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Topic: UNRRA

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	UN Chronicle: Assisting the victims of war: 'nations will lea... @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Military advances on several fronts made the creation of UNRRA imperative if the people liberated from enemy control were to receive, in the words of the agreement, "aid and relief from their sufferings".
		To pay for the programmes of UNRRA, countries that had not been occupied by enemy forces were expected to contribute the equivalent of 1 per cent of their annual national income.
		UNRRA became a casualty of the cold war as cooperation between East and West disintegrated.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:16800808&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (646 words)

	[No title]
		UNRRA has also assisted in the care and repatriation of millions of Allied victims of Axis aggression who were deported to and enslaved in Germany.
		UNRRA is the chosen instrument of forty-seven united nations to meet the immediate relief and rehabilitation needs of the invaded countries.
		UNRRA is the first of the international organizations to operate in the post-war period, one which the United States originally sponsored and in which it has played a leading part.
	www.ibiblio.org /pha/policy/post-war/451113d.html (935 words)

	United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
		UNRRA provided billions of US dollars of rehabilitation aid, and helped about 8 million refugees.
		UNRRA was governed by an agreement which had 52 state parties.
		UNRRA was headed by a Director-General, and governed by a Council (composed of representatives of all state parties) and a Central Committee (composed of representatives of the US, UK, China and the USSR).
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/un/UNRRA.html (205 words)

	Introduction
		UNRRA's primary function was to coordinate the relief efforts of various agencies and provide for the care, shelter, rehabilitation, and repatriation of the displaced persons.
		UNRRA, working with and under the Allied Military Government (AMG), was not prepared for the major task of caring for millions of displaced persons and arranging for their repatriation.
		UNRRA however, pushed feverishly for repatriation -often enticing those who were recalcitrant with incentives such as a sixty day ration of food upon return.
	www.chgs.umn.edu /Visual___Artistic_Resources/Maxine_Rude/Maxine_Rude_Exhibit/Introduction/introduction.html (1263 words)

	United Nations & Private Relief after World War II
		And UNRRA hired many of the Brethren who were working on the Heifer Project to administer their efforts.
		UNRRA had contracted with the service arm of the Church of the Brethren to supply attendants for the livestock.
		Eventually, UNRRA was also put in charge of administering $4 billion in aid and relocating seven million refugees and displaced persons.
	www.livinghistoryfarm.org /farminginthe40s/money_06.html (890 words)

	Jewish Displaced Persons Project -- UNRRA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		UNRRA was also responsible for certifying welfare agencies for operations in the camps.
		Though the agency had considerable difficulty launching its operations immediately after liberation because of inexperienced personnel and the unforeseen scope of "unrepatriable" DPs, UNRRA was designated as the principal provider of care for the survivors following the Harrison Report.
		In late 1945 and 1946, UNRRA became an all-encompassing agency that oversaw both management of the DPs and relations with the central and camp committees.
	www.ushmm.org /museum/exhibit/online/dp/politic4.htm (232 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		UNRRA headquarters at Shanghai had agreed that this gift fertilizer could be sold to the farmer on Formosa at a price which would cover the costs of distribution within the island.
		UNRRA (Taipei) demonstrated that the farmer should pay in local currency no more than the equivalent Of 3.6 to 5.0 cents per pound, according to the type of fertilizer, Despite this, when CNRRA distributed the first thousand tons they charged from eight to ten cents per pound, thus realizing an estimated profit of about $300,000.
		UNRRA doctors ascertained that some Chinese garrison troop units had a venereal disease rate of 90 per cent and that in some areas 25 per cent of the civil population was now infected.
	www.formosa.org /~taiwanpg/chap08.htm (7292 words)

