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	Ultrasonic welding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ultrasonic welding is an industrial technique whereby high-frequency ultrasonic acoustic vibrations are used to weld objects together, usually plastics, and especially for joining dissimilar materials.
		Ultrasonic welding of plastics causes local melting of the plastic due to absorption of vibration energy.
		Ultrasonic welding of metals is not due to heating, but instead occurs due to high-pressure dispersion of surface oxides and local motion of the materials.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ultrasonic_welding (655 words)

	Ultrasound - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ultrasonic cleaners, sometimes mistakenly called supersonic cleaners, are used at frequencies from 20-40 kHz for jewellery, lenses and other optical parts, watches, dental instruments, surgical instruments and industrial parts.
		The main mechanism for cleaning action in an ultrasonic cleaner is the energy released from the collapse of millions of microscopic cavitation events occurring near the dirty surface.
		The basic principle is that an ultrasonic pulse is generated in a particular direction.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ultrasonic (856 words)

	Ultrasonic welding
		During ultrasonic metal welding, a complex process is triggered involving static forces, oscillating shearing forces and a moderate temperature increase in the welding area.
		Ultrasonic metal welding is local and limited to the shear forces and displacement of intermediate layers.
		Ultrasonic metal welding is not characterized by superficial adhesion or glued bonds.
	www.staplaultrasonics.com /c2-ultra/ultra.htm (975 words)

	Ultrasonic Flow Meters
		Ultrasonic Flow Meter: An ultrasonic flow meter is a device which measures volumetric flow and is non intrusive.
		Ultrasonic sound is transmitted into a pipe with flowing liquids, and the discontinuities reflect the ultrasonic wave with a slightly different frequency that is directly proportional to the rate of flow of the liquid (Figure 1).
		As noted, the basic ultrasonic Doppler flowmeter requires that the liquid to be measured contain a minimum of at least 100 PPM of suspended solids or bubbles at least 100 microns or larger in size.
	www.omega.com /prodinfo/ultrasonicflowmeters.html (1053 words)

	ULTRASONIC LIPOSUCTION
		Unfortunately, the status of ultrasonic liposuction monitoring in the United States as of 1999 was/is as follows: First, as of January 1, 1999, ultrasonic liposuction was not FDA approved.
		In external ultrasonic liposuction, a vibrating handpiece is held on the outside skin of the areas that are soon to be suctioned.
		The external ultrasonic liposuction device is similar to the hand-held devices used to treat deeper tissues such as muscle and fibrous tissues in physical therapy.
	www.lipoinfo.com /chap05.htm (1972 words)

	CEIA Ultrasonic Cleaning Machines
		CEIA's Ultrasonic Cleaners carry out cleaning at an ultrasonic frequency which depends on the bath-transducer structure and on the dimensions of the bath, on the quantity and temperature of the cleaning liquid and on the detergent used.
		Ultrasonic waves propagated in the liquid in the bath cause high- and low-pressure states in the liquid.
		Ultrasonic cleaning is very effective in cleaning hard materials, but less effective on soft or porous materials.
	www.ceia-ultrasonic.com /cleaning.asp (213 words)

	Ultrasonic Cleaning Process
		A transducer emits ultrasonic vibrations by rapidly expanding and contracting in resonance with the frequency of the generator output when it equals the primary operating frequency of the transducer According to this law a heavier faster accelerating transducer will produce more cleaning force than a lighter, slower accelerating transducer.
		Ultrasonic cleaners come in three categories, First; the small toy like systems that are sold by companies for cleaning contact lenses, etc. These are very light duty cleaners with small transducers and very simple generators that are not very efficient.
		In an ultrasonic system there is a small power loss in the transducer[ they will warm up considerable from the friction of moving rapidly] There is also a loss in the energy required to penetrate and move the tank bottom.
	www.tmasc.com /ultrasonic_cleaning_process.htm (10307 words)

