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Topic: Ulster Scots language

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	Ulster Scots language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ulster Scots, also known as Ullans, Hiberno-Scots, or Scotch-Irish, refers to the varieties of the Scots language spoken in parts of the province of Ulster, which spans the six counties of Northern Ireland and three of the Republic of Ireland.
		Scots (sometimes referred to as Lowland Scots) is a West Germanic language closely related to the English language.
		Ulster Scots is defined in legislation (The North/South Co-operation (Implementation Bodies) Northern Ireland Order 1999) as: the variety of the Scots language which has traditionally been used in parts of Northern Ireland and in Donegal in Ireland [1].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ulster_Scots_language (1641 words)

	Ulster-Scots Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Scots language was introduced into Ulster during the population movements that followed the union of the Scottish and English crowns, the breaking of the border, and the various plantations of Protestant settlers into Ulster that took place during the early 17th Century.
		Within Ulster it developed a distinctive form influenced both by the English which was the official language of Ireland at the time, and the Scots and Irish Gaelic speech communities with which it was in close contact.
		Ulster-Scots was recognised officially as a European regional language in 1992, part of a general trend in Europe to look away from the old centres of power and for an increased valuation of regional languages and cultures.
	www.qub.ac.uk /schools/SchoolofAnthropologicalStudies/Research/MusicMakinginBelfast/Ulster-ScotsFolkOrchestra/Ulster-ScotsLanguage (590 words)

	Kids.net.au - Encyclopedia Ulster Scots language - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Ulster Scots language is a minority language of Northern Ireland, which comprises a large part of the region of Ireland traditionally called Ulster.
		Opinions vary as to whether Ulster Scots is a dialect of Lowland Scots or an independent language closely related to it.
		In the same way that use of Irish Gaelic in Northern Ireland is sometimes a political sign of the faction that desires all of Ireland to be united and sovereign, use of Ulster Scots is sometimes a sign of the faction that desires Northern Ireland to remain in the union with Great Britain.
	www.kidsseek.com /encyclopedia-wiki/ul/Ulster_Scots (185 words)

	Ulster-Scots - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The migration of Scots to Ulster occurred mainly during the 17th and 18th centuries (as detailed in the articles History of Scotland and Plantations of Ireland).
		The Scottish population in Ulster was further augmented during the subsequent Irish Confederate Wars, when a Scottish Covenanter army was landed in the province to protect the settlers from the native Irish Catholic forces.
		With the enforcement of Queen Anne's 1703 Test Act in Ulster, which caused further discrimination against non-Anglicans, considerable numbers of Ulster-Scots migrated to the North American colonies throughout the 18th century (450,000 settled in the USA between 1717 and 1770 alone).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ulster-Scots (771 words)

	BBC NI - Learning - A State Apart - Culture - Ulster Scots
		Ulster Scots, also known as Ullans, is said to be spoken by an estimated 100,000 people in Northern Ireland and East Donegal.
		Although the academic jury is still undecided as to whether Ulster Scots is a language or a dialect, the European Bureau for Lesser Used Languages has always recognised Ulster Scots as one of the 'lesser used' languages in Europe.
		Ulster Scots is a regional variant of Scots, which, like English, traces its origins to Anglo-Saxon.
	www.bbc.co.uk /northernireland/learning/history/stateapart/agreement/culture/ulsterscots1.shtml (260 words)

	GeoNative - Eire - Ireland - Irish Gaelic - Ulster-Scots
		The native language of Ireland is Irish Gaelic.
		Ulster-Scots is a variery of Scots proper, or Lallans, spoken in Scotland.
		The name Ulster (Irish: Ulaidh) applied to Northern Ireland is not geographically correct, as the Ulster region of Ireland also comprises parts of the Republic of Ireland.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/eire.html (907 words)

	Scots-Online - Pittin the Mither Tongue on the Wab!
		Scots - the language of lowland Scotland, a descendant of the Anglo-Saxon Language.
		The Scots language is also known as the Doric, the Buchan Claik, the Patter, Lallans (Lowland Scots,)Braid Scots, Broad Scotch, Scotch, The Mither Tongue and in Ulster as Ulster Scotch or Ullans and to some simmply the Scottish dialect.
		Scots texts for those who are interested in learning Scots or for those who already speak it and wish to enjoy it.
	www.scots-online.org (422 words)

	THE BLANKET * Index: Current Articles
		Whilst the arts and historical aspects of the Ulster Scots culture has been gathering a rapid momentum within Protestantism, the development of the language has proved to be a major stumbling block.
		The Ulster champion Cuchulainn was killed defending the Northern Irish territory from the Black Witch of Connacht, Queen Maeve, who launched a full-scale invasion of the North under the cloak of a cattle raid, according to The Tain.
		To follow the Ulster Scots route is to support the perception that Northern Protestantism is not native to Ulster, but is actually imported from the British mainland.
	lark.phoblacht.net /jc0201052g.html (1820 words)

