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Topic: Uighurs

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	The Uighurs / History
		Uighur culture of Eastern Turkestan (the 10-14th centuries) is a continuation of two traditions: the local Buddhist tradition of Indo-European population in towns-states; and Uighur tradition of Orkhon period.
		Since the Uighurs of Qashqar region replaced Manicheism with Buddhism and the written languages of the newly come and local Uighurs were similar, the perception of elements of Tokhar and Samanid and earlier Ghandhar population was not an obstacle for the newly come Uighurs.
		The epoch of the Uighur Kingdom Kocho in the east and the Qarakhanid khanate in the west of Qashqar region appeared to be the Golden Age for the Buddhist culture of the Uighurs and for Muslim culture of the related Turks in towns of Qashqar, Yarkend, Khotan, Qouchar and Aqsu.
	the_uighurs.tripod.com /hist.htm (3727 words)

	China's Minority Populations: Mongols, Tibetans, Uighurs
		According to the 1990 census, the ethnic Uighur population of 7.19 million comprised 47.45 percent of the total population of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region.
		Age structure: The Uighur ethnic minority has the largest proportion of elderly and one of the largest proportion of young people of any of China's ethnic groups: this creates an especially large social and economic burden of supporting the young and the elderly.
		Sanctioned by the Islamic religion of the Uighurs, in conflict with the marriage law of the PRC.
	www.usembassy-china.org.cn /sandt/chimin.htm (4170 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Americas \| Albania takes Guantanamo Uighurs
		Uighurs are seeking a homeland in the western Chinese province of Xinjiang.
		They had been forced to remain in the camp even though the US military determined a year ago they were not "enemy combatants" as had been thought when they were captured in Pakistan in 2001.
		It accuses Uighur militants of waging a bombing and assassination campaign, and receiving training at al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/low/americas/4979466.stm (378 words)

	Uighurs' Detention Conditions Condemned - washingtonpost.com
		Chinese Uighurs who have been imprisoned for the past month at a new state-of-the-art detention camp at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, are being held around the clock in near-total isolation, a circumstance their lawyers say is rapidly degrading their mental health, according to an affidavit filed in federal court yesterday.
		The lawyers' complaint is the latest step in their efforts to force an expedited review of the Uighurs' confinement by the U.S. Court of Appeals, a review that the Bush administration opposes and that Congress made more difficult in legislation it passed late last year.
		Lawyers for the remaining 13 Uighurs say the men were moved in December to Guantanamo Bay's Camp 6, a high-security facility at the base completed last August at a cost of $37.9 million.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/29/AR2007012901755.html (981 words)

	EurasiaNet Human Rights - Uighurs: Beijing to Blame for Kyrgyz Crackdown
		Roughly 50,000 Uighurs are believed to be living in Kyrgyzstan, though unofficial estimates put the number at twice that amount.
		Uighurs are a Turkic, Sunni Muslim people, with close cultural and linguistic ties to other ethnic groups in Central Asia, including Kyrgyz, Kazakhs, Uzbeks and Turkmen.
		Uighur activists maintain that they are trying to preserve their cultural identity in the face of relentless assimilation pressure from Chinese authorities in Xinjiang.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/rights/articles/eav012804.shtml (1012 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Asia-Pacific \| Fighting the cause of China's Uighurs
		Ms Kadeer is a Uighur - a member of an eight million-strong ethnic group which she claims suffers severe repression from the authorities in Beijing.
		The Uighurs, who are almost all Muslim and look and sound like Turks rather than Han Chinese, enjoyed a brief period of independence in the 1940s, calling their state the Republic of East Turkestan.
		Some Uighurs are eager to re-establish an independent Islamic nation, and Xinjiang suffers periodic separatist violence which China is eager to suppress.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/asia-pacific/4618995.stm (692 words)

	TURKS :: Uigurs
		For these people are Uighurs, leaders of a Turkic tribe which emerged in the eighth century from the scrum of nomads along China’s northern border to create an empire rivalling the Tang dynasty of China.
		The Uighur kings converted to Manichaeism, the ‘religion of light’, imported by refugees from the Middle East.
		By his time, the Uighurs had abandoned their quasi-runic script of 38 characters, which was not deciphered until the late nineteenth century, for a modified Sogdian script of seventeen letters, derived from Iranian.
	www.turks.org.uk /index.php?pid=35 (619 words)

	The Uighurs
		This script was used for almost 800 years not only by the Uighurs, but also by other Turkic peoples, the Mongols, and by the Manchus in the early stage of their rule in China.
		The Uighurs of Eastern Turkestan use the Arabic and Latin alphabets and the Uighurs of Turkey use the Latin alphabet.
		Western scholars who have studied Uighur history, culture and civilization have often expressed a high regard for the cultural level of the Uighurs.
	the_uighurs.tripod.com (849 words)

