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Topic: Ubykh language

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Ubykh

Ubykh people

Endangered language

Northwest Caucasian languages

Languages of the Caucasus

Adyghe language

Abaza language

Ubykh phonology

Northeast Caucasian languages

Hattic language

Consonant

Tevfik Esenc

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Circassian

Glottal stop

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	Ubykh language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ubykh may be related to Hattic, a language spoken in Anatolia before 2000 BC and written in a cuneiform script.
		Ubykh was spoken in the eastern coast of the Black Sea, around Sochi until 1864, when the Ubykhs were driven out of the region by the Russians.
		Ubykh was never written except for the few phrases Evliya Celebi transcribed in the Seyahatname, but a substantial portion of the oral literature, along with some cycles of the Nart saga, was transcribed.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ubykh_language (3220 words)

	Ubykh language - Encyclopedia, History and Biography
		Ubykh has only two (arguably three) basic phonemic vowels: closed [ə] - schwa, as in English "about" - and open [a] and [aa] (which actually differ in quality but do not differ in length, although diachronically aa is derived from sequences of a + a).
		Ubykh was spoken in the eastern coast of the Black Sea, around Sochi until 1875, when the Ubykhs were driven out of the region by the Russians.
		Ubykh was never written except for the few phrases Evliya Celebi transcribed in the Seyahetname, but a substantial portion of the oral literature, along with some cycles of the Nart saga, was transcribed.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Ubykh_language (3123 words)

	Ubykh language -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ubykh has some 17 ejective phonemes, but lacks a phonemic (A stop consonant articulated by releasing pressure at the glottis; as in the sudden onset of a vowel) glottal stop.
		Ubykh may be related to (Click link for more info and facts about Hattic) Hattic, a language spoken in (A peninsula in southwestern Asia that forms the Asian part of Turkey) Anatolia before 2000 BC and written in a (An ancient wedge-shaped script used in Mesopotamia and Persia) cuneiform script.
		Ubykh (A unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme) syllables have a strong tendency to be CV, although VC and CVC also exist.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/U/Ub/Ubykh_language.htm (3265 words)

	Ubykh language. Who is Ubykh language? What is Ubykh language? Where is Ubykh language? Definition of Ubykh language. ...
		Ubykh is a language of the Northwestern Caucasian group, which was spoken by the people of the same name up until the early 1990s.
		Ubykh is an ergative language, making no distinction between the subject of an intransitive sentence and the direct object of a transitive sentence.
		Ubykh was spoken in the Caucasus Mountains of Georgia until 1875, when the Russian Tsar of the time drove the Ubykhs out of Georgia.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/Ubykh_language (2669 words)

	Northwest Caucasian languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Current theory holds that the richness of consonantal phoneme systems in the Northwest Caucasian languages is the result of a process which removes vowel features such as labialisation and palatalisation from the vowels in a root and reassigns them instead to the consonants which surround them.
		Ubykh is characterised by pharyngealised consonants and a four-way contrast between sibilants.
		This ancient religious language used by the Hittites in some of their liturgy was totally unrelated to their secular Nesili, i.e.
	hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Northwest_Caucasian_languages (987 words)

	User:Thefamouseccles - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Thousands of pages of accurate Ubykh material exist; a 260-odd page dictionary exists, as well as dozens of folktales, many of which are related to the mythology of the Ancient Greeks, including a version of the Nart saga.
		Ubykh does not have grammatical gender, and has only four grammatical cases, which are easier to learn than, for instance, the Ancient Greek case system.
		Ubykh has 20 uvular consonants, many of which are pharyngealised at the same time; in addition, it has a lot of ejective consonants, and some of these can be pharyngealised too.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/User:Thefamouseccles (1116 words)

	Ubykh language - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ubykh has just seven of the 10 phonemes noted in Pirahã, the language with the fewest phonemes.
		Ubykh has some 17 ejective phonemes, but lacks a glottal stop.
		The alveolopalatal labialised fricatives were sometimes realised as alveolar labialised fricatives, and the uvular ejective stop q' in the past tense suffix -q'a was often pronounced as glottal stop due to the influence of the Kabardian and Adyghe languages.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Ubykh (3145 words)

	All words on Ubykh language
		Ubykh has only two (arguably three) basic phonemic vowels: closed - schwa, as in English "'''a'''bout" - and open ['''a'''] and ['''aa'''] (which actually differ in quality but do not differ in length, although diachronically aa is derived from sequences of a + a).
		Ubykh is agglutinative and polysynthetic: we shall not be able to go back, if you had said it.
		Ubykh is often extremely concise in its word forms: if only you had been able to take it all out from under me again is just nine syllables, much shorter than the 19 syllables of the English translation.
	www.allwords.org /ub/ubykh-language.html (2816 words)

	Ubykh language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ubykh is a language of the Northwestern Caucasian group, which was spoken bythe people of the same name upuntil the early 1990s.
		Ubykh was spoken in the eastern coast of the Black Sea, around Sochi until 1875, when the Ubykhs were driven out of theregion by the Russians.
		He published a collection of Ubykh folktales in the late 1950s, and the language soon attracted the attention of linguists for its small number (two) of phonemicvowels.
	www.therfcc.org /ubykh-language-75485.html (2579 words)

