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Topic: Tyrosinase

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	Tyrosinase - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tyrosinase (monophenol monooxygenase) (EC 1.14.18.1; CAS number: 9002-10-2) is an enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of phenols (such as tyrosine) and is widespread in plants and animals.
		Tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme present in plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine by oxidation, as in the flening of a peeled or sliced potato exposed to air.
		The activity of tyrosinase is similar to catechol oxidase, a related class of copper oxidases.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tyrosinase (221 words)

	Oculocutaneous albinism types 1 and 3 are ER retention diseases: mutation of tyrosinase or Tyrp1 can affect the ...
		Mutations in tyrosinase or Tyrp1 prolong the association of calnexin to mutant and to wild-type tyrosinase, Tyrp1, and Dct.
		Mutations in tyrosinase or Tyrp1 prolong the association of Bip to mutant and to wild-type tyrosinase, Tyrp1, and Dct.
		, we proposed that Tyrp1 stabilizes tyrosinase in melanosomes,
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/15/12/2149 (7660 words)

	Tyrosinase Mutations
		Mutations of the tyrosinase gene associated with OCA1.
		Tyrosinase gene mutations associated with type IB ("yellow") oculocutaneous albinism.
		Passmore, L. A., Kaesmann-Kellner, B., Weber, B. Novel and recurrent mutations in the tyrosinase gene and the P gene in the German albino population.
	albinismdb.med.umn.edu /oca1mut.html (1777 words)

	Use of the Neurospora tyrosinase gene as a reporter gene in transformation experiments.
		The protyrosinase encoded by the tyrosinase gene is an enzymatically inactive precursor molecule which must have the carboxyl terminus removed by proteolytic processing to become an active enzyme.
		The inefficiency of intracellular proteolytic processing in mycelia was demonstrated by Western blot analysis and by the increase in tyrosinase activity seen as a function of incubation of the extract at 25øC prior to assaying for tyrosinase activity.
		When quantitating the levels of tyrosinase activity in transformants, we suggest that the cellular extracts are dialyzed against 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6, for at least two hours at room temperature to remove endogenous substrate and to allow for the proteolytic processing of the protyrosinase molecules.
	www.fgsc.net /fgn/kothe.html (1198 words)

	Tyrosinase Expression during Neuroblast Divisions Affects Later Pathfinding by Retinal Ganglion Cells -- Cronin et al. ...
		Occulocutaneous albinism is caused by mutations in the gene
		Tyrosinase gene is repressed, and the phenotype is albino.
		Tyrosinase is necessary throughout the period of neuroblast divisions that produce ipsilaterally projecting ganglion cells.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/23/37/11692 (4208 words)

	Tyrosinase: a developmentally specific major determinant of peripheral dopamine -- EISENHOFER et al. 17 (10): 1248 -- ...
		Tyrosinase (left column) is expressed by melanocytes in hair follicles (arrows) at all ages.
		Tyrosinase is also present along the border between the dermis and epidermis (arrowheads) at day 3 and to a lesser extent at day 6; by day 9 and thereafter epidermal tyrosinase in dorsal skin is no longer detectable.
		Tief, K., Schmidt, A., Aguzzi, A., Beermann, F. (1996) Tyrosinase is a new marker for cell populations in the mouse neural tube.
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/17/10/1248 (4546 words)

	Tyrosinase antibodies from RDI Divison of Fitzgerald Industries Intl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		1 Tyrosinase is a copper-containing metalloglycoprotein that catalyzes several steps in the melanin pigment biosynthetic pathway; the hydroxylation of tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxy-phenylalanine(dopa), and the subsequent oxidation of dopa to dopaquinone.
		Mutations of the tyrosinase gene occur in various forms of albinism.
		Tyrosinase is one of the targets for cytotoxic T-cell recognition in melanoma patients.
	www.researchd.com /miscabs/tyrosina.htm (250 words)

	Protein Kinase C-beta Activates Tyrosinase by Phosphorylating Serine Residues in Its Cytoplasmic Domain -- Park et al. ...
		co-localizes with tyrosinase on the outer membrane of melanosomes.
		Tyrosinase antibody was labeled with 10-nm immunogold beads, and each of the PKC antibodies was labeled with 5-nm immunogold beads.
		Subsequently, tyrosinase from trypsin-treated and untreated melanosomes was immunoprecipitated using antibodies directed against the inner domain (33) or the full-length tyrosinase (33), respectively.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/274/23/16470 (6246 words)