	European NAvigator - UNRRA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The UNRRA Council, which held its first session in Atlantic City, New Jersey, in November 1943, consisted of representatives of each member state who were to meet at least twice a year.
		In agreement with the Allied military authorities, UNRRA also took responsibility for providing supplies and for the repatriation to their home countries of prisoners and persons deported during the war.
		The UNRRA Regional Committee for Europe organised the dispatch of clothing and food and provided financial assistance to countries where it was required.
	www.enafree.lu /obj/fait/en/txt02179.HTM (356 words)

	European NAvigator - UNRRA Program in Italy (9 October 1945) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		UNRRA at present is carrying on in Italy a limited program.
		The 1945 UNRRA program for Italy is limited to the feeding of undernourished children, to medical care, and to assistance to displaced persons and refugees to return to their homes.
		"expanded" UNRRA program for 1946 is not an expansion at all but a merging of the present limited UNRRA program and that which has been carried by the military and FEA.
	www.enafree.lu /obj/texte/en/txt02638.HTM (1096 words)

	Eleanor Roosevelt: My Day, November 17, 1945 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The net argument of this whole editorial is that because there are certain European nations which desire to pay for their own relief as long as they have the money, we are therefore not helping the Europeans we are chiefly concerned about.
		UNRRA was not set up as a permanent organization, nor was it set up to help any nation that was able to help itself.
		UNRRA, however, has a job to do and is doing it better all the time.
	www.gwu.edu /~erpapers/documents/myday/1945/md000185.cfm (608 words)

	United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		UNRRA returned some 7 million displaced persons to their countries of origin and provided camps for about 1 million refugees unwilling to be repatriated.
		UNRRA discontinued its operations in Europe on June 30, 1947.
		The functions of UNRRA were transferred to other UN agencies, chiefly the International Refugee Organization, the Food and Agriculture Organization, and the United Nations Children’s Fund.
	www.bartleby.com /65/un/UNRelReh.html (233 words)

	Photo Archives Query Results
		UNRRA relief worker Greta Fischer, plays on the floor with a group of toddlers at the Kloster Indersdorf DP children's center.
		UNRRA camp director Harold Fishbein poses with a civilian in front of a map of Europe in the Schlachtensee displaced persons camp.
		UNRRA camp director, Harold Fishbein (in the light jacket), converses with an American military officer amid a crowd of Jewish DPs outside a barracks in the Schlachtensee displaced persons camp.
	www.ushmm.org /uia-cgi/uia_query/photos?hr=null&query=kw111778 (1614 words)

	TIME Magazine Archive Article -- What of UNRRA? -- May. 14, 1945 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Thus, while any future success of UNRRA may possibly be credited to international cooperation, its failures will almost surely be laid at the door of the U.S. And in its 18 months of existence, UNRRA has been called a failure numberless times, by friends and enemies alike.
		UNRRA camps in the Middle East are now caring for 100,000 displaced Greeks, Yugoslavs and Poles.
		Considering the fanfare with which UNRRA was begun, and the vastness of its treasury, this record is small potatoes.
	time-proxy.yaga.com /time/archive/printout/0,23657,792090,00.html (920 words)

	My Century And My Many Lives - Chapter 16 - Returning To Prague
		As an example, the contact man of the Czech government in dealings with UNRRA, E. Loebl, insisted in an article that UNRRA does not give supplies free of charge, but that they have to be paid for, which was patently untrue.
		UNRRA cooperated by making all the arrangements with the State Department and the military for their travel.
		UNRRA happened to be extremely popular, in spite of all the Communist propaganda.
	www.theragens.com /MunkBio/Munk_Autobiography_16.htm (1860 words)

	United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
		The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) was created at a 44-nation conference at the White House on November 9, 1943.
		UNRRA assisted in the repatriation of millions of refugees in 1945 and managed hundreds of displaced persons camps in Germany, Italy, and Austria during that year.
		UNRRA continued to serve as a major employer of displaced persons.
	www.ushmm.org /wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005685 (305 words)