	Ultrasonic Cleaner - Ultrasonic Cleaners - Ultrasonic Cleaning
		We include only the highest quality sweep frequency ultrasonic components in systems that are expertly designed with particular attention to durability and ease of use.
		Whether you require a simple ultrasonic cleaning tank or an automated cleaning bench, we will be pleased to analyze every aspect of your application and provide you with the most cost-effective solution to your cleaning problem.
		Ultrasonic Rinsing: If the parts are particularly difficult to rinse, ultrasonic transducers are installed in the initial rinse station.
	grecobrothers.com /ultrasonics.htm (816 words)

	Blue Wave Ultrasonics: Manufacturers of Ultrasonic Cleaning Equipment
		Ultrasonic cleaning is powerful enough to remove tough contaminants, yet gentle enough not to damage the substrate.
		Ultrasonic transducers can be added to an existing tank by cutting a hole in the tank and welding the transducer(s) in, or by simply dropping a watertight immersible unit into the tank.
		Ultrasonic agitation will be able to reach between these parts and allow the solution's scrubbing power to remove the contaminants, even if the parts are stacked on top of one another.
	www.bluewaveinc.com /reprint.htm (3615 words)

	Ultrasonic Sound
		Ultrasonic sound can be produced by transducers which operate either by the piezoelectric effect or the magnetostrictive effect.
		The application of the basic ideas of imaging (e.g., the Rayleigh criterion) suggests that the resolution of any imaging process is limited by diffraction to a dimension similar to the wavelength of the wave used for the imaging process.
		The piezoelectric material which has had the widest application as an ultrasonic transducer for medical diagnostic applications is lead zirconate titanate, commonly referred to as PZT, a shortened form of the chemical symbols PbZrTi.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/sound/usound.html (659 words)

	Ultrasonic cleaners. Ultrasonic cleaners are very cost effective. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Mini Ultrasonic Cleaner is designed to remove grease, dust or other contaminants from surfaces and cavities of small objects, parts and samples such as cuvettes, lenses, glassware, jewelry, stainless steel instruments, metals and more.
		Simply objects are placed directly into the stainless steel tank and ultrasonic radiations is used to clean dust particles and other things.
		Ultrasonic cleaning does not scratch the surface or harm objects like many chemical or abrasive cleansers.
	transducer-oscilloscope.info /ultrasonic.htm (222 words)

	Ultrasonic seam welding unit
		The ultrasonic modules in all of the seam welding units are interchangeable with each other and can be combined with a power module, control module and motor module to certain specifications required for operation.
		Ultrasonic seam welding of tube on sheet metal for heat exchangers vs. brazing, soldering.
		Overlapped ultrasonic welding for joining of 2 coil ends vs. brazing, soldering.
	www.staplaultrasonics.com /products/seam-welder.htm (178 words)

	Industrial Ultrasonic Cleaners and Components
		We are dedicated to research, design and manufacture of ultrasonic cleansing machinery and the components to manufacture ultrasonic cleansing machinery and degreasers.
		Ultrasonic cleaner immersible transducers give you the ability to add the ultrasonic advantage to your existing application.
		Ultrasonic cleaning is a result of sound waves introduced into a cleansing liquid by means of a series of "transducers" mounted to the cleansing tank.
	www.upcorp.com (382 words)

	Ultrasound Imaging and Tomography
		The method is based on the fact that, for an ultrasonic frequency defined by the porous medium properties, the transmission of an ultrasonic signal through a porous material increases with increasing permeability.
		The ultrasonic imaging technique developed here is based on the evidence that, for an ultrasonic frequency defined by the porous medium properties, the degree of attenuation of an ultrasonic signal through a porous material decreases with increasing permeability.
		The innovative application of ultrasonic imaging employed here brings the study of optically inaccessible heterogeneous combustion into a new perspective, where new insight into the mechanisms controlling smoldering combustion is revealed via visualization of evolving material properties.
	www.me.berkeley.edu /mcl/usound.html (1237 words)

