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Topic: U.S. Intervention in Chile

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1973 coup in Chile

Chilean coup of 1973

History of Chile

Salvador Allende

1973 coup in Chile

Chile under Pinochet

Augusto Pinochet

1970 Chilean presidential election

Miracle of Chile

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Eduardo Frei Montalva

Chile

Chile - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Chile's Constitution was approved in a tightly controlled national plebiscite in September 1980, under the military government of Augusto Pinochet. Chile is the longest (N-S) country in the world (over 4,200km), and also claims a large section of Antarctica as part of its territory. Chile is an active member of the UN family of agencies and participates in UN peacekeeping activities. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chile   (5586 words)

U.S. intervention in Chile - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In her evaluation of United States foreign policy around the time of the coup in Chile, Jeane Kirkpatrick, later U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, highlighted her country's lack of overt aggressiveness in the developing world while events were transpiring in Chile. According to the 1975 Church Report, covert United States involvement in Chile in the decade between 1963 and 1973 was extensive and continuous. For example, a formal instruction was issued on 16 October 1970 to the CIA base in Chile, saying in part, "It is firm and continuing policy that Allende be overthrown by a coup. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/U.S._intervention_in_Chile   (1766 words)

Chile -- The 2002 Index of Economic Freedom, The Heritage Foundation Chile's fiscal burden of government score is 0.5 point better this year; however, both its government intervention and regulation scores are 1 point worse. Chile has been a model of economic reform for Latin America since the beginning of the 1980sa record of success that is due in large measure to a trade policy of unilateral liberalization coupled with an almost uniform tariff rate. Chile's banking system meets Basle standards and is very competitive; a majority of the country's 27 banks (and one specialist consumer lending company) are foreign-affiliated and compete on the same terms as their domestic rivals. cf.heritage.org /index/country.cfm?ID=29.0   (1381 words)

Accountability on Chile Throughout the country, there is outrage at this dramatic evidence of US intervention in Chile's internal affairs. In Chile, where even the pro-Pinochet media have been forced to report on the declassified US records, this history is only now having a major impact on the national psyche. Some officials fear that Washington could be held liable for covert war crimes in Chile-that the long arm o international justice that nabbed Augusto Pinochet could someday reach US officials. www.thirdworldtraveler.com /South_America/Accountability_Chile.html   (473 words)

ZNet Commentary Three days after the court case, the Chile Declassification Project of the Clinton White House released 16,000 secret US records of Washington's role in the 1973 overthrow of Salvador Allende as well as in the advent of the military junta to power. While the fate of Pinochet hangs on these court cases, the fate of Chile hangs on a proper account of the trauma of the dictatorship: only with truth can there be reconciliation, but only with justice can there be a tomorrow. On 14 September 1973, the military beat and killed the folk singer and theatre director Victor Jara, a premonition of the destruction of Chile's active independent theatre. www.zmag.org /ZSustainers/ZDaily/2000-11/15prashad.htm   (2326 words)

U.S. Policy / Chile Chile is a well-documented example of covert destabilization by the U.S., and NameBase includes several books on the subject. Charles Horman was a 30-year-old American free-lance journalist in Chile during the 1973 coup. The CIA had been passing out money since 1964 to influence elections in Chile, but Salvador Allende won the presidency in 1970 anyway. www.namebase.org /books73.html   (582 words)

RRojas Databank: The Róbinson Rojas Archive.-The role of U.S. imperialism in Latin America. By Róbinson Rojas The covert intervention in Chile was probably unprecedented in scope, style and duration, perhaps because the circumstances were so special: no other socialist revolutionary movement has come close to triumph in South America, much less elected to office. But though the degree of clandestine U.S. intervention against Allende may have been exceptional, particularly as late as the 1970s, none of the specific activities undertaken in Chile was unprecedented. What the U.S. government did in and to Chile during the 1960s and early 1970s was not unique in U.S.-Latin American relations, although it was in some ways anachronistic, a residue of programs set in motion early in the 1960s, at the height of the cold war and of the Alliance for Progress. www.rrojasdatabank.org /foh4.htm   (3085 words)

CIA Chile Helms' hand-written notes of the meeting have become famous: "One in ten chance perhaps, but save Chile!" and "Not concerned with risks involved." Nixon and Kissinger even made it clear to the CIA that an assassination of Allende would not be unwelcome and one White House options-paper discussed various ways this could be carried out. The United Nation's General Assembly, with substantial majorities, consistently denounced the military junta in Chile for it's "cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment of its people", for its violations of human rights, its torture practices and the unexplained deaths of political prisoners. Revelations that President Richard Nixon had ordered the CIA to "make the economy scream" in Chile to "prevent Allende from coming to power or to unseat him," prompted a major scandal in the mid-1970s, and a major investigation by the U.S. Senate. home.comcast.net /~painehouse/News/Chile.htm   (2138 words)

