U.S. National Marine Sanctuary

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In the News (Fri 1 Jan 10)

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	A guide to America's National Marine Sanctuaries
		After a dozen years it became the tenth National Marine Sanctuary in 1991 and today stands as a coral oasis in a sea of oil rigs.
		National marine sanctuaries can be identified for any number of reasons: to protect endangered marine animals, to preserve historical culture, to maintain biodiversity or ecological integrity.
		Another important marine breeding ground under federal protection is in the Hawaiian Islands where a sanctuary guards the habitat of the humpback whale.
	ks.essortment.com /nationalmarine_rlbl.htm

	NOAA's National Ocean Service: National Marine Sanctuaries
		National Marine Sanctuary Program staff and volunteers are engaged in monitoring wildlife, educating the public, responding to emergencies, excavating maritime artifacts, restoring habitats and innumerable other projects that collectively maintain some of the most beautiful and rare marine protected areas on earth.
		National marine sanctuaries range in size from one-quarter square mile in Fagatele Bay to over 5,300 square miles in Monterey Bay, which is one of the largest marine protected areas in the world.
		Marine scientists, supported by NOAA, are sailing on voyages of discovery to explore the hidden mysteries within the nation's marine sanctuaries.
	www.nos.noaa.gov /topics/oceans/nms/welcome.html

	PBS - Harriman: Brad Barr - National Marine Sanctuaries
		National Marine Sanctuaries are designated and managed under the authority of the National Marine Sanctuary Act, passed originally in 1972 as part of the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act.
		The national marine sanctuary designation is something special, and appropriately used where the special protections afforded to these areas will help to preserve their natural and cultural values.
		National Marine Sanctuaries are a way for the American people to have a voice in how and where our marine natural resources and cultural heritage should be preserved.
	www.pbs.org /harriman/explog/lectures/barr1.html

	Welcome to the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation
		The National Marine Sanctuary Foundation hosted the 5th annual Capitol Hill Oceans Week June 7-9, 2005 in Washington D.C. The forum brought together a wide-range of key stakeholders who discussed important ocean and coastal issues.
		The Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary protects several historically significant shipwrecks, which tell stories of transportation and commerce on the Great Lakes during the 19th and 20th Centuries.
		The sanctuary was designated in 1992 and protects the northernmost coral reefs in the United States.
	www.nmsfocean.org

	Research Being Conducted in National Marine Sanctuaries
		The Center for Marine Conservation is another example of a private membership organization that's been around for 25 years devoted to ocean conservation, but a major part of their program has been to communicate with the general public and to arouse their support for the National Marine Sanctuary program and all that embraces.
		However, despite the fact the marine sanctuaries were established over 25 years ago, I was surprised on joining NOAA by our lack of information about the state of their health and the absence of tools to undertake the job of marine protection.
		But one problem in achieving protection for the nation's ocean assets is that old bugaboo, funding; and $12 million or now, even $14 million to service 12 marine sanctuaries embracing some 18,000 square miles is a fraction of what is required to do justice to the issues at hand.
	commdocs.house.gov /committees/resources/hii51770.000/hii51770_0.htm

	National Marine Sanctuaries
		National Marine Sanctuary boundary descriptions, which are defined in the United States Code of Federal Regulations, are often laden with conflicting and/or erroneous statements.
		Grays Reef National Marine Sanctuary and Monitor National Marine Sanctuary boundaries were built from coordinates in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).
		Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary boundaries were acquired from Florida Marine Research Institute and edited slightly using the more accurate common boundaries acquired from the National Park Service and National Wildlife Refuges.
	www.csc.noaa.gov /opis/html/meta_lite/mnms.htm

	NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARIES ACT
		One Sanctuary that has attracted much attention in recent years is the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
		the Sanctuary is the northernmost coral reef in the Gulf.
		The 1992 reauthorization of the Sanctuaries Act enhanced the scope of the protective measures of the Act by granting new powers to protect sanctuaries from activities outside a sanctuary which might "enter and injure" a site.
	www.olemiss.edu /orgs/SGLC/MS-AL/nation.htm