	Multiple Frequency Ultrasonic Cleaners
		Zenith Ultrasonics is the original inventor, and dual patent holder, of the first multiple frequency ultrasonic cleaner that can be used for both high-technology parts cleaning, AND industrial cleaning applications.
		Low frequency ultrasonic cleaners produce cleaning action which is more powerful, but less evenly distributed in the cleaning tank, leading to "hot spots" of activity which may lead to inconsistent cleaning results, and even damage to highly polished aluminum parts.
		By submerging small strips of aluminum foil into an ultrasonic bath and holding the foil VERY still, holes will be created in the foil at ultrasonic hot spot locations, clearly indicating how evenly distributed the ultrasonic power, and powerful the scrubbing action at that particular tank location.
	www.zenith-ultrasonics.com /crossfire.htm (1229 words)

	Ultrasonic FAQ
		When the high pressure wave hits the bubble wall, the bubble collapses; it is the energy released by this collapse that will assist a detergent in breaking the bonds between parts and their soils.
		Ultrasonic cleaning is not recommended for the following gemstones: opal, pearl, emerald, tanzanite, malachite, turquoise, lapis and coral.
		If you suspect that your ultrasonic cleaner is not cavitating properly, there are two simple tests you can perform: the "glass slide" test and the "foil" test.
	cleanosonic.com /ultrasonic_faq.htm (1470 words)

	Ultrasonic Cutting technique - Ultrasonic Engineering Ltd
		Ultrasonic Engineering has developed a technique for cutting a variety of foodstuffs such as, gateaux confectionery, cakes and pizza.
		One of the many advantages of using this cutting technique is that the knife is self-cleaning due to the ultrasonics which are transmitted from the generator.
		The science of Ultrasonics is the study and ultilisation of vibrations or sound as we experience it beyond the range of human hearing, usually above 20Khz.
	www.ultrasonic-eng.co.uk (181 words)

	Ultrasonic
		Leading edge ultrasonic technology is the efficient and environmentally friendly way to clean dust, grease and grime from your blinds and shades.
		Professional ultrasonic cleaning is recommended by window covering manufacturers for many of the new shadings and soft window coverings as well.
		Ultrasonic cleaning eliminates the pollen, mold spores, animal dander, dust mites and everything else that might irritate a sensitive person.
	www.aaawisely.com /ultrasonic.htm (291 words)

	Ultrasonic cleaner - SonicWise Ultrasonic Cleaners
		Ultrasonic cleaning has been proven to be the most efficient method of removing contaminants--such as grease, oil, wax, fluxes, fingerprints, oxides and other deposits--from visible and invisible surfaces, holes and cracks.
		Ultrasonic cleaners are widely used in a variety of cleaning applications, from cleaning jewelry, medical equipment to micro circuitry and spacecraft parts and assemblies.
		Our large capacity industrial ultrasonic cleaners incorporate heavy-duty piezoelectric transducers bonded permanently to the sides or bottom of the ultrasonic cleaning tank for the highest efficiency and reliability.
	www.sonicwise.com (380 words)

	KATRONIC Clamp-on Ultrasonic Flowmeters and other Non-invasive Process Measurement Solutions
		The new KATflow ultrasonic flowmeters are designed to meet the demands of a wide variety of industry applications, whilst maintaining the Katronic values of accuracy, ease of use and reliability
		We supply our ultrasonic flow meters, instruments and associated system solutions on a world-wide basis and have an established reputation for providing excellent products and a professional customer service.
		Often the best option is to install a clamp-on or strap-on ultrasonic flowmeter.
	www.katronic.co.uk (596 words)

	Ultrasonic Plastics Assembly
		Ultrasonic tooling (i.e., horns and fixtures) is a critical element in the plastics assembly process.
		Ultrasonic plastics assembly is the joining or reforming of thermoplastics through the use of heat generated from high-frequency mechanical motion.
		Ultrasonic plastics assembly is a fast, clean, efficient, and repeatable process that consumes very little energy.
	www.dukcorp.com /us/products/thermo/plastics/upa.htm (692 words)