Chile Information Project -- "Santiago Times" -- Political, Environment, Human Rights, Economic News; November 9, 1998 While political analysts discount the possibility that Army Commander-in-Chief General Ricardo Izurieta would support a call by the right for military intervention in Chile's political life, they do point out that the Army's ranks are still full of hard-core Pinochet supporters with whom Izurieta must deal. Chile's shame is that we have not been able to achieve what the international community is now doing for us. Last year, Chile exported 170 million boxes of fruit, but wet weather caused by El Nino meant that some of Chile's fruit arrived to distant markets in less that optimum condition, and stonefruit exports were down by 20 percent. ssdc.ucsd.edu /news/chip/h98/chip.19981109.html   (4412 words)

CHILE - VIRTUAL TRUTH COMMISSION Hathaway was later released, as the result of the intervention of a Chilean businessman, a family friend. He characterizes September 11 as "our D-Day," and states that "Chile's coup de etat [sic] was close to perfect." His report provides details on Chilean military operations during and after the coup, as well as glowing commentary on the character of the new regime. CHILE: DECLASSIFIED U.S. November 16, 1973: Department of State, Chilean Executions: This memo, sent to the Secretary of State by Jack Kubisch, states that summary executions in the nineteen days following the coup totaled 320 -- more than three times the publicly acknowledged figure. www.geocities.com /~virtualtruth/chile3.htm   (2826 words)

CNN.com - Documents reveal U.S. funding for Chile coup - November 13, 2000 He was returned to Chile, where he faces trial for abuses that prosecutors allege he committed during his years in power. "It may be of interest that in 1964, CIA conducted a (deleted) election operation in Chile (deleted) which contributed to the election of Eduardo Frei to the presidency," said a memo, written before March 1969 elections. However, a Senate committee chaired by Sen. Frank Church, D-Idaho, had confirmed that the CIA had participated in covert operations in Chile, and that the agency had attempted to foment a military coup in 1970 after Allende had been elected president. archives.cnn.com /2000/WORLD/americas/11/13/cia.chile.02   (1020 words)

U.S. Responsibility for the Coup in Chile Another form of direct intervention in Chile was sponsored by the American Institute for Free Labor Development. Chile's foreign-exchange reserves fell from $335 million in November, 1970 to $100 million by the end of 1971, and in August, 1972, Chile became the first country in the International Monetary Fund to completely exhaust its Special Drawing Rights. Chile had been importing half of the amount annually for several years prior to 1970, but in 1971 and 1972 U.S. exports to Chile declined to negligible amounts. www.namebase.org /chile.html   (3718 words)

Mark Niesse in Santiago: Chile History 101 On Sept. 11, 1973, Gen. Augusto Pinochet ordered an Air Force strike on the La Moneda, the seat of Chile's government. It is imperative that these actions be implemented clandestinely and securely so that the USG and American hand be well hidden..." -- A communique (http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB8/ch05-01.htm) to the CIA base in Chile, issued on October 16, 1970 "Once Allende comes to power we shall do all within our power to condemn Chile and all Chileans to utmost deprivation and poverty." -- Edward M. Korry, US Ambassador to Chile, upon hearing of Allende's election. home.comcast.net /~mniesse/blogger/2005/02/chile-history-101.html   (251 words)

Wellesley Lecture Will Focus on Dictators and Human Rights “Chile has become so important in the news because Pinochet, the dictator, has lost amnesty for crimes against humanity recently, so this subject is a very timely one,” Agosín noted. Dinges has written about the conspiracy between Chile, Argentina and Uruguay, and what really happened during the dictatorships in all three countries, especially Chile.” Kornbluth is director of the National Security Archive’s Chile Documentation Project. www.wellesley.edu /PublicAffairs/Releases/2005/030505.html   (275 words)

