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	Uluburun Shipwreck - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Uluburun Shipwreck is a well-documented ancient shipwreck of the Late Bronze Age period, discovered off the southern Turkish coastline on the Mediterranean Sea near the city of Kaş in the early 1980s, and recovered using techniques of underwater excavation in 11 consecutive campaigns of 3-4 months duration each between 1984 and 1994.
		Others of similar type have been found at the Cape Gelidonya shipwreck and in Kition on Cyprus.
		Bronze Age Shipwreck Excavation at Uluburun - courtesy of the Institute of Nautical Archaeology
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Uluburun (512 words)

	Uluburun Wreck in underwater archeaology museum at Bodrum in Turkey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Uluburun Excavations lasted 11 summer campaigns during which 22.400 dives were accomplished by the underwater archaeologist under the direction of Cemal Pulak.
		Uluburun ship laid on a steep slope having its stern at 44 meters depth while its bow at 52 meters.
		It is suggested that this seal was on the Uluburun ship and among the golden, silver and electrum objects not during her ruling years but later.
	www.guidebodrum.com /uluburun_wreck.htm (909 words)

	Bodrum museum - the ship wreck of Uluburun
		Hundrets of shipwrecks have been excavated from the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea in the last years but the wreck from Uluburun now shown in the Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology is a real spectacular found.
		The shipwreck was excavated in 1960 under the direc-tion ofGeorge F. Bass.
		Of the 354 complete copper oxhide ingots and 121 bun ingots found on the Uluburun wreck, 81 were cleaned, drawn, recorded, and examined between June and November of 1995, bringing the total that have been studied to date to 180.
	www.bodrumpages.com /English/uluburun.html (1141 words)

	Uluburun Shipwreck -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Others of similar type have been found at the (additional info and facts about Cape Gelidonya) Cape Gelidonya shipwreck and in (additional info and facts about Kition) Kition on (An island in the eastern Mediterranean) Cyprus.
		A stone ceremonial (An edge tool with a heavy bladed head mounted across a handle) axe comes from (A republic in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe) Bulgaria or the Carpathian Basin.
		The (A hole in the ground made by excavating) excavation of the Uluburun wreck was directed by George Bass of the (additional info and facts about Institute of Nautical Archaeology) Institute of Nautical Archaeology between 1984 and 1994.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/u/ul/uluburun_shipwreck.htm (622 words)

	Conservation of Uluburun artifacts
		The Uluburun shipwreck yielded a remarkable variety of materials in different states of preservation, allowing conservators to observe and treat a wide range of problems.
		The remains include logs of ebony and cedar, a leaf of a folded wooden writing tablet, the lid and base of two small containers, the "keel" and planks of the ship's hull, the branches of what may have been a woven bulwark, branches and twigs of dunnage, and many miscellaneous fragments.
		All Uluburun wood that was in plain water was put into a fungicidal solution of boric acid and borax.
	www.diveturkey.com /inaturkey/uluburun/conservation.htm (1232 words)

	Uluburun Shipwreck Excavation
		The Institute of Nautical Archaeology's (INA) shipwreck excavation between 1984 and 1994 at Uluburun, near Kas in southern Turkey, brought to light one of the wealthiest and largest known assemblages of Late Bronze Age items found in the Mediterranean.
		The shipwreck lay on a steep rocky slope at a depth of 44 to 52 m, with artifacts scattered down to 61 m.
		C. Pulak, “The Shipwreck at Uluburun: 1993 Excavation Campaign,” INA Quarterly 20.4 (1993): 4-12.
	ina.tamu.edu /ub_main.htm (2689 words)

	(( Shipwreck Central )) - Articles & Links
		AquaNauts Dive School, Malta provides dives to all of the many shipwrecks around the Maltese Islands including the featured HMS Maori, feel free to browse their site or contact their team for any questions that you may have.
		She is the oldest shipwreck ever found in Alaska and this was the first professionally conducted underwater archaeology project in Alaska.
		The impressive remains of these two cannon-strewn shipwrecks are preserved as an underwater museum publicly accessible to sport divers under the supervision of a certified guide.
	www.shipwreckcentral.com /shipPres.htm (2087 words)

	CURRICULUM VITAE
		Director, Uluburun (KaÕ) Excavation of the Institute of Nautical Archaeology (Late Bronze Age Shipwreck in Turkey), 1986-1994.
		Director, Serçe Limanı Excavation of the Institute of Nautical Archaeology (3rd-century B.C. shipwreck in Turkey), 1979-1980.
		Assistant, Serçe Limanı Excavation of the Institute of Nautical Archaeology (11th-century shipwreck in Turkey), 1977-1979.
	nautarch.tamu.edu /SHIPLAB/vita-cemalpulak.htm (1005 words)

