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	Encyclopedia: Umar ibn al-Khattab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Umar was part of the first emigration (Hijra) to Yathrib (renamed Medinat al Nabi, or simply Medina shortly thereafter) in 622 C.E. He wa present at Badr, Uhud, Khaybar, and the raid on Syria, as well as many other engagements.
		Umar was given the key to the city by the Greek Orthodox patriarch, Sophronius, and invited to pray at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
		Umar's killer (Abu-Lu'lu'ah) was a Persian slave who was angered with Umar; he stabbed the Caliph six times as Umar led prayers in the Masjid al Nabawi mosque in Medina.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Umar-ibn-al_Khattab (4171 words)

	Islamic Voice - Zil-Hijjah / Muharram 1423 H
		Umar appointed her as controller of the marketplace in Madinah, which was a highly significant position.
		Umar ibn Abd Al-Aziz asks a scholar about the title with which he is addressed as the ruler of the Muslim world.
		The final point to add concerning this Hadith is that although Umar ibn Al-Khattab was the first ruler to be addressed as Ameer Al-Mu’mineen, which became a title used by kings and princes up to the present time, the title was used before him.
	www.islamicvoice.com /march.2003/hadith.htm (1365 words)

	Differences of Opinion are a Mercy
		Al-Hafiz al-`Iraqi the teacher of Ibn Hajar al-`Asqalani said: "This is a saying of al-Qasim ibn Muhammad who said: 'The difference of opinion among the Companions of Muhammad (s) is a mercy.
		The muhaddith al-Samhudi relates al-Hafiz Ibn al-Salah's discussion of Imam Malik's saying concerning difference of opinion among the Companions: "Among them is the one that is wrong and the one that is right: therefore you must exercise ijtihad." Samhudi said: "Plainly, it refers to differences in legal rulings (ahkam).
		Ibn Qudama al-Hanbali said in "Al-`Aqa'id": "The difference in opinion in the Community is a mercy, and their agreement is a proof."
	www.themodernreligion.com /basic/madhab/mercy.html (1072 words)

	[No title]
		It is said that Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz was the first who asked Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Hazm, al-Zuhri and others to collect ahadith, and that al-Zuhri was the first to record them.
		In Taqyid al Ilm, al-Khatbi al-Baghdadi deals with the sebject of writing ahadith at length concerning whether or not it was prohibited by the Prophet.
		In part two of the book, chapter 1, he gives the names of al-Ashari, Ibn masud and Ibn Awn who were against the writings of hadith besides the name of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab, who consulted the companions over the recording of hadith officially and after their full support he disapproved of it.
	www.muslimtents.com /aminahsworld/Writing_hadith.html (1194 words)

	25 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Ibn Shahab al-Zuhri was regarded the first one writing down the hadith, the reason for which the Umayyads have taken from him.
		Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz assumed caliphate in 99 H. and died in 101 H. He was widely-known of justice.
		Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz is reported to have said: The sultan (ruler) is like the market to which brought what should be spent in it...
	www.rafed.net /books/other-lang/adhwaa/25.html (4710 words)

	MALIK'S MUWATTA, BOOK 41: The Mudabbar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Malik related to me from Yaqub ibn Zayd ibn Talha from his father Zayd ibn Talha that Abdullah ibn Abi Mulayka informed him that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and informed him that she had committed adultery and was pregnant.
		He came to her while there were women around her and mentioned to her what her husband had mentioned to Umar ibn al-Khattab, and informed her that she would not be punished on his word and began to suggest to her by that, that she should retract.
		Umar ibn al-Khattab had him flogged and banished him, and he did not flog the slave-girl because the slave had forced her.
	www.tanzeem.org /resources/hadith/Malik/041_mmt.html (5219 words)

	Muw16
		He came to her while there were women around her and mentioned to her what her husband had mentioned to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, and informed her that she would not be punished on his word and began to suggest to her by that she should retract her confession.
		Zurayq said, "I also wrote to 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz asking, 'What do you think about a man who is slandered or his parents are slandered and both or only one of them are dead?' 'Umar wrote to me, 'If he forgives, his pardon is permitted for himself.
		'Umar ibn 'Abd az-'Aziz wrote to contradict what I had said in my letter, 'You wrote to me that you have heard that when the runaway slave steals, his hand is not cut off.
	bewley.virtualave.net /muw16.html (6059 words)

	Emam Reza (A.S.) Network \|\| Islamic Library
		Then, when Umar ibn al Khattab became the caliph and gained victories and the Muslims had secured abundanr wealth (i.e the public treasury satisifed the caliphate's needs), he made his judgement contrary to that of his predecessor, and that was to give it (Fadak) back to the Prophet's heirs.
		When Uthman ibn Affan became the caliph after the death fo Umar he granted Fadak to Marwan ibn al Hakam, his cousin, and this was one of the causes of the vindictive feelings among the Muslims towards Uthman, which ended in the revolt against him and his murder.
		al Mutadid (279/892-289/902) retured Fadak to the descendants of Fatima.
	www.al-shia.com /html/eng/ahl/fatimah/a-short-history.htm (1874 words)