Chilean coup of 1973 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In a 2003 interview on the U.S. Black Entertainment Television network, U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell was asked about why the United States saw itself as the "moral superior" in the Iraq conflict, citing the Chilean coup as an example of U.S. intervention that went against the wishes of the local population. That the U.S. planned a potential coup in Chile is evident in a secret cable from Thomas Karamessines, the CIA Deputy Director of Plans, to the Santiago CIA station, dated October 16, 1970, after the election but before Allende's inauguration. In Chile's 1970 presidential election, in accordance with the constitution, Congress resolved the 3-way split — between Salvador Allende (with 36.3% of the vote), conservative (and former president) Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez (35.8%), and the Christian Democrat Radomiro Tomic (27.9%) — by voting to approve Allende's narrow plurality. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chilean_coup_of_1973   (4585 words)

Articles - Chile Chile's current president-elect is the former health and later defense minister Michelle Bachelet, daughter of Alberto Bachelet, an air force general who was captured and tortured in the military coup of 1973 and died shortly after. Chile's Constitution was approved in a tightly controlled national plebiscite in September 1980, under the military government of Augusto Pinochet. Chile unilaterally lowered its across-the-board import tariff for all countries with which it does not have a trade agreement to 6% in 2003. www.ccomplete.com /articles/Chile   (6172 words)

Chile 1964-1973 Kh "U.S. government intervention in Chile in 1964 was blatant and almost obscene," said one intelligence officer strategically placed at the time. US government financial assistance or guarantees to American private investment in Chile were cut back sharply and American businesses were given the word to tighten the economic noose. Some of the scarcity resulted from Chile being a society in transition: various changeovers to state ownership, experiments in workers' control, etc. But this was minor compared to the effect of the aid squeeze and the practices of the omnipresent American corporations. www.thirdworldtraveler.com /Blum/Chile_KH.html   (2241 words)

Discussion Questions -- Covert Intervention in Chile, 1970-1973 What were U.S. economic and political interests in Chile at the time of Allende's election in 1970? What are the various forms of intervention illustrated in this case? Did past intervention justify present or future intervention? www.public.asu.edu /~ellswork/DisChile.htm   (114 words)

Forbes.com: Chile Central Bank denies forex intervention SANTIAGO, Chile, Nov 6 (Reuters) - Chile's Central Bank said on Thursday it was not intervening in the foreign exchange market even though the peso weakened in reaction to its decision to swap its "exchange-rate" bonds for dollar-denominated ones. Research topics related to this story in the eLibrary news and magazine archives. www.forbes.com /markets/newswire/2003/11/06/rtr1138091.html   (439 words)

Chile Information Project -- "Santiago Times" -- Political, Environment, Human Rights, Economic News; September 16, 1998 Twenty five years after the military coup which overthrew the UP government, the topic of U.S. intervention in Chile continues to generate immense interest in the country. Their disclosure is also the result of recent petitions for U.S. government documents made by Spanish courts investigating the deaths of Spanish citizens in Chile during the military regime. According to the article, this is the first time that the public has access to the CIA documents about the FUBELT project, the final aim of which was to promote a military coup in Chile. ssdc.ucsd.edu /news/chip/h98/chip.19980916.html   (3403 words)

U.S. Dept. of State FOIA - Church Report (Covert Action in Chile 1963-1973) Chile had the extensive bureaucratic infrastructure to plan and administer a national development program; moreover, its history of popular support for Socialist, Communist and other leftist parties was perceived in Washington as flirtation with communism. Chile has an advanced social welfare program, although its activities did not reach the majority of the poor until popular participation began to be exerted in the early 1960's. The economic offensive against Chile, undertaken as a part of Track I, was intended to demonstrate the foreign economic reaction to Allende's accession to power, as well as to preview the future consequences of his regime. foia.state.gov /Reports/ChurchReport.asp   (13245 words)

U.S. Intervention in Peru, Founding Conference of the IEC In the 1987 Military Review, US counter-insurgency expert, John Waghelstein wrote a piece analyzing how to deal with the problem of religious and academic groups in the US opposing military intervention against revolutionary movements in Latin America. US Drug Enforcement agents have used the deadly chemical herbicide "Spike" to poison the land and destroy crops of peasant communities in the name of coca eradication. But the US is coming to grips with the fact their "low-intensity" strategy is being defeated in Peru and they will have to get involved in a big way and be ready to take heavy losses. www.csrp.org /iec/ocasio.htm   (2443 words)

