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Topic: Ugaritic alphabet


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In the News (Sun 8 Nov 09)

  
  Alphabet - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
The Ugaritic alphabet was written in cuneiform, although its wedge shapes did not resemble Babylonian syllables.
The earliest known example of the Roman alphabet is an inscription on a gold brooch from the 6th century bc.
Because of Roman conquests and the spread of the Latin language, the Roman alphabet became the basic alphabet of all the languages of western Europe.
encarta.msn.com /text_761565349___3/Alphabet.html   (1554 words)

  
 ALPHABET
It is proposed that the alphabet originated in an intellectual sequence similar to that followed by Alexander Bell and Henry Sweet in constructing their Visible and Organic Alphabets.The originator of the alphabet used the same kind of introspective analysis of his own speech sounds and of the manner in which they were articulated.
What made the alphabet ultimately successful was the selection of the forms of the characters and the limitation of the number of distinct sounds which the characters represented (omitting all the refinements of vowel and consonantal sounds which modern phonetics has identified).
As the forms of the alphabet settled down and as any awareness of articulatory origin of the characters was lost, the alignment of the letter was systematised and perhaps in some cases adjusted to increase the distinctiveness of the characters, for example, between Greek lambda and gamma.
www.percepp.demon.co.uk /alphabet.htm   (8551 words)

  
 Ugaritic cuneiform
Ugaritic was generally written from left to right in horizontal rows, though there are examples of it written in the opposite direction.
Ugaritic, a Semitic language closely related to Phoenician which was spoken in the city state of Ugarit in northern Syria.
Ugarit flourished from the 14th century BC until 1180/70 BC, when it was destroyed.
www.omniglot.com /writing/ugaritic.htm   (239 words)

  
 Phoenician Alphabet
The Phoenician alphabetic script of 22 letters was used at Byblos as early as the 15th century B.C. This method of writing, later adopted by the Greeks, is the ancestor of the modern Roman alphabet.
All the European alphabets are descendants of the Phoenician, and all the Asiatic alphabets are descendants of the Aramaic variants of the Phoenician.
Phoenician alphabet is the ancestor of the Greek alphabet and, hence, of all Western alphabets.
phoenicia.org /alphabet.html   (3277 words)

  
 Ugaritic script - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Ugaritic alphabet is a cuneiform abjad, used from around 1300 BC for the Ugaritic language, an extinct Canaanite language discovered in Ugarit, Syria.
Clay tablets written in Ugaritic provide the earliest evidence of both the Levantine and South Semitic orders of the alphabet, which gave rise to the alphabetic orders of the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin alphabets on the one hand, and of the Ge'ez alphabet on the other.
These seem to correspond to lines and circles in the linear Semitic alphabets: the three Semitic letters with circles, preserved in the Greek ฮ˜, O and Latin Q, are all made with corner wedges in Ugaritic: ๐Ž‰ Tet, ๐Ž“ Ain, and ๐Ž– Qopa.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ugaritic_alphabet   (407 words)

  
 Ugarit
Ugarit was a city on the Mediterranean coast of northern Syria.
The Ugaritic alphabet includes 30 signs; and a shorter alphabet with 25 or as few as 22 signs seems to have been used by traders in the 13th century BCE.
During the 18th and 17th centuries BCE (Thirteenth Dynasty and Second Intermediate Period), Ugarit was under the control of new tribes related to the Hyksos (probably Hurrians or Mitannians) who mutiliated the Egyptian monuments.
www.nigli.net /akhenaten/ugarit_1.html   (292 words)

  
 Ugarit - JotSpot Wiki (syriamuseum)
Ugarit sent tribute to Egypt and maintained trade and diplomatic connections with Cyprus (called Alashiya), documented in the archives recovered from the site and corroborated by Mycenaean and Cypriot pottery found there.
Scribes in Ugarit appear to have originated the Ugaritic alphabet around 1400 BC; 30 letters, corresponding to sounds, were adapted from cuneiform characters and inscribed on clay tablets (but cf.
Ugaritic texts have provided biblical scholars with a wealth of material on the religion of the Canaanites and its connections with that of the Israelites.
www.syriamuseum.com /Ugarit   (1236 words)

  
 Greatest Inventions-- The Alphabet
Sanskrit is written in an alphabet of 53 letters, including the visarga mark for final aspiration and special letters for kลก and jรฑ, though one of the long els is theoretical and not actually used.
Latin alphabet to write all of its own words, but certain letters (such as K, X and W) are retained for the purpose of writing "foreign" words.
Santali alphabet, an indigenous true alphabet of India, appears to be based on traditional symbols such as "danger" and "meeting place", as well as pictographs invented by its creator.
www.edinformatics.com /inventions_inventors/alphabet.htm   (2709 words)