	Twelve Successors
		Whosoever follows Bayhaqi and agrees with his assertion that Jama'ah means those Caliphs who came intermittently till the time of Walid ibn Yazid ibn 'Abd al-Malik the transgressor comes under the purview of the tradition quoted by us criticising and denouncing such people.
		Whereas their total should be twelve before 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz.
		Ibn Hajar says, "This tradition is without any chain of narrators and hence we cannot rely upon it.
	www.al-islam.org /twelve/5.htm (1591 words)

	Nikah.com: Marriage - Sahih Bukhari (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Umar asked him who he was, and he replied that he was the man that he had ordered to be brought to him.
		Umar said to him, "I ask you by the Lord of this building, what did you mean by your statement, 'Your rein is on your withers.'?" The man replied, "Had you made me swear by other than this place, I would not have told you the truth.
		Abdullah ibn Umar was furious, and said, 'That is not divorce, and she is not haram for you, so return to your home.' I was still not at ease so I went to Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr who was the Amir of Makka at that time.
	www.nikah.com /marriage/malik_divorce_talaq.asp (10705 words)

	::msa \| gvsu:: 'Abd Allah Ibn Az-Zubair (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		When 'Abd Allah came out from the unseen, he was an irrefutable proof from Allah that the Jews’ claims were mere lies and deceptive tricks.
		Abd Allah's mother, who was on that day 97 years old, went to see her crucified son.
		Abd Allah Ibn 'Umar approached to console her and asked Allah to grant her patience.
	www2.gvsu.edu /~msa/Islam/azzubair.html (2051 words)

	Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		His father was Abd al-Malik, and he was a younger brother of the previous caliph, al-Walid I.
		He ignored his brothers and son, and appointed Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz as his successor on account of Umar's reputation as being one of the most wise, capable and pious persons of that era.
		This appointment is rare, although it technically fulfils the Sunni Islamic method of appointing a successor, whereas hereditary succession does not.
	www.kiwipedia.com /suleiman-of-umayyad.html (215 words)

	[No title]
		His birth alone was a miracle, he was the first Muslim to be born in the city of Al-Madinah and was a sign of the lies and deceptions of the Jews of the time.
		Ibn Az-Zubair (Radi Allahu Anhu) became Commander of the Faithful with Holy Makkah as his capital, extending his rule over Hijaz, Yemen, Basra, Kufa, Khurasan, and Syria except Damascus.
		Abd Allah's mother, went to see her crucified son.
	www.muslimtents.com /aminahsworld/Mothers_courage.html (1229 words)

	What's New Page
		Sahl [ibn `Abd Allah al-Tustari] said - may Allah be well-pleased with him: "Do not acquaint newcomers with the secrets before they become firmly settled in their belief that the God is One and that the subject of monotheism is Unique, Everlasting, and transcends modality and place.
		Ibn Taymiyya said about him, "There are two categories of fana': one is for the perfect Prophets and saints, and one is for seekers from among the saints and pious people (saliheen).
		Anas ibn Malik reported that the Messenger of Allah said, "When you come upon the meadows of the Garden, graze in them." He was asked, "What are the meadows of the Garden?" "Circles of dhikr." he replied.
	silsila-e-aamiria.itgo.com /whats_new.html (18293 words)

	The Companions of Rasul Allah saw: Definition, Status, and Rank - Muslim Globe Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Thus Ibn Qaani`, Ibn `Abd al-Barr and Ibn Hajar include Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr among the Sahaba respectively in Mu`jam al-Sahaba, al-Isti`ab and al-Isaba.
		Ibn Abi `Asim narrated in al-Aahaad wal-Mathaani, his compendium of the Companions, from Ibn al-Musayyab: "We only included him because of `Ali's saying: 'How do you order that one of the Companions of Muhammad be killed without conviction?' Meaning Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr."
		He replied: "The dust in the nostrils of Mu`awiya's horse is a thousand times better than `Umar ibn `Abd al-`Aziz." Al-Haytami related it in al-Sawa`iq al-Muhriqa.
	www.muslimglobe.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=80 (771 words)

	MALIK'S MUWATTA, BOOK 46: The Decree
		Lest you should say on the Day of Rising, 'We were heedless of that.'" (Sura 7 ayat 172) Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, being asked about it.
		Yahya related to me from Malik that his paternal uncle, Abu Suhayl ibn Malik said, "I was a prisoner with Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz.
		Yahya related to me from Malik from Abu'z-Zinad from al-Araj from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A woman should not ask for the divorce of her sister to make her plate empty and in order to marry.
	www.usc.edu /dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/muwatta/046.mmt.html (630 words)