	Kyrgyzstan’s Worried Uighurs
		The Uighurs - originally from the neighbouring province of Xinjiang in China - fear they are being victimised because the Kyrgyz authorities want to curry favour with China, and are exploiting the international war on terrorism to do so.
		Many feel that whenever a crime is committed in Kyrgyzstan and an Uighur is found to be involved, the government and the state-controlled media deliberately ascribe it to the Islamic militant and separatist movement operating across the border in China.
		The province is home to perhaps eight million Uighurs, who are Muslims and speak a Turkic language, and are thus culturally closer to Kyrgyz, Kazaks and Uzbeks than to the rest of China.
	www.iwpr.net /?p=rca&s=f&o=175266&apc_state=henirca2003 (1107 words)

	East Turkestan: Fleeing Uighurs forced back to "anti-terror" torture and execution
		China is using the "war on terror" to justify its longstanding repression of the rights of the Uighur community, according to a new report by Amnesty International.
		Many Uighurs flee to neighbouring countries, but growing numbers are being forcibly returned to China where they face torture and execution.
		Even if they are not party to the Refugee Convention, all countries are bound by the principle of non-refoulement, which bars all states from returning individuals to a country where their lives or liberty are at risk or where they are likely to face torture.
	www.unpo.org /article.php?id=883 (949 words)

	China ‘Crushing Muslim Uighurs’
		“Uighurs are seen by Beijing as an ethno-nationalist threat to the Chinese state,” said Sharon Hom, executive director of Human Rights in China.
		Uighurs, a Turkish-speaking minority of eight million whose traditional homeland lies in the oil-rich Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region in northwest China, have become increasingly fearful for their cultural survival and traditional way of life as China makes inroads into the area.
		Uighur government officials or workers in state institutions or state-owned enterprises are even prohibited from growing beards, a long-held Muslim tradition, it said.
	www.arabnews.com /?page=4§ion=0&article=62035&d=13&m=4&y=2005 (611 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Asia-Pacific \| China 'crushing Muslim Uighurs'
		It is said to be taking place in the western Xinjiang region, where more than half the population is Uighur.
		The authors of the report say it is based on previously undisclosed Communist Party and Chinese government documents, local regulations, press reports and local interviews.
		Uighurs make up about eight million of the 19 million people in Xinjiang.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4435135.stm (342 words)

	Men Without a Country
		They are Uighurs, a persecuted Turkic Muslim minority concentrated in China's far northwest province of Xinjiang, or, as the Uighurs call it, East Turkestan.
		Their cases illustrate both the flaws of U.S. detention policy in the war on terrorism and the efforts of the administration finally to sort out those who need to be detained from those unfairly caught up in the post-9/11 dragnet.
		The Uighurs live in an area that Beijing considers strategically important, bordering on Central Asia, Afghanistan, and Kashmir.
	www.weeklystandard.com /Content/Public/Articles/000/000/005/937qsgpy.asp (574 words)

	Muslim Uighurs Persecuted in West China
		KASHGAR, CHINA - In the blurry quarter-light of dawn, a long line of Uighur men streams silently out of morning prayers at the Idkah Mosque - known as the "Mecca of Xinjiang." The men walk in twos and threes, wearing dark clothes and solemn expressions, and head off to work or homes.
		The eight million Uighurs of Turkic Muslim origin are facing new policies - such as requiring their children to learn Chinese in primary schools - and large funding cuts in majority Uighur colleges.
		Yet other Chinese Muslim groups that might be expected to support the Uighurs have rarely done so.
	www.twf.org /News/Y2003/1001-Uighurs.html (724 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Asia-Pacific \| China 'crushing Muslim Uighurs'
		The crackdown is done in the name of counter-terrorism, the report says
		The report accuses China of "opportunistically using the post-11 September environment to make the outrageous claim that individuals disseminating peaceful religious and cultural messages in Xinjiang are terrorists who have simply changed tactics".
		The report also reveals that almost half the detainees in Xinjiang's re-education camps are there for engaging in illegal religious activities.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/asia-pacific/4435135.stm (342 words)

	Christopher Brauchli: Consider the Uighurs
		If returned to China they were threatened with imprisonment because Uighurs have had a long standing conflict with the Chinese government over its treatment of Uighurs, whom it considers terrorists.
		The lawyers for the men were conducting negotiations with Canada to convince that country to grant them entry and resident status since that country has a large Uighur population and the men would have felt comfortable living there among their own people.
		The case was heard in a federal district court and at its conclusion the judge said that the detention of the Uighurs was illegal and disgraceful but he lacked the power to force the government to admit the men to the U.S. The men appealed.
	www.counterpunch.org /brauchli08242006.html (2034 words)

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