CNN.com - Documents reveal U.S. funding for Chile coup - November 13, 2000 U.S. officials released 16,000 government documents on Monday, including a CIA memorandum indicating $1 million in covert aid had been given to Chilean opposition parties in an effort to undermine then-Chilean President Salvador Allende socialist government. WASHINGTON -- U.S. officials released documents on Monday acknowledging the CIA had provided covert aid 30 years ago to undermine Chile's government, but analysts say some of the most important documents have not yet been made public. CIA officials have said the file would not have information useful to U.S. Justice Department investigators, who are trying to determine whether Gen. Augusto Pinochet, who toppled Chile's president and then ruled the country for 17 years, also should be indicted for Letelier's murder. archives.cnn.com /2000/WORLD/americas/11/13/cia.chile.02   (1020 words)

eLexi - das Onlinelexikon U.S. White House briefing on terror threats of August 6, 2001 The Poetry Bookshop, which ran in Bloomsbury, London, from 1913 to 1926, was the brainchild of Harold Monro, and was supported by his moderate income. U.S. list of state sponsors of international terrorism www.elexi.de /index_en/index_u_.html   (167 words)

Old School U.S. Intervention Model Used in Venezuela The National Endowment for Democracy, the U.S. Agency for International Development and the Central Intelligence Agency shared terrain in that small Central American nation and these entities applied a series of methodologies that had been successful in prior interventions in Chile, the Philippines and Panama, to name a few. In the case of Venezuela, the U.S. has utilized its successful model of “democratic intervention”, which involves the funneling of funds into opposition groups and political parties and the essential political training that enables its counterparts to successfully obtain their objective. In fact, U.S. assistance, through the National Endowment for Democracy and U.S. Agency for International Development, was made contingent on the unity of the sixteen principal opposition parties in Chile. www.venezuelanalysis.com /articles.php?artno=1286   (1788 words)

Economics leads to intervention in Venezuela (printable version) But there are other reasons for this concern and for the possible intervention by the U.S. in the internal affairs of another Latin American country. Economics leads to intervention in Venezuela (printable version) Venezuela is one of the main suppliers of oil to the U.S. The supporters of President Chavez poured into the streets demanding his return. www.rgj.com /news/printstory.php?id=65602   (645 words)

MIM Notes Like the war in Vietnam, the invasion of Panama, and "covert" U.S. intervention in Chile, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, this war was fought to extend U.S. economic and political power--in this case, power over the oil reserves in the Persian Gulf and the whole Middle East. U.S. military intervention serves to bolster the exploitation of these nations and cannot bring democracy or peace--not in Iraq, not in Somalia, not in Haiti, not in Bosnia. In fact, the U.S. military recently expanded its presence in the Persian Gulf, saying that the Iraqi "threat" could only be minimized "as long as the United States is there."(10) Currently, about 13,000 Amerikkkan military personnel and 40 U.S. warships are stationed in the Persian Gulf. www.etext.org /Politics/MIM/mn/text.php?mimfile=iraq/mn110.txt   (688 words)

U.S. Intervention in Nicaragua Although Ortega won the 1984 election with over 60 percent of the popular vote, the U.S. would not recognize it as a legitimate victory, in spite of any number of foreign observers confirming the authenticity of the process. They, in addition to the nomination and confirmation of Roger Noriega as U.S. ambassador to the Organization of American States and the nomination of John Negroponte as Ambassador to the United Nations, help to make up a policy mafia that the Bush White House hopes to field. In the early 1980s, the Sandinistas received international commendation for dramatically improving the state of health care and the country’s educational systems, but these social programs soon began to deteriorate as precious resources had to be redirected toward fighting the contra war. www.coha.org /WRH_issues/wrh_21_15_nic.htm   (955 words)

U.S. Responsibility for the Coup in Chile U.S. planning for the 1970 election began in June, 1970, when the Forty Committee met on Chile and Richard Helms promised John McCone $400,000 of CIA funds to assist the anti-Allende news media. Chile's foreign-exchange reserves fell from $335 million in November, 1970 to $100 million by the end of 1971, and in August, 1972, Chile became the first country in the International Monetary Fund to completely exhaust its Special Drawing Rights. Chile had been importing half of the amount annually for several years prior to 1970, but in 1971 and 1972 U.S. exports to Chile declined to negligible amounts. www.namebase.org /chile.html   (3718 words)

U.S. Interventions in Latin America Pinochet imprisons well over a hundred thousand Chileans (torture and rape are the usual methods of interrogation), terminates civil liberties, abolishes unions, extends the work week to 48 hours, and reverses Allende's land reforms. U.S. spends $10 million to orchestrate elections in El Salvador-- something of a farce, since left-wing parties are under heavy repression, and the military has already declared that it will not answer to the elected president. U.S. Army Col. John Webber claims that it was at his instigation that "the technique of counter-terror had been implemented by the army." www.zompist.com /latam.html   (2789 words)

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