	Functional dissection of the mouse tyrosinase locus control region identifies a new putative boundary activity -- ...
		15 kb upstream of the tyrosinase gene (13).
		with the endogenous tyrosinase gene being silent (54,63).
		Porter,S.D. and Meyer,C.J. (1994) A distal tyrosinase upstream element stimulates gene expression in neural-crest-derived melanocytes of transgenic mice: position-independent and mosaic expression.
	nar.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/31/21/6290 (8884 words)

	Endoplasmic reticulum retention is a common defect associated with tyrosinase-negative albinism -- Halaban et al. 97 ...
		The migration of tyrosinase in all of the coimmunoprecipitated reaction products is artificially retarded because of protein overloading contributed by the presence of high amounts of antibodies.
		Tyrosinase was precipitated directly with anti-tyrosinase antibodies (Tyr) or as an associated protein with anti-calnexin (CNX) or anti-calreticulin (CRT) antibodies.
		Tyrosinase processing and intracellular trafficking is disrupted in mouse primary melanocytes carrying the underwhite (uw) mutation.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/97/11/5889 (4956 words)

	Possible involvement of proteolytic degradation of tyrosinase in the regulatory effect of fatty acids on melanogenesis ...
		Possible involvement of proteolytic degradation of tyrosinase in the regulatory effect of fatty acids on melanogenesis -- Ando et al.
		of glycosylated tyrosinase was not altered by incubation with
		that tyrosinase in melanocytes was synthesized rapidly and that
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/40/7/1312 (3102 words)

	Detection of tyrosinase mRNA in melanoma by reverse transcription-PCR and electrochemiluminescence -- O'Connell et al. ...
		Detection of tyrosinase mRNA in melanoma by reverse transcription-PCR and electrochemiluminescence -- O'Connell et al.
		ECL detection of tyrosinase mRNA expression of the M12 cells.
		Assessment of tyrosinase mRNA expression in the blood of melanoma patients.
	www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/44/6/1161 (4265 words)

	Tyrosinase Mutants Are Capable of Prodrug Activation in Transfected Nonmelanotic Cells -- Simonova et al. 60 (23): 6656 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Tyrosinase Mutants Are Capable of Prodrug Activation in Transfected Nonmelanotic Cells -- Simonova et al.
		Tyrosinase Mutants Are Capable of Prodrug Activation in Transfected Nonmelanotic Cells
		tyrosinase constructs as described in Ref. 35 at 48 h after transfection.
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/60/23/6656 (4615 words)

	Human Cytokine Data Sheets (Recombinant Tyrosinase) available through RDI Divison of Fitzgerald Industries Intl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Background: Tyrosinase is a copper-containing metalloglycoprotein that catalyzes several steps in the melanin pigment biosynthetic pathway.
		Tyrosinase and melan A are the most commonly expressed melanoma markers and are found in approximately 80 to 100 per cent of cases.
		Formulation: Recombinant Human Tyrosinase protein at 100µg/ml in 50mM Tris-Acetate, pH7.5, 1mM EDTA, 20% Glycerol without BSA and Sodium Azide.
	www.researchd.com /cytokines/pro9346.htm (213 words)

	Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara for Delivery of Human Tyrosinase as Melanoma-associated Antigen: Induction of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		with the full-length tyrosinase gene (45) and a mutated CDK4
		tyrosinase gene was excised with EcoRI from plasmid pcDNAI/Amp-Tyr
		Halaban R., Cheng E., Zhang Y. H., Moellmann G., Hanlon D., Michalak M., Setaluri V., Hebert D. Aberrant retention of tyrosinase in the endoplasmic reticulum mediates accelerated degradation of the enzyme and contributes to the dedifferentiated phenotype of amelanotic melanoma cells.
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/59/19/4955 (7157 words)

	Betaxanthins as Substrates for Tyrosinase. An Approach to the Role of Tyrosinase in the Biosynthetic Pathway of ...
		The structural unit of betalains is derived from the amino acid Tyr by the action of the enzymes tyrosinase and 4,5-dioxygenase (see text for details).
		The proposed detention of the oxidation process mediated by tyrosinase implies the existence of a reducing agent in the medium.
		The involvement of tyrosinase in the biosynthetic pathway of
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/138/1/421 (5839 words)