  
 Abnormal Interests: The Cuneiform Short Alphabet: Part 1.
It is from Minet el-Beida, the port at Ugarit.
Most of the alphabetic texts from the ancient city of Ugarit are written on clay tablets using a set of 30 cuneiform symbols that, for the most part, are letters of an alphabet: the long cuneiform alphabet.
Ugaritic is a Semitic language in the same general family as Hebrew and Arabic.
www.telecomtally.com /blog/2005/09/the_cuneiform_s.html   (2917 words)

  
 Ancient Scripts: Alphabet
This alphabet, though, eventually disappeared from the mainstream, and survived as the Samaritan script.
In Israel, it became the "Jewish" alphabet, the direct descendant of which is the modern Hebrew alphabet.
Traditionally the Greeks held that their alphabet was derived from the Phoenician alphabet, and many scholars agree with this as well.
www.ancientscripts.com /alphabet.html   (1403 words)

  
 The City State of Ugarit
The Ugaritic alphabet includes 30 signs; and a shorter alphabet with 25 or as few as 22 signs seems to have been used by traders in the 13th century BC.
The first Ugarit contact with Egypt (and the first exact dating of Ugaritic civilization) comes during the reign of the Middle Kingdom pharaoh Senusret I, from a carnelian bead identified with him.
During the 18th and 17th centuries BC (Thirteenth Dynasty and Second Intermediate Period), Ugarit was under the control of new tribes related to the Hyksos (probably Hurrians or Mitannians) who mutilated the Egyptian monuments.
www.touregypt.net /support/ugarit.htm   (321 words)

  
 Cuneiform Tablets and the Birth of the Writing
In the XIV century BC, in Ugarit, a town on the Syria northern coast, a cuneiform alphabet was developed.
Therefore, the alphabetic writing fitted well to the needs of the Phoenician, a people of traders and sailors, by putting at their disposal a writing simple to learn and quick to be used.
In the beginning, the Latin alphabet was composed of the capital letters only, but with the ordinary use it originated a cursive writing and in the Middle Ages also the small letters were introduced.
www.funsci.com /fun3_en/writing/tab.htm   (7046 words)

  
 Greek Alphabet Resource Page - greek alfabet
It was the first true alphabet, that is, one with a symbol for each vowel and consonant, and is the oldest alphabet in use today.
The Greek alphabet originated as a modification of the Phoenician alphabet and in turn gave rise to the Latin, Cyrillic, and other alphabets, as documented in History of the alphabet.
Originally there were several variants of the Greek alphabet, most importantly western (Chalcidian) and eastern (Ionic) Greek; the former gave rise to the Old Italic alphabet and thence to the Latin alphabet.
www.governpub.com /gt/Greek_Alphabet.html   (1651 words)

  
 Ugaritic Alphabet   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
The city of Ugarit on the coast of Syria in 1400 BC was an active seaport on the border between the Egyptian and Hittite empires.
Of some thousand tablets with Ugaritic cuneiform found in this city, a few of them are student practice exercises.
This is basicly the same order which has been passed down from teacher to student for 3400 years as the first act of literacy.
www.cs.uwf.edu /~cop3835/timeline/Ugaritic.htm   (144 words)

  
 Torah, Ugartic Bible
The discovery of the Ugarit texts shows that the Biblical Psalms, whatever their date, are indebted to a Phoenician hymnology that had a long tradition behind it.
Ugarit was at its political, religious and economic height around the 12th century BC and thus its period of greatness corresponds with the entry of Israel into Canaan.
The discovery of the Ugaritic texts has helped us to understand that the word was divided incorrectly by the Hebrew scribe (who was as unfamiliar as we are with what the words were supposed to mean).
phoenicia.org /ugarbibl.html   (3551 words)

  
 Forgotten Scripts By Dino Manzella
I, in turn, showed it to all of my friends at school and we used the alphabet to pass notes in class without fear of their contents being revealed.
For instance, while questing for magical celestial alphabets -- I found myself in old seminary colleges thumbing through their oldest books that holy men of ages past used in the casting of white magic spells.
Some of the alphabets have had characters intentionally withheld or slightly altered for the purpose of making them easier for use in gaming.
www.afternight.com /runes/runes1.htm   (757 words)

  
 Ugarit, Syria   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
Ugarit is a Bronze Age city whose ruins lie in a large artificial mound called Ras Shamra, 6 miles (10 km) north of Lattakia on the Mediterranean coast of Syria.
Ugarit's location was forgotten until 1928 when an Alawite peasant accidentally opened an old tomb while plowing a field.
Documents, statues and jewels from the Ugarit kingdom are on display at the Lattakia, Aleppo and Tartus museums.
www.sacred-destinations.com /syria/ugarit.htm   (1065 words)

  
 Ugaritic language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Literary texts discovered at Ugarit include the "Legend of Keret", the "Aqhat Epic" (or "Legend of Danel"), the "Myth of Baal-Aliyan", and the "Death of Baal", all revealing a Canaanite mythology.
(See the Ugaritic alphabet for an illustration.) To the casual observer, it appears very similar in appearance to Akkadian or Assyrian writing.
The Ugaritic language is attested in texts from the 14th through the 12th century BC.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ugaritic_language   (568 words)