	ULSTER SCOTS in UK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Ulster Scots speakers are found in all parts of the north of Ireland but the main concentrations are in the Counties Down, Antrim, north and west Londonderry, north and west Tyrone and spilling across the border into east Donegal in the Republic of Ireland.
		Ulster-Scots is not accepted as a language subject in secondary education and is excluded from the curriculum.
		In the absence of provision at home the Ulster-Scots language community look to Scotland, where the Scots language is taught in secondary schools and in universities, for trained teachers and language professionals.
	www.minority2000.net /Gr-75/t72gb.htm (442 words)

	Slugger O'Toole (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Saying you are an Ulster Scot is a bit like saying you are a Celt… convenient national myth holding little water.DNA studies show that the inhabitants of these islands have roughly been the SAME for the last 6000 years.
		We are grateful to the Ulster Scots Language Society for their continued support during the development of this programme.
		And alas that seems to be a bit of a no no with the Ulster Scots fraternity who seem to be more interested in a made up language and culture so as to bolster their not wishing to have much to do with the majority of people on this island.
	www.sluggerotoole.com /index.php/weblog/comments/lost_in_translation1 (3546 words)

	Irish Post: Ulster Scots language is just poor English (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		But the fact remains that there is only a certain amount of money available for language purposes, in the form of grants, etc. So those who are promoting Ulster Scots are doing so under the guise of ‘parity of esteem’.
		But their real objective is to deprive the Irish language of its full share of funding with the promotion of a fake language.
		Ulster Scots is being used as a counter to the growth of an Ghaeilge in the Six Counties.
	www.irishpost.co.uk /news/story.asp?j=538 (261 words)

	Wir Ain Leid - Ulster Scots
		Scots settled in the northern half of the Ards Peninsula spreading at first through Newtonards and Comber and then across the northern half of Down.
		Scots also settled from Island Magee to Glenarm and in the west as far as Antrim town and in the North at Ballymoney.
		Ulster Scots is on the whole a variant of West Central Scots.
	www.scots-online.org /grammar/uscots.htm (721 words)

	DCAL: FAQs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Ulster-Scots is a Germanic language and is the local variety of the the Scots language.
		The Scots language was once used in the Scottish court and was brought to Ireland at the time of the Plantations.
		Sign Language is the preferred means of communication of 5,000 of the 17,000 people in Northern Ireland who are severely or profoundly deaf and it is also used by a significant number of their families and friends.
	www.dcalni.gov.uk /FAQs/FAQs.asp?ba=language (2883 words)

	BBC - History - Wars and Conflicts - Plantation of Ulster - Ulster Scots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Their language was Scots, a Germanic tongue that had a common origin with English in the Anglo-Saxon language of Britain centuries Earlier and that was the everyday language of Lowland Scotland at the time.
		These speakers and the descendant of their language, Ulster-Scots, produced a pluralism that has now differentiated Ulster from the rest of Ireland for 400 years.
		The ratio of Scottish to English settlers in Ulster during the 17th century has often been put at five or six to one, with one rough estimate reckoning there were 100,000 Scots and 20,000 English at the time of the rebellion of 1641.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/war/plantation/ulsterscots/index.shtml (627 words)

	Ireland Information Guide , Irish, Counties, Facts, Statistics, Tourism, Culture, How
		Ulster Scots (and Ullans, an alternative name by which it is known) are recent names for the varieties of Scots spoken in parts of Ulster.
		However, a recent European delegation investigating projects that were deemed worthy of receiving grant aid to sustain endangered European languages gave up on their search for Ulster Scots speakers after failing to find a single native speaker.
		Furthermore The United Kingdom declares, in accordance with Article 2, paragraph 1 of the Charter that it recognises that Scots and Ulster Scots meet the Charter's definition of a regional or minority language for the purposes of Part II of the Charter [2] (http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?NT=148andCV=1andNA=andPO=999andCN=999andVL=1andCM=9andCL=ENG).
	www.irelandinformationguide.com /Ulster_Scots_language (784 words)

	The Black Mountain Review: Daein Redactor fur Ullans - Editing Ullans Magazine By Anne Smyth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Because the education system, in particular, discouraged the use of Ulster Scots for so many years, the age profile of those who take an active interest in writing the language tends to be older than is perhaps representative of the population as a whole.
		It seems this was a device to make written Ulster Scots less divergent from Standard English, even where the word it was applied to had a perfectly good Ulster-Scots pedigree that had nothing to do with English as she was spoken.
		Ulster Scots, contrary to some of the views currently touted, is not homogeneous, but varies almost from townland to townland.
	www.blackmountainreview.com /issues/issues0120/issue10/is10prosdaered.html (2576 words)