	Tyrosinase mRNA in Blood of Patients With Melanoma Treated With Adjuvant Interferon -- Mellado et al. 20 (19): 4032 -- ...
		Tyrosinase mRNA in Blood of Patients With Melanoma Treated With Adjuvant Interferon -- Mellado et al.
		Tyrosinase mRNA in Blood of Patients With Melanoma Treated With Adjuvant Interferon
		Glaser R, Rass K, Seiter S, et al: W. Detection of circulating melanoma cells by specific amplification of tyrosinase complementary DNA is not a reliable tumor marker in melanoma patients.
	www.jco.org /cgi/content/full/20/19/4032 (4526 words)

	Carbohydrates act as sorting determinants in ER-associated degradation of tyrosinase -- Svedine et al. 117 (14): 2937 ...
		glycans on tyrosinase is used by the cell as a maturation and
		Unglycosylated tyrosinase is indicated by a double arrowhead.
		In intact melanocytes, tyrosinase is a substrate of the proteasome,
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/117/14/2937 (7264 words)

	Human Melanoma Patients Recognize an HLA-A1-Restricted CTL Epitope from Tyrosinase Containing Two Cysteine Residues: ...
		Recognition of tyrosinase by VMM12 and VMM15 CTL is restricted by HLA-A1.
		The tyrosinase gene codes for an antigen recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes on HLA-A2 melanomas.
		A tyrosinase nonapeptide presented by HLA-B44 is recognized on a human melanoma by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/160/5/2099 (6778 words)

	GeneCard for TYR
		Kwon B.S. Soluble tyrosinase is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradationsubstrate retained in the ER by calreticulin and BiP/GRP78 and not calnexin.
		Popescu C.I....Petrescu S.M. Establishment of tyrosinase sequence database in normally pigmented Indiansand Japanese for rapid determination of novel mutations.
		Miyamura Y....Tomita Y. Detection of 53 novel DNA variations within the tyrosinase gene and accumulation of mutations in 17 patients with albinism.
	www.genecards.org /cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=TYR (1020 words)

	Quantitative Analysis of Tyrosinase Transcripts in Blood -- Johansson et al. 46 (7): 921 -- Clinical Chemistry
		of the tyrosinase gene, and on amplification of tyrosinase,
		Gläser R, Rass K, Seiter S, Hauschild A, Christophers E, Tilgen W. Detection of circulating melanoma cells by specific amplification of tyrosinase complementary DNA is not a reliable tumor marker in melanoma patients: a clinical two-center study.
		Reproducibility of detection of tyrosinase and MART-1 transcripts in the peripheral blood of melanoma patients: a quality control study using real-time quantitative RT-PCR.
	www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/46/7/921 (3841 words)

	tyrosinase - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "tyrosinase" is defined.
		tyrosinase : The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language [home, info]
		Phrases that include tyrosinase: beta tyrosinase, tyrosinase peptide
	www.onelook.com /?w=tyrosinase (135 words)

	Arch Ophthalmol -- Abstract: Induction of Tyrosinase Gene Transcription in Human Iris Organ Cultures Exposed to ...
		Arch Ophthalmol -- Abstract: Induction of Tyrosinase Gene Transcription in Human Iris Organ Cultures Exposed to Latanoprost, June 2001, Lindsey et al.
		Induction of Tyrosinase Gene Transcription in Human Iris Organ Cultures Exposed to Latanoprost
		tyrosinase expression ranged from 6.4-fold to 265-fold greater
	archopht.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/abstract/119/6/853 (284 words)

	Identification of Autoreactive T Cells in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease -- Gocho et al. 42 (9): 2004 -- Investigative ...
		of the tyrosinase gene family that are the enzymes involved
		The 30-mer Peptides Derived from Tyrosinase and TRP1
		a mixture of 30-mer peptides of tyrosinase or TRP1.
	www.iovs.org /cgi/content/full/42/9/2004 (3447 words)

	Catechol Oxidase (Tyrosinase) - Enzymes
		Other names for catechol oxidase are diphenol oxidase and tyrosinase.
		Normal tyrosinase converts the amino acid tyrosine into melanine (fl pigment).
		In these two types of animals with this enzyme that denatures at normal body temperatures, the fl is formed only on the colder extremities of the body.
	www.science-projects.com /Tyrosinase.htm (1267 words)

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