	Mini-Ultrasonic/Industrial Cleaners
		The cleaner uses ultrasonic energy (55KHz) in the form of sound waves to create literally millions of tiny, microscopic bubbles in the solution.
		It is fully integrated, with ultrasonic generator and cleaning tank in a single enclosure.
		This unit is suitable for use with alkaline, mildly acidic, neutral or caustic aqueous solutions to clean electronic and electrical subassemblies; fabricated metal or plastic components; glass and other materials prior to inspection, assembly or further processing.
	www.terrauniversal.com /products/cleanproducts/miniultraclean.php (387 words)

	Ultrasonic Flow Measurement
		Ultrasonic flow measurement pays for itself in the short and long term, since no additional costs are caused by mounting and operation:
		Ultrasonic transit-time flow measurement is based on this simple physical fact.
		With a flowing fluid, the ultrasonic waves require differing lengths of time (flow dependent) to reach the correspondong sensor.
	www.keison.co.uk /endress/endress1.htm (292 words)

	Migatron Home Page for Ultrasonic Sensors
		Ultrasonic sensors have long been used for range measurements and proximity detection where difficult environments, challenging reflection surfaces or the need for extreme accuracy render traditional optical sensing devices unsuitable.
		At Migatron, we offer a wide variety of high-quality standard ultrasonic sensors and controllers, as well as design assistance for semi-custom units.
		Ultrasonic sensors for use in environments classified as hazardous.
	www.migatron.com (132 words)

	ultrasonic
		Ultrasonic sounds are the sounds that human ear cannot hear.
		Ultrasonic thermometers are based on the effect of the temperature on the velocity of sound waves in hte medium transmitting hte sound waves.
		Ultrasonic thermometers can be used at temprature extremes, in high electric fields, or when the medium being measured is inaccessible.
	thermometer-thermocouple.info /ultrasonic.htm (170 words)

	Canon Technology -Ultrasonic Motors- (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Now, our ultrasonic motors are used to drive photosensitive drum units in office-use color copying machines, providing the durability needed to perform high-precision rotations over long periods of time.
		Because small vibrations are used to induce repeated motion (ultrasonic derives from the vibration frequency range), the resulting rotation is slow.
		The piezoelectric ceramic elements on the base of the stator become mutually polarized and an AC voltage of 30,000 Hz (The word "ultrasonic" in USM derives from the frequency of this AC charge) is applied to generate a stationary wave (amplitude approx.
	www.canon.com /technology/device/04.html (313 words)

	Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Meters
		The Sparling Series 555 is a self-diagnosing third generation ultrasonic flow meter.
		Liquid slurries with excess solids or with entrained gases may block the ultrasonic pulses.
		Ultrasonic flowmeters are not recommended for the following liquids: primary sludge, mixed liquor, aerobically digested sludge, dissolved air flotation thickened sludge and its liquid phase, septic sludge, activated carbon sludge.
	www.sparlinginstruments.com /Ultrasonic.htm (382 words)

	Ultrasonic washing for borads (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Although there are recent studies that indicate acceptance with ultrasonic technology on populated assemblies, there remains significant concern regarding damage to wire bonds and other devices by the application of ultrasonic energy.
		Although ultrasonic technology is a very good cleaning method, the machines that utilize ultrasonic technology usually lack a complete wash + rinse + cleanliness test + dry process.
		Most ultrasonic cleaning systems do not provide adequate rinsing for circuit assemblies (rinsing is the most important process step in post-reflow de-fluxing).
	www.smtnet.com /Forums/index.cfm?fuseaction=view_thread&CFApp=1&Thread_ID=8594&mc=9 (993 words)

	Ultrasonic Lab at Stony Brook
		Ultrasonic lab is operated under Center for High Pressure Research (CHiPR), a National Science Foundation scientific center.
		These new results have tripled the pressure range of previous ultrasonic measurements on olivine and beta-Mg2SiO4 and thus can be used to compare directly to seismic velocities at the transition zone pressures.
		We have developed techniques to perform ultrasonic interferometry measurements at the same double-stage, 1000-ton Uniaxial Split Cylinder Apparatus (USCA-1000) on millimeter-sized polycrystalline and single-crystal specimens to P ~10 GPa at 1300 oC.
	www.chipr.sunysb.edu /research/ultrason/home.html (372 words)

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