	Photo Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Kloster Indersdorf children's center was established by UNRRA to shelter and rehabilitate the thousands of non-German children who were left homeless after the war.
		The UNRRA workers were helped in setting up the center by local nuns, who had operated an orphanage at the cloister in the interwar period.
		In addition to providing basic care and social rehabilitation for the orphans, the UNRRA team helped to trace the identities of the children and to arrange for their adoption, their return to their homelands, or their emigration to new countries of settlement.
	www.ushmm.org /uia-cgi/uia_doc/photos/1888?hr=null (362 words)

	The Nation, 07/20/1946 - The UNRRA Scandal in China by Sues, Ilona Ralf
		The Director General of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) stopped all shipments to China after a cable from more than half of UNRRA's staff in China had confirmed reports that the Chinese Government was using relief supplies as an antidemocratic political weapon while 30,000,000 people faced starvation.
		...The main reason for the UNRRA scandal-and many other scandals as well-is, beyond any doubt, our obtuse help to the small, reactionary clique of would-be rulers who are fllisted by their own people, have an unbroken 20-year record of antidemocratic terrorism, and an all-embracing, well-nigh perfect system of corruption...
		...But all reports from UNRRA and other sources stress the fact that the coast, the Yangtze River, the Grand Canal, and other waterways are open, as well as most railroads, and that the network of highways, with minor exceptions, is in fair shape...
	www.nationarchive.com /Summaries/v163i0003_08.htm (1125 words)

	My Century And My Many Lives - Chapter 15 - An International Civil Servant
		I arrived while UNRRA was in the first stages of organization and I was one of the first recruits.
		The "students" are all employes of UNRRA or of the voluntary agencies collaborating with it.
		It is, perhaps, symbolic that the signature of the UNRRA agreement constituted the last act of the Czechoslovak Government before its return to the home country.
	www.theragens.com /MunkBio/Munk_Autobiography_15.htm (5234 words)

	Truman Library - Nathan M. Becker Oral History Interview
		In establishing our participation in UNRRA, the President was authorized to perform, in his executive function, all of the things required, which included the authorization of the use of the American contribution; and the President, by an Executive order turned this duty over to the Secretary of State.
		But what this really meant is that UNRRA would come up with a batch of things, maybe involving a few million dollars at a time, and these papers would be carefully screened by our own technical people, and then eventually brought to the policy side for what really amounted to a pro forma signature.
		And UNRRA tried to gather and feed us, of course, as many human interest stories as possible to drive home the fact that it was people that were being helped.
	www.trumanlibrary.org /oralhist/becker.htm (12652 words)

	The Holocaust - as documented by the Anglo-American Committee on Palestine
		At the end of February last, UNRRA assumed responsibility for the internal administration of Hohne and it now administers other centers in the British and French zones of Germany and of Austria.
		Movement across the "green border", that is to say, through the woods and forests on the frontier in the southwest, is facilitated by the terrain and by the inadequacy of frontier controls in territory only lately brought under Polish administration.
		UNRRA is operating in Poland and we believe that if it were allowed to provide reception centers, especially to assist those returning from the U. R., mood suffering would be prevented and perhaps a stabilizing influence introduced.
	www.mideastweb.org /angloamericanapp2&3.htm (8387 words)

	Myron Taylor-->FDR 2/7/45 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The thought passes through my mind whether, in order to achieve a relationship with UNRRA in the future, it would not be wise for us to specify just what field we would take exclusive charge of, and the rest of Italy would be for UNRRA.
		ARI, of course, varies from UNRRA in that ours is an absolute donation of materials and supplies and theirs, from the outset, has been predicated upon the thought that the government of Itlay would participate in the cost of the supplies that are to be distributed, either in the distribution or the materials themselves.
		At one time UNRRA considered selling their materials to governments or to groups within a country who were able to purchase.
	www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu /psf/box53/t473a17.html (306 words)