	Ubykh language Definition / Ubykh language Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ubykh is a language of the Northwestern Caucasian group, spoken by the Ubykh peopleThe Ubykh people were a group who spoke the Northwest Caucasian Ubykh language, up until 1992.
		Outside of mythology, the ancestors of the Ubykh were mentioned in book IV of Procopius' De Bello Gotico (The Gothic War), under the name βρο`...
		It is the language with the most native speakers in the European Union.
	www.elresearch.com /Ubykh_language (266 words)

	Ubykh language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is known in linguistic literature by many names: variants of Ubykh, such as Ubikh, Ubıh (Turkish) and Oubykh (French); and Pekhi (from Ubykh ') and its Germanicised variant Päkhy.
		Ubykh contains many rare phonemes: the sound only appears in Ubykh, its relatives Abkhaz and Abaza, and two other languages, both of which are found only in the Amazon rainforest; and the phoneme ', a pharyngealised labiodental voiced fricative, may not exist in any other language on Earth.
		However, the alveolopalatal labialised fricatives were sometimes realised as alveolar labialised fricatives, and the uvular ejective stop in the past tense suffix - was often pronounced as glottal stop, due to the influence of the Kabardian and Adyghe languages.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/U/Ubykh-language.htm (3051 words)

	Ubykh language : Ubykh
		Grammatically, Ubykh presents two cases (direct in zero and oblique in -n), a past-present-future distinction of verb tense (the suffixes -q'a and -aw represent past and future) and an imperfective aspect suffix (-yt' is its marker).
		Finally, on the 7th of October, 1992, the Ubykh language died, when its last speaker - a farmer named Tevfik Esenc - passed away in his sleep.
		A linguist at Leiden University is currently trying to compile a new Ubykh dictionary, and some of the Ubykh people are showing interest in relearning their difficult language.
	www.fastload.org /ub/Ubykh.html (896 words)

	Bambooweb: Ubykh
		The language is known in the linguistic literature by many names: variants of Ubykh, such as Ubikh, Ubih (Turkish) and Oubykh (French); and Pekhi (derived from Ubykh t
		The alveolopalatal labialised fricatives were sometimes realised as alveolar labialised fricatives, and the uvular ejective stop q' in the past tense suffix -q'a was often pronounced as glottal stop due to the influence of the Kabardian and Adyghe languages spoken in the same area.
		The Ubykh language died out on October 7th, 1992, when its last fluent speaker (Tevfik Esenç) passed away in his sleep.
	www.bambooweb.com /articles/u/b/Ubykh.html (3244 words)

	Evertype: Tevfik Esenç
		The fate of Ubykh is particularly sad not only because of its structural peculiarities that make it so interesting for us linguists, but also because its extinction is the final result of a genocide of the Ubykh people.
		The entire Ubykh population left its homeland, and the survivors were scattered over Turkey.
		A century and a half ago, the Oubykh language belonging to the Caucasian group of languages was spoken by as many as 50,000 Oubykh tribesmen in the Caucasus valleys east of the Black Sea.
	www.evertype.com /alphabets/tevfik.html (990 words)

	Ubykh language : Ubykh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ubykh is a language of the Northwestern Caucasian group[?].
		/, and to ask "What is your name?" one says /wëp'c'ay?/ Unfortunately, since Ubykh is so consonantally complex, a satisfactory ASCII transcription for it isn't yet in place.
		It uses material from the wikipedia article Ubykh language : Ubykh.
	www.eurofreehost.com /ub/Ubykh.html (297 words)

	THE CIRCASSIAN LANGUAGE
		THIS IS THE LANGUAGE USED BY THE ADYGHA.
		ABKHAZ AND ABAZA ARE SPOKEN IN THE ABKHAZ REPUBLIC AND IN THE KARACHAI-CHERKESS REPUBLIC RESPECTIVELY.
		THE UBYKH USED TO INHABIT THE SOUTH MID-WESTERN SECTION OF CIRCASSIA, BETWEEN THE RIVERS KHOSTA AND SHAKHE TO THE NORTH OF ABKHAZIA.
	www.geocities.com /Eureka/Enterprises/2493/circlang.html (487 words)

	Phrasebase - Ubykh Language Facts And Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		NOTE: We use a variety of sources for compiling these facts and information about Ubykh Language.
		This is just for fun, base your vote on factors such as ease of learning, ease of pronouncing, the sounds and tones, how appealing it sounds, how effective and convenient it is to communicate in and express what is on your mind.
		Reproduction of text or images for commercial use is strictly prohibited.
	www.phrasebase.com /languages/index.php?cat=335 (188 words)

	Definition of Kabardian
		1: The '''Kabardian language''' is a [[Northwest Caucasian languages...
		the town literally means "dense forest" in the [[Kabardian language]].
		19:...sian languages]], and is closely related to the [[Kabardian language]].
	www.wordiq.com /search/Kabardian.html (228 words)

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