	National Marine Sanctuaries Act
		The mission of the National Marine Sanctuary Program is to identify, designate, and manage areas of the marine environment of special national significance due to their conservation, recreational, ecological, historical, research, educational, or aesthetic qualities.
		The National Marine Sanctuary Program is administered by the Sanctuaries and Reserves Division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
		It provides for civil penalties for violations of the Act, or regulations or permits issued under it and for civil suits to recover damages if sanctuary resources are injured or destroyed (Sources: Year of the Ocean Discussion Papers 1998; NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management).
	www.csc.noaa.gov /opis/html/summary/nms.htm

	16C32.txt
		(b) "Marine environment" means those areas of coastal and ocean waters, the Great Lakes and their connecting waters, and submerged lands thereunder, over which the United States exercises jurisdiction, consistent with international law.
		This national system framework and the work of the MPA Center is intended to support, not interfere with, agencies' independent exercise of their own existing authorities.
		For the purposes of this order: (a) "Marine protected area" means any area of the marine environment that has been reserved by Federal, State, territorial, tribal, or local laws or regulations to provide lasting protection for part or all of the natural and cultural resources therein.
	uscode.house.gov /download/pls/16C32.txt

	A Biogeographic Assessment off North/Central California
		The marine mammal analyses are one of the first efforts to assess biogeographic patterns of marine mammals in the study area; thus, additional analyses and peer review are required to complete this component of the study.
		Marine bird diversity was correlated with survey effort, so some of the “hot spot” diversity areas coinciding with areas of high survey effort may, in part, be influenced by high levels of effort.
		In general, the marine birds of the three sanctuaries are dominated in number and biomass by seasonally resident, nonbreeding species, such as sooty shearwater, pink-footed shearwater, northern fulmar and black-legged kittiwake.
	purl.access.gpo.gov /GPO/LPS49631

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > State -- Boxer, Woolsey call for expanding protected Sonoma waters
		National marine sanctuaries are usually designated in areas with "special significance." The legislators say the Sonoma Coast fits the bill because it is one of four global "coastal upswellings" – zones that account for 1 percent of the ocean but produce 20 percent of the world's fish.
		Oil prospecting or drilling in those areas would most likely be prohibited since the marine sanctuary act only allows activities that are compatible with protecting natural resources.
		The proposed bill would add 1,163 square miles to the Gulf of the Farallones and 314 square miles to the Cordell Bank sanctuary.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/state/20050705-1606-ca-sonomacoastprotection.html

	Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary Home
		The sanctuary is located 17.5 nautical miles off Sapelo Island, GA, and is one of 13 marine sanctuaries that make up the National Marine Sanctuary System.
		Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary, designated in January 1981, is one of the largest near shore live-bottom reefs in the southeastern United States.
		Within the 17-square-nautical-mile sanctuary, there are both rocky ledges and sandy flat places.
	www.graysreef.nos.noaa.gov

	National Marine Sanctuaries -
		Our coastal and marine environments harbour some of the richest biodiversity on the planet – but these fragile environments are under threat from a broad variety of manmade sources.
		Rocky shores form the transition between terrestrial and marine environments, and are thus exposed to very different physical conditions.
		But Australia’s marine life is under increasing pressure from global warming, destructive land uses, and industrial pollution.
	www.oceansatlas.org /id/14053

	NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARIES
		The National Marine Sanctuaries field staff are responsible for day-to-day management of the sanctuaries to which they are assigned.
		Sanctuary Managers and Superintendents develop, review, and recommend approval of cooperative agreements, grants, contracts, inter- and intra-agency and other forms of financial assistance for projects in support of field operations.
		Field staff serve as the first-line NOAA field contacts for responding to emergencies and violations of sanctuary regulations, and coordinating with Federal, state, regional, and local agencies, trade and public interest groups, and the general public.
	www.rdc.noaa.gov /~ohb/N/ND6011.html