	TIME Magazine Archive Article -- UNRRA -- Dec. 13, 1943
		UNRRA's international health policy will consist of helping war-torn governments to get their own health services working.
		UNRRA will cooperate with "governmental health agencies" (e.g., the Health Organization of the League of Nations) and "nongovernmental health agencies" (presumably the Red Cross, the Rockefeller Foundation, etc.).
		The subcommittee proposed that UNRRA's health organization be headed by a Director of Health and a Regional Health Director for each area served.
	www.time.com /time/archive/preview/0,10987,791258,00.html (358 words)

	TIME Magazine Archive Article -- A String for UNRRA -- Nov. 12, 1945
		The House approved a $550 million appropriation for UNRRA, but attached a string: the money could be spent only in countries which granted the U.S. press full freedom to report UNRRA doings.
		Whatever UNRRA needed, it was not the job of enforcing press freedom.
		1) UNRRA's policies and functions can be altered only by a majority vote of the 44 member nations; 2) the Potsdam agreement has already opened up the countries of southeastern Europe to U.S. correspondents, who have recently been able to file an astonishing amount of highly critical copy.
	www.time.com /time/archive/preview/0,10987,792501,00.html (382 words)

	Trafford Publishing: After the Shooting Stopped
		Hundreds of quickly recruited UNRRA workers streamed into Germany in the months after the shooting stopped, driven to help the millions in need, and fired by zeal to rebuild the continent and the world.
		Hers is the story of UNRRA and the displaced persons she worked with for three years.
		The two and a half years in Germany with UNRRA were the first in all the years that followed working in the international field in positions with the United Nations, the U.S. Government and non-government agencies.
	www.trafford.com /04-1690 (356 words)

	Fifty years for children
		But the Iron Curtain descended, and the United States Government refused to go on using UNRRA as a relief channel because it was aiding countries in both Western and Eastern Europe.
		Just as UNRRA was about to be wound up, however, voices were raised at its final meeting in Geneva to protest the fate of Europe's children.
		The delegate from Poland, Ludwik Rajchman, was particularly vocal, and the meeting accepted the proposal that UNRRA's residual resources should be put to work for children through a UN International Children's Emergency Fund -- an 'ICEF'.
	www.unicef.org /sowc96/50years.htm (1968 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Pictured: UNRRA Director LaGuardia arrived in Italy and paid a visit to the Villaggio del Fanciullo and its "shoeshine boys." Youths who had been separated from their families and had stayed alive during the war by relying on their wits.
		Later Dr. Munk was Economic Advisor to the UNRRA mission to Austria and Czechoslovakia.
		MAXINE RUDE, An employee of the UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) in Washington DC, was assigned as a photo-journalist to Germany in 1945.
	www.mifamilyhistory.org /dpcamps2/3Faces.htm (1826 words)

	Stolen Children
		I was 23, a child welfare officer with UNRRA (the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration) and wore the UNRRA khaki uniform.
		It fell to UNRRA officers to assemble them in groups of houses or barracks-which they themselves guarded against the incursion of communist liaison officers from the Soviet union-and to provide them and their children with counseling, medical care, educational opportunities, and everything materially necessary for a decent life.
		I told them that I was a child welfare investigator from UNRRA, and that UNRRA was responsible for all individuals who had been brought into Germany from territories forcibly annexed or conquered by the Germans.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Holocaust/children.html (5861 words)

	Ukrainian Museum (NYC) Exhibits/Lectures - BRAMA
		After the war the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Agency (UNRRA) was deployed throughout Europe for the purpose of restoring order in the ravaged areas.
		DP facilities were quickly arranged in former German military barracks, labors camps and schools, although UNRRA was surprised to discover that as many as 2 million displaced foreigners remaining in Germany and Austria had no intention of returning to their native lands.
		Subtelny put it, "Ukrainians were committed to their ideology, they even died for it." He observed that most of his students today do not have an ideology; many do not even know what it means.
	www.ukrainianmuseum.org /ex_030311subtelny-DPcamps.html (2020 words)

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