	Cobblestone&Cricket: A Teacher's Guide to Hunting
		The symbols and markings on Spanish coins recovered from 16th-century shipwrecks reveal much about the politics of the time.
		His discovery of Phoenician vessels shipwrecked 2,500 years ago in the Mediterranean has helped historians understand better the history of trade and cultural contact in the region.
		(Uluburun is not easily found in most atlases.) Estimate this "as-the-crow-flies" sailing distance in kilometers.
	www.cobblestonepub.com /resources/ody0002t.html (1157 words)

	Re: Week Two: The Mediterranean (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		I think the most important primary source, other the the Uluburun shipwreck itself, are the weights that were found throughout the wreckage.
		Some of the balancing weights were bronze and were in the shape of a fly, a sphinx and a waterbird, which resembled a duck.
		I feel they are key due to the fact that the Uluburun was probably a trade ship and during that time, weighing was the primary way to trade.
	www.ccaurora.edu /tdhis101/_disc2/00000038.htm (99 words)

	PUBLICATIONS
		Evidence from the Uluburun Shipwreck for Cypriot Trade with the Aegean and Beyond.
		The Cargo of Copper and Tin Ingots from the Late Bronze Age Shipwreck at Uluburun.
		Hull Construction of the Late Bronze Age Shipwreck at Uluburun.
	nautarch.tamu.edu /shiplab/vita-publications-cemalpulak.htm (772 words)

	Ancient Phoenician Ships, Boats and Sea Trade
		Shipwrecks are an unfortunate hazard of sea trade, but several of them turned out to be blessings in disguise -- at least for us -- because they preserved examples of early ships and cargoes for us.
		Consider the wreck at Uluburun, just off the coast of what is today called Turkey but back then was on the Byblos - Cyprus - Greece trade route.
		It showed us how these ships were laboriously and painstakingly built by carving each piece of wood in the hull to create a row of "pockets" along the edge.
	www.phoenician.org /ancient_ships.htm (588 words)

	Jun 1996 Michigan Today---Lessons from the world's oldest known shipwreck (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It is tempting to compare the database of artifacts from the Uluburun shipwreck to some of the letters preserved on clay tablets from the 14th century BC; the lists of objects exchanged between rulers, in a few cases, match the database practically verbatim.
		There is a final, grim lesson one can take from the shipwreck at Uluburun, namely that the wreck, itself, is a metaphor for the social collapse that was on the horizon.
		Like the Uluburun ship that was heavily loaded with the richest luxuries available at the time, it is possible that a top-heavy society, unable to satisfy a sufficient proportion of its members, collapsed under its own weight.
	www.umich.edu /~newsinfo/MT/96/Mar96/mta01m96.html (2682 words)

	Sea-View Diving - Books & Videos
		Wooden Ship Building and the Interpretation of Shipwrecks will also be of value to historians, authors, model builders, and others interested in the design and construction of wooden watercraft of the past.
		Wooden Shipbuilding and the Interpretation of Shipwrecks represents a comprehensive survey of shipbuilding technology throughout human history and is one of the best treatments of this subject ever produced.
		It presents a thorough methodology of shipwreck recording and reconstruction, a field in which Steffy has provided constant leadership over the last quarter century, an effort which garnered him a prestigious MacArthur Foundation fellowship.
	www.sea-viewdiving.com /books_videos/nautical_library/steffy.htm (711 words)

	ANISTORITON: Internet Messages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Date: Sun, 23 Dec 2001 01:43:17 -0000 To: "Aegeanet" Some time ago I posted a message questioning the value of a dendro date of 1305 BC which was being widely cited for the Uluburun shipwreck.
		NB the dates still await formal publication, but given the virtual retraction of the date one imagines this may no longer be a priority.
		Assuming we now discount the Uluburun result, there now seem to be no published example of an LBA dendro date from Anatolia which clearly supports the accepted Egyptian-based chronology.
	www.anistor.co.hol.gr /english/enback/m021.htm (423 words)

	Bronze Age shipwreck at Uluburun: the oldest known shipwreck on the world (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Bronze Age shipwreck at Uluburun: the oldest known shipwreck on the world
		Nevertheless, the research continues in INA Bodrum and in the Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology.
		Excavation of the l4th-century B.C. Late Bronze Age Uluburun Shipwreck was completed in September 1994.
	www.diveturkey.com /inaturkey/ulub.htm (101 words)

	Johns Hopkins Magazine -- April 1997
		He did know that "digging up" a shipwreck sounded like a diverting way to spend a summer, so he said yes, arranged for some diving lessons at a nearby YMCA, married his fiance, and in the summer of 1960 headed for Turkey.
		The year before, a Turkish sponge diver named Kemal Aras had discovered a concentration of metal that indicated a shipwreck, on the sea bottom near Cape Gelidonya on the Turkish coast.
		He found a written account, dated within two centuries of the wreck, that said the spinning of flax was women's work, but that it was permissible for a man to spin using wool or goat's hair.
	jhuniverse.hcf.jhu.edu /~jhumag/0497web/bass.html (4360 words)