	National Marine Sanctuaries - Fish & Coral Science Feature
		Coral and reef-fish assessment of the Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary.
		Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary is located 14° south of the equator just east of the International Dateline in American Samoa.
		Map of Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary showing location of permanent lines at each site; and map of Tutuila Island, American Samoa, showing location of sanctuary (from Green and Birkeland, 1999) Click on the map to see a larger map.
	www.sanctuaries.noaa.gov /scied/science/feature9912.html

	EPA: Federal Register: Fair Market Value Analysis for a Fiber Optic Cable Permit in National Marine Sanctuaries
		Response: ``Sanctuary resource'' is defined by the NMSA as ``any living or nonliving resource of a national marine sanctuary that contributes to the conservation, recreational, ecological, historical, educational, cultural, archaeological, scientific, or aesthetic value of the sanctuary'' (16 U.S.C. Seafloor substrate fits this definition as it contributes to all of the criteria.
		Although it may be true that ``the number of usable routes across a sanctuary is likely to be far greater than the number likely to be demanded,'' NOAA believes the public does not view the sanctuary as a limitless supply of cable routes.
		Comment 14: The report does not consider all possible environmental impacts from a specific cable project (such as marine mammal entanglement, strumming, release of drilling fluids, etc.) Response: Environmental impacts of undersea fiber optic cables in marine sanctuaries are addressed in an environmental review that is part of the cable permitting process.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2002/August/Day-28/i21975.htm

	Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Home Page
		The Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary (MBNMS) is a Federally protected marine area offshore of California's central coast.
		The MBNMS is part of a system of 13 National Marine Sanctuaries administered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
		The MBNMS was established for the purpose of resource protection, research, education, and public use of this national treasure.
	bonita.mbnms.nos.noaa.gov

	National Marine Sanctuaries
		The National Marine Sanctuary System is an office of the National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
		Here you'll find information about our nation's marine sanctuaries -- their history and current management, their scientific and educational programs, and their continuing efforts to conserve our nation's ocean and coastal treasures.
		Our national calendar will keep you updated on the many exciting events that take place in our sanctuaries throughout the year.
	www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov

	New report on National Marine Sanctuaries
		This report is the first independent assessment of the National Marine Sanctuary Program based on field research at all 12 sanctuaries and at the headquarters of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
		Each of the 12 national marine sanctuaries has taken some significant steps to protect marine resources at their sites.
		It is time for the sanctuary program to focus attention on results rather than on process and to build more confident and trusting relationships with communities.
	www.rain.org /pipermail/cinms-advisory-l/2000-April/000038.html

	Bridge - December 2000 Data Tip
		The Bridge is supported by the National Sea Grant Office, the National Oceanographic Partnership Program, and the National Marine Educators Association.
		People whose job it is to protect marine sanctuaries see shipwrecks as important lessons in how currents, weather, technology and human error can combine in ways that can damage the environment.
		Shipwrecks are remembered in the towns of lost mariners and in the towns where survivors received care.
	www.vims.edu /bridge/archive1200.html

	National Marine Sanctuaries: Encyclopedia of the Sanctuaries
		Gray's Reef National Marine Sanctuary is one of the largest near-shore sandstone reefs in the southeastern United States.
		Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, located about 110 miles off the coasts of Texas and Louisiana, harbors the northernmost coral reefs in the United States and serves as a regional reservoir of shallow water Caribbean reef fishes and invertebrates.
		Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary was designated in 1990 and encompasses 2,900 square nautical miles surrounding the Florida Keys archipelago.
	marinelife.noaa.gov

	Marine Sanctuaries
		In 1972, exactly one hundred years after the first national park was created, the nation made a similar commitment to preserving its marine treasures by establishing the National Marine Sanctuary Program.
		All of the marine sanctuaries maintain their own Web sites and links to those sites can be found on the introductory pages.
		They range in size from one-quarter square mile in Fagatele Bay, American Samoa to over 5,300 square miles in Monterey Bay, California, one of the largest marine protected areas in the world.
	www.sanctuaries.nos.noaa.gov /oms/oms.html