  
 A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF UGARITIC GRAMMAR AND BIBLICAL HEBREW GRAMMAR IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
The weight given to Ugaritic and Biblical Hebrew may be justified based on the relative distribution of texts that currently survive in the West Semitic languages of the second and first millennia.
Ugaritic is not Hebrew; it is not an older stage of Hebrew; it must even be differentiated from the dialect(s) reflected in the Amarna glosses.
I have included bibliography for the alphabet (under section 2), although properly speaking the alphabet is not a grammatical topic but a matter of the graphic representation of languages.
oi.uchicago.edu /OI/DEPT/RA/bibs/BH-Ugaritic.html   (1814 words)

  
 Ugarit-Ras Shamra and Conventional vs Revised Chronology
Ugarit was a maritime commercial city with a palace [0150]; its population was composed of various ethnic groups.
This obstacle was the fact that the Ugarit texts and objects were considered to be contemporaneous with the Egyptian and Mycenaean worlds of the 15th and 14th century BC.
Ugarit was also not far away from the old city of Alalakh, Tell Atchana, where one known king by the name of `Idri-mi' inscribed a statue of himself with the story of his life.
www.specialtyinterests.net /ugarit.html   (3777 words)

  
 [No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
The Phoenician alphabet was developed around 1200 BC from an earlier Semitic prototype that...
The Greek alphabet, that forms the basis of all European alphabets, was derived from the Phoenician one.
The alphabets of the Middle East and India are also thought to derive, directly or indirectly, from the Phoenician alphabet.
www.lycos.com /info/phoenician-alphabet--middle-east.html   (266 words)

  
 Logos Bible Software Blog: All in a Day's Work: Making an Ugaritic Font
Ugaritic was recently added to the Unicode specification, and Logos was Unicode before it was even cool to be Unicode.
The Unicode consortium, in their infinite wisdom, decided to add only the 30 letters of the Ugaritic alphabet and a word-division mark.
The Ugaritic font (dubbed Zebul Open) will be available as part of the Ugaritic Library, on pre-pub now.
blog.logos.com /archives/2006/10/all_in_a_days_work_making_an_u_1.html   (1179 words)

  
 Amazon.com: Ugaritic Narrative Poetry: Books: Mark S. Smith,Simon B. Parker,Marcus   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
Ugaritic Narrative Poetry edited by Mark S. Smith, Edward L. Greenstein, Theodore J. Lewis, David Marcus, Simon B. Parker (Society of Biblical Literature) (Paperback) The Ugaritic narrative poems all come from the ancient city of Ugarit, which lies half a mile inland from the Syrian coast opposite the eastern tip of Cyprus.
The Ugaritic alphabet consists of thirty simple cuneiform signs, each one representing a consonant (except for three which represent the same consonant -a glottal stop-with three different vowels).
The other, shorter texts have in many cases not been included in the standard translations of Ugaritic texts, and the translations that are available sometimes exhibit the translator's creativity and imagination where a sound basis for determining the meaning of the original is lacking.
www.amazon.com /Ugaritic-Narrative-Poetry-Mark-Smith/dp/0788503375   (1561 words)

  
 Israel and Zion are Central to the Hebrew Alphabet: INTRODUCTION
Secondary evidence includes an Ugaritic tablet of the fourteenth century B.C. containing the 30 letters of the Ugaritic alphabet -- which is the oldest known ABC -- including the symbols of the twenty-two North Semitic letters in the same order as they appear in the modern Hebrew alphabet.
In addition to ordinal values, the letters of the Hebrew alphabet are also assigned numerical values2.
This led to the approach of examining the Hebrew alphabet itself to determine what sets of letters could be shown to have a unique place in the alphabet following the pattern found with "Israel" and the possible significance of the patterns.
www.yahuah.org /izintro.html   (667 words)

  
 RK Fonts: Ugaritic   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
The commercial center Ugarit is situated at the edge between western-eastern and northern-southern cultural trends.
Of all the scripts of the Near East the cuneiform script was the most important and so it is no wonder, the Ugaritic script is also a cuneiform script.
The Ugaritic cuneiform are interesting, because they show that a cuneiform script suits all the requirements to serve as a letteral script.
fonts.kainhofer.com /rkaf_ugaritic.html   (234 words)

  
 Cuneiform Script - Crystalinks
The impressions left by the stylus were wedge shaped, thus giving rise to the name cuneiform, wedge-writing.The Sumerian script was adapted for the writing of the Akkadian, Elamite, Hittite, Assyrian, and Luwian languages, and inspired the Old Persian and Ugaritic national alphabets.
The use of Aramaic became widespread under the Assyrian Empire and the Aramaean alphabet gradually replaced cuneiform.
Originally, pictograms were drawn on clay tablets in vertical columns with a pen made from a sharpened reed stylus, or incised in stone.
www.crystalinks.com /cuneiformscript.html   (1764 words)

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