "not one of them", he declared, "returned to his own country".
		It was during the third Amenhotep's illness that Tushratta forwarded the Nineveh image of Ishtar to Egypt, and he made reference to its having been previously sent thither by his father, Sutarna.
		When Akhenaton came to the throne Tushratta wrote to him, desiring to continue the friendship which had existed for two or three generations between the kings of Mitanni and Egypt, and made complimentary references to "the distinguished Queen Tiy", Akhenaton's mother, who evidently exercised considerable influence in shaping Egypt's foreign policy.
	www.earth-history.com /Babylon/myths/mba18.htm (6891 words)

	Rohl's fallacious chronology
		The tone of concern was strange, as Akhenaten had exchanged gifts with Tushratta and was soon to marry his daughter.
		In the wake of the Hittite march through Syria, Mitanni began to crumble, Tushratta was assassinated, and his dynasty shattered.
		When the dust settled, the entire plain of central Mesopotamia had become a power vacuum, bordered on the northwest by a "superpower," Khatte, and on the east by the newly liberated state of Assyria.
	lists.ibiblio.org /pipermail/b-hebrew/1999-September/004394.html (735 words)

	Cocoa Lounge - powered by XMB
		In his monument-building craze, he devoted a number of shrines to Tiye, built a palace for her, and even went so far as to build a gigantic artificial lake for her (Redford, 1984).
		We know from her son's correspondance with Tushratta, the king of Mitanni, that Tiye wielded a good deal of political influence, as is often the case for women in matrilineal societies (in which the line of descent goes through the women rather than the men).
		Tushratta sent letters to Tiye herself to ask her help in influencing her son (AT 26, Trans.
	cocoalounge.org /viewthread.php?fid=71&tid=34582&action=printable (1592 words)

	[No title]
		Whilst this king Parattarna is conventionally dated to c.1500 BC, I think that (from a revised point of view) he should instead be located to the C10th BC on the basis of his closeness to Tushratta of the mid-C9th BC.
		As is often the case with conventional lists, some of these kings may be duplicates, thereby requiring a degree of shortening of time between Parattarna and Tushratta (who is also Abdi-shirta of the el-Amarna [EA] correspondence and Yuya of the EA era in Egypt).
		I have discussed previously Ben-Hadad I's (especially as Tushratta) insatiable desire for gold, and how he had provided harems (including his sisters and daughters) for Amenhotep III 'the Magnificent', whose desire was for women, not gold, which was as plentiful as dust in Egypt.
	www.specialtyinterests.net /the_mitannians.html (6179 words)

	Marriage as a tool of foreign politics
		Tushratta, the king of Mitanni always mentioned his sister and later his daughter, married to the pharaoh, in his letters; but he was probably at least as much concerned about the political alliance the marriage was supposed to strengthen as about the girls' well-being.
		After the murder of Tushratta (ca.1360), Mitanni was finally incorporated into Assyria (ca.1300) [5].
		Their military force and diplomatic clout were important to Artatama, king of Mitanni, and vital to Tushratta, his son, beset by enemies from within and without, though they could not save him or his country.
	nefertiti.iwebland.com /political_marriages.htm (1919 words)

	SUPPILULIUMA-SHATTIWAZA TREATY
		Now the troops, which had escaped from me, had entered the land of Isuwa and all these troops and these lands, which had become hostile in the time of my father, were dwelling beyond the land of Isuwa among the enemy.
		Because of the presumptuousness of King Tushratta, I plundered all of these lands in one year and brought them to Hatti.
		And with the death of King Tushratta, the Storm-god decided the legal case of Artatama.
	www.geocities.com /farfarer2001/hittite_letters/suppiluliuma_shattiwaza_treaty.htm (1278 words)

	Tushratta - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
		Pese a los esfuerzos de Tushratta de mantener la amistad con los faraones (tal y como registran las cartas de Amarna, en donde recuerda a Ajenatón y a la reina madre Tiy su amistad con el país, y les conmina a que le echen una mano frente a los hititas).
		Desesperado, Tushratta trata de recomponer sus alianzas con los principados sirios, pero ya la mayoría han caído bajo la influencia hitita, y Suppiluliuma no tarda en invadir Mitanni y llegar a su capital, huyendo Tushratta y toda su corte.
		Tushratta murió asesinado por uno de sus hijos, y con ello comenzaría la guerra civil que desintegraría del todo Mitanni.
	es.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tushratta (565 words)

	Lands around Egypt
		Amenhotep III especially had close ties with the Mitanni kings Shuttarna and Tushratta.
		Both Mitanni kings sent their daughters to become a wife of Amenhotep III (Ghilukhepa from Shuttarna, Tadukhepa from Tushratta).
		The Mitanni kingdom came to an end when Suppiluliumas launched an Hittite attack upon the kingdom - Tushratta was killed, once he was dead internal and external conflict split the kingdom.
	members.tripod.com /~ib205/foreign_lands.html (2104 words)

	New Page 1
		Tushratta, king of Mitanni married his daughter Tadukhipa to Akhenaten; Tushratta was assassinated
		Tushratta to Amenophis III; Letter #23; Letter #26 to Tiye; Letter to Akhenaten
		Suppiluliuma I Hittite king, founder of Hittite empire 1344-1322 married a daughter of Babylonian king; killed by the plague.
	fontes.lstc.edu /~rklein/Documents/lb.htm (988 words)

	Amarna Letters: A Letter from Tushratta to the King of Egypt
		Thus speaks Tushratta, King of Mitanni who loves you, your father-in-law.
		May everything be well for you, for your house, for Tadu-Heba [2], my daughter, your wife whom you love.
		[3] To an embattled ally like Tushratta the state of the Egyptian military power was of some consequence.
	www.touregypt.net /amarna7.htm (311 words)

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