	Shipwreck - Shipwreck Gold Found off USWorth $180000000? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Institute of Nautical Archaeology's (INA) shipwreck excavation between 1984 C. Pulak, A The Late Bronze Age Shipwreck at Uluburun: Aspects of Hull
		The "Abandoned Shipwreck Act Guidelines" and the philosophy upon which they are based Part III contains the Abandoned Shipwreck Act as passed by the US North Carolina Shipwreck
		Deep-water shipwreck explorers have raised Reconstruction-era gold and silver coins and other precious artifacts from what could be one of the richest
	infoindexes.com /?q=shipwreck (436 words)

	Metal Ingots
		Upper surface of a typical copper ingot of ‘oxhide’ shape found on the Uluburun shipwreck.
		Archaeologist M. Tilev working on a row of copper ‘oxhide’ ingots(one of four rows in situ) found on the Uluburun shipwreck.
		A total of seven were found on the shipwreck.
	ina.tamu.edu /ub-ingots.htm (278 words)

	News Release: IUPUI
		For the past four decades, Bass, considered the father of the systematic scientific excavation of ancient shipwrecks, has pulled unique historical treasures up from the deep while pioneering related techniques and equipment.
		Bass has been the most influential person in entrenching underwater or nautical archaeology as a respected scholarly discipline, said Cemal (pronounced Jamal) Pulak, INA vice president and assistant professor with the Nautical Archaeology Program at Texas A&M. "Although George Bass is not the first archaeologist to initiate an excavation underwater.
		Bass was also the first to strive for underwater excavations (applying) the same meticulous excavation and documentation standards as those used on land, Pulak said.
	www.iupui.edu /news/gbass.htm (513 words)

	Uluburun Shipwreck - TheBestLinks.com - Anchor, Bulgaria, Bronze Age, Cyprus, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Uluburun Shipwreck - TheBestLinks.com - Anchor, Bulgaria, Bronze Age, Cyprus,...
		Uluburun, Uluburun Shipwreck, Anchor, Bulgaria, Bronze Age, Cyprus, Ivory, Lead...
		You can add this article to your own "watchlist" and receive e-mail notification about all changes in this page.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Uluburun.html (639 words)

	Trade.html
		In 1982 C.E., a Turkish sponge-diver was diving near Uluburun, a rocky peninsula extending from Turkey's southern coastline.
		Teams of divers worked on the shipwreck and many more worked on the surface cleaning, conserving and cataloging the finds.
		We have seen from the work carried out on the shipwreck at Uluburun that there was a great deal of trade carried on between the different societies around the Mediterranean sea.
	score.rims.k12.ca.us /activity/mycenaean_Trace (1176 words)

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		However, the sheer wealth of material that was uncovered forced him to recognize that the artifacts most likely had been in transit for the purpose of gift exchange by the power institutions of Egypt, Mycenae, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
		The vast amount of finely crafted items and metal ingots also point strongly towards a view of the ties between the power centers of the Mediterranean that had developed by the Late Bronze Age.
	userpages.umbc.edu /~skille1/ancs/arch200-uluburun-killen.doc (371 words)

	Tufan TURANLI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The goal of the project is to record more than 200 ancient shipwrecks discovered in Turkish waters.
		I had not shot and worked in HD format before, and it was incredible; I could not believe my eyes when I saw the images on the monitor.
		Uluburun Shipwreck Excavation took 11 years and more than 20,000 dives to finish.
	www.kameraarkasi.org /belgesel/t/tufanturanli.html (616 words)

	Ancient Cyprus webproject (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Bass G.F., 1986: “A Bronze Age Shipwreck at Uluburun (Ka_): 1984 Campaign”, AJA 90, 269-296.
		Pulak C., 1990: “The Late Bronze Age Shipwreck at Ulu Burun, Turkey: 1989 Excavation Campaign”. Pp.
		Pulak C., 1998: “The Uluburun Shipwreck: An Overview”, IJNA 27, 188-224.
	www.ancientcyprus.ac.uk /Papers/iriawreck/pulakbiblio.asp (1024 words)

	Turkey: Sites and Excavations - Ancient Near East .net
		The Cape Gelidonya shipwreck was one of the first to be invstigated by modern underwater archaeology.
		Continuing Study of the Uluburun Shipwreck Artifacts (Institute of Nautical Archaeology, Bodrum)
		The Uluburun Shipwreck: Evidence of Late Bronze Mediterranean Trade (University of Texas)
	www.ancientneareast.net /turkey.html (1359 words)

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