	Institute of Ulster-Scots Studies
		Kirk, J. M., ‘Teaching and Language Corpora: The Queen’s Approach’, in A. Wilson and A. McEnery (eds.) Teaching and Language Corpora (University of Lancaster Department of Modern English Language and Linguistics Technical Reports), (1994), pp 29-51.
		Montgomery, Michael ’The Evolution of Verb Concord in Scots’ in Alexander Fenton and Donald MacDonald, (eds.), Studies in Scots and Gaelic, (Edinburgh 1994) pp 81-95.
		Scots Language’ in Edgar Schneider (ed.), Englishes around the World: Studies in Honour of Manfred Görlach, (Amsterdam, 1997) pp 211-226.
	www.arts.ulst.ac.uk /ulsterscots/bib_culture.htm (2892 words)

	Ulster-Scots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Ulster-Scots is a variant of a language called Scots - the language used by Burns in many of his poems.
		It is spoken in the Lowlands of Scotland today and is often called Lallans, the Scots word for "lowlands".
		Ulster Scots or Ullans is chiefly spoken in parts of counties Antrim, Down and Donegal.
	www.scottish-and-irish-recipes.org.uk /ulster-scots.htm (72 words)

	Honorary Patron
		He is also visiting Professor of Public Relations at the University of Ulster and a Fellow of the Institute of Public Relations.
		Lord Laird has many interests and is a tireless advocate of the Ulster-Scots language and culture and is a great supporter of transport developments in Northern Ireland.
		He is a Board member of the Ulster Orchestra and of the Board of Governors of RBAI.
	www.ulsterscotssociety.com /u-ssa_patron.html (281 words)

	www.Ullans.com
		Scots is over 600 years old and is a variant of Old English.
		Scots is a relatively new language whose closest cousin is English.
		This is no easy task because in all the centuries that the language has existed there has never been an attempt to write a proper Ullans dictionary or to define any rules of syntax or grammar.
	www.ullans.com /dialect/UllansHistory.shtml (272 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Language Society chairman Anne Smyth explained: "By using the theme 'Ate up, ye'r at yer Grannie's!' we really want to try and encourage children to find those Ulster-Scots words which have no Irish or English equivalent, such as 'fare' or 'champ' - words which are used on a regular basis in many rural kitchens.
		The prizes are as follows: The McCulloch Prize: This prize is in recognition of the contribution to the Language revival of Isobel McCulloch - a founder member and long- standing secretary of the Ulster- Scots Language Society.
		The Gregg Memorial Prize: This prize is in recognition of the contribution of Professor RJ Gregg to the study of the Ulster- Scots language.
	www.asu.edu /educ/epsl/LPRU/newsarchive/Art1795.txt (710 words)

	Spectator, The: Swamped by riverdance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		It is nationalism's dependence on language that should provoke more than a passing interest in the publication of the first grammar of Ulster-Scots, the idiom carried to Ireland by the earliest Scottish planters.
		UlsterScots: A Grammar of the Traditional Written and Spoken Language, by Philip Robinson, is intended as a text for teachers and a guide in which native speakers can find standard written forms.
		It is laid out like the grammar of a completely foreign language, with detailed sections on verb endings, subordinate clauses and the use of prepositions.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3724/is_199712/ai_n8780544 (446 words)

	Ulster Scots on the Curriculum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A large portion of the population in Northern Ireland, including Irish speakers, are killing themselves laughing at the mere suggestion that "Ulster Scots" has even the merest semblance to any language.
		Irish Gaelic and Scottish Gaelic are languages, but "Ulster Scots" is merely a feeble ploy by Ulster Unionist politicians to retaliate against and annoy their Irish nationalist cohorts in the Assembly at Stormont.
		Frank Millar is quite right insofar as "Ulster Scots" is concerned and Lord Laird's document is a joke, not to be taken seriously by anyone.
	www.reform.org /pr081100.htm (291 words)

	Ulster set to promote Scotland’s ‘ither tung’ - [Sunday Herald]
		Promoters of the Ulster-Scots language are to stage an audacious raid on the auld country to teach Scots about their own heritage and the legacy of the Scots language.
		The moves, while broadly welcomed, have re-ignited the bitter debate in Scotland about the plight of Scots Lallans, the language of Burns, and of which Ulster-Scots is a variety – and the refusal of the Scottish Executive and parliament to award it official status.
		Although still predominantly a Unionist vehicle, it is part of the cross-border North/South Language Agency and operates in conjunction with the Irish language agency.
	www.sundayherald.com /36096 (939 words)

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