	IslamOnline.net - Hajj Mabrur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Ibn `Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Al-Multazam is what is between the Black Stone and the door of the Ka`bah.”
		It was also reported that Ibn Az-Zubair once passed by `Abdullah Ibn `Abbas while supplicating Allah at Al-Multazam.
		Finally, `Amr Ibn Shu`aib was reported as having said on the authority of his father who said, “I made Tawaf (circumambulation around the Ka`bah) with `Abdullah Ibn `Amr.
	www.islamonline.net /English/hajj/Landmarks/1425/15.shtml (296 words)

	Sufism, Sufis, and Sufi Orders: Sufism's Many Paths
		He received a Sufi transmission from Abu al-Fadl al-Hasan (or ibn al-Hasan) al-Sarakhsi, whom Abu Sa'id called his "pir" (a Persian word refering to a spiritual guide and often equivalent to "shaykh").
		William C. Chittick This article, published in the Encyclopaedia Iranica, is by the chief authority in the US on Ibn 'Arabi, whose writings were the dominant influence on Sufi literature after the 13th c.
		The Declaration that Ibn 'Arabi is a Disbeliever [Takfir Ibn 'Arabi] (link fixed 20 August, 2005)), many consider him to be the greatest Sufi.
	www.uga.edu /islam/sufismearly.html (1689 words)

	Ikhtilaf is a Rahma in the Ummah
		2 Al-Hafiz Ibn al-Athir in the introduction to his "Jami` al-usul fi ahadith al-rasul" relates the above saying from Imam Malik according to al-Hafiz Ibn al-Mulaqqin in his "Tuhfat al-muhtaj ila adillat al-Minhaj" and Ibn al-Subki in his "Tabaqat al-Shafi`iyya.
		10 The muhaddith al-Samhudi relates al-Hafiz Ibn al-Salah's discussion of Imam Malik's saying concerning difference of opinion among the Companions: "Among them is the one that is wrong and the one that is right: therefore you must exercise ijtihad." Samhudi said: "Plainly, it refers to differences in legal rulings (ahkam).
		12 Ibn Qudama al-Hanbali said in "Al-`Aqa'id": "The difference in opinion in the Community is a mercy, and their agreement is a proof."
	www.masud.co.uk /ISLAM/misc/ikhtilaf.htm (926 words)

	Umar ibn al-Khattab Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Umar ibn al-Khattab''' was the second caliph of Islam
		* '''Umar_II''', Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, the Ummayed Caliph
		* Umar (Bulgars) was a khan of the Bulgars in 766.
	www.echostatic.com /Umar_ibn_al-Khattab.html (29 words)

	Rule Means Greater Responsibility
		The history of Islam has seen many just, pious rulers, among whom the first four Caliphs, 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz of the 'Umayyads and Mahdi of the 'Abbasids, Mahmud of the Gaznawids, and especially the early ones from amongst the Seljuks and Ottomans were the most famous.
		Dissatisfied with the advice and manners of welcome he received from some of the scholars, he finally knocked at the door of Fudayl ibn 'Iyad.
		Would you please listen to me for a short while?' The man was 'Abdullah, a grandson of 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz.
	www.thewaytotruth.org /stories/rulemeans.html (545 words)

	Hazrat Umar Bin Abd Al-Aziz :: SoundVision.com Shopping (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A brief biography of the great Muslim Khalifa (leader) Umar bin Abd al-Aziz, known for his piety and justice.
		A brief biography of one of the greatest Companions of the Prophet Mohamed (peace and blessings be upon him) who later became Khalifa (leader) of the Muslims.
		It was after years of dissension and bloodshed amongst the Muslims following the reign of the four Rightly Guided Khalifas (Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali) that Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz came to power, and his reign has been described as a relief from years of turmoil for the Muslims.
	www.soundvision.com /shop/pview.asp?item=4361-004 (299 words)

	Why Twelve Successors ? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is not correct to say that these Imams will be present at one and the same time.
		'Uthman, Mu'awiyah and ibn Zubayr are not included as they were among the Companions of the Holy Prophet (s).
		Al-Juwayni also narrates from Ibn 'Abbas (r) from the Prophet (s): "Certainly my Caliphs and my legatees and the Proofs of Allah upon his creatures after me are twelve.
	www.geocities.com /ahlulbayt14/twelve.html (847 words)

	sunniforum.com - IKHTILAF: Differences of Opinion are a Mercy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It will not count as an act of disobedience as long as the person who issued it was an absolute mujtahid (e.g., Imam Malik or Imam Abu Hanafi) or a mujtahid within a madh-hab (e.g., al-Qarafi, Qadi `Iyad, Ibn `Abd al-Barr, Ibn al-`Arabi, Ibn Rushd al-Kabir, etc.).
		The proof for this is the hadith of the Prophet (May Allah bless him and give him peace) in Sahih Bukhari:
		Jazakallah Khairun Akhi, Insha'Allah in the forthcoming days i will try to type out Shaikh Muhammad Khandehlwis "Ikhtilaf Al Ummah".
	www.sunniforum.com /forum/showthread.php?t=332 (2149 words)

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