	EPA: Federal Register: National Marine Sanctuaries System (NMS)
		SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The National Marine Sanctuary System was established under the National Marine Sanctuaries Act (NMSA; also known as title III of the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act), 16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.
		The NMSA authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to [[Page 8123]] identify and designate certain areas of the marine environment which are of special national significance as National Marine Sanctuaries, and provides authority for comprehensive and coordinated conservation and management of these marine areas, and activities affecting them, in a manner that complements existing regulatory authorities.
		Monies received are used to reimburse the Secretary for response actions and damage assessments and to fund the restoration, replacement, or acquisition of the equivalent of injured, destroyed, or lost Sanctuary resources.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2000/February/Day-17/i3771.htm

	Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary
		The Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary protects an area of 948 square nautical miles (1,255 square miles) off the northern and central California coast.
		Located just a few miles from San Francisco, the waters within the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary are part of a nationally significant marine ecosystem.
		2005 Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary
	www.gfnms.nos.noaa.gov

	Clean Water Report: Presidential Signature Protects 13 National Marine Sanctuaries.@ HighBeam Research
		President Clinton signed S. 1482, the National Marine Sanctuaries Amendments Act of 2000, Nov. 13, extending and improving the management of the country's 13 marine sanctuaries.
		Clean Water Report: Presidential Signature Protects 13 National Marine Sanctuaries.@ HighBeam Research
		Marine sanctuaries protect Florida's coral reefs, kelp forests off Monterey Bay and the Channel Islands, nursing grounds for Hawaii's humpback whales, and maritime history including the Civil War ironclad USS Monitor.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:67461895&refid=ink_tptd_np

	National Marine Sanctuaries Policy - American Cetacean Society
		The American Cetacean Society supports and endorses the National Marine Sanctuary Program administered by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
		ACS is dedicated to the support of efforts to provide sanctuaries for marine mammals.
		We urge NOAA to designate the remaining ten proposed sites which have been nominated for sanctuary status.
	www.acsonline.org /aboutus/policy/nms.html

	NCCOS: News - Hollings Marine Laboratory
		Space is also available to develop quality assurance standards for chemical measurements in the marine environment in support of international, national, and regional research and monitoring programs.
		Cryogenic Storage - To store biological tissues and other material collected in the marine environment over long periods of time, there is a clean room operated by NIST.
		These facilities include: raw and settled seawater systems, a wet laboratory/culture facility with holding tanks (2-12 feet in diameter), maturation facilities that control water temperature and photoperiod for bringing organisms into reproductive condition, and an exterior tank pad for holding and culturing organisms to be used by research projects.
	www.nccos.noaa.gov /about/hml.html

	NOAA's National Ocean Service: Retired NOS Web Sites
		The Sustainable Seas Expeditions was a five-year project of underwater exploration and discovery of the marine world with special emphasis on the national marine sanctuaries of the United States.
		Over that period, 18 missions were conducted, 13 of them in NOAA's national marine sanctuaries.
		Led by Dr. Sylvia Earle, scholar and Explorer-In-Residence of the National Geographic Society (NGS), the project was a collaborative effort of NGS in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), other government agencies, industry, and private institutions.
	sustainableseas.noaa.gov

	REEF and the National Marine Sanctuaries
		REEF has a strong partnership with NOAA's National Marine Sanctuary System and REEF surveying is currently occurring at eight of the sanctuary sites.
		Like the national parks, these are sites that have been protected for their biodiversity, ecological integrity, and cultural legacies.
		They contain a myriad of marine creatures, habitats, historical artifacts, and flourishing maritime cultures.
	www.reef.org /sanctuaries.htm

	NOAA's National Ocean Service
		National Marine Sanctuaries Launches Online Marine Life Field Guide...
		The Marine Protected Areas Web site now has a new search capability to explore the growing inventory of the nation's marine managed areas.
		NOAA's National Ocean Service is one of five major line offices in NOAA.
	www.nos.noaa.gov

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In the News (Fri 1 Jan 10)