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Topic: Umbilical vein

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	Neonatology on the Web: Sidbury 1923
		In infants the routes that have been used are the superficial veins of the arm, of the neck, of the scalp and the popliteal or femoral vein.
		At this juncture the mother's arm was prepared as usual, and the median basilic vein was entered with a needle similar to the one used in the baby's vein.
		The umbilical vein may be patent and accessible for transfusion up to, and including, the fourth day of life.
	www.neonatology.org /classics/sidbury.html (2974 words)

	Umbilical cord - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In placental mammals, the umbilical cord is a tube that connects a developing embryo or fetus to its placenta.
		It contains major arteries and veins (notably two umbilical arteries and umbilical vein, buried within Wharton's jelly) for the exchange of nutrient- and oxygen-rich blood between the embryo and placenta.
		The term "umbilical cord" or just "umbilical" has also come to be used for other cords with similar functions, such as the hose connecting a surface-supplied diver to his surface supply of air and/or heating, or a space-suited astronaut to his spacecraft.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Umbilical_cord (321 words)

	Umbilical cord - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It contains major arteries and veins (notably the umbilical arteries and umbilical vein) for the exchange of nutrient- and oxygen-rich blood between the embryo and placenta.
		When the animal is born, the umbilical cord is severed and leaves only a small scar (the umbilicus) behind.
		Recently, it has been discovered that the matrix within the umbilical cord (known as Wharton's jelly) is a rich and readily available source of primitive stem cells.
	www.bexley.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Umbilical_cord (351 words)

	Umbilical vein -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The singular umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus, while two (Click link for more info and facts about umbilical arteries) umbilical arteries return deoxygenated blood to the placenta.
		Inside the fetus, the vein courses alongside the falciform ligament and then to the (Large and complicated reddish-brown glandular organ located in the upper right portion of the abdominal cavity; secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat; synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood; sy) liver's underside.
		The larger of the two is joined by the (A short vein that carries blood into the liver) portal vein, and together they enter the right lobe of the liver.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/u/um/umbilical_vein.htm (354 words)

	The Umbilical Cord
		The umbilical cord is the lifeline between the fetus and placenta.
		The converse is also true—less intrauterine movement leads to shorter umbilical cords (as attested to by animal experiments where induced fetal muscle paralysis led to shortened umbilical cord length).
		The umbilical cord of this placenta inserted at the placental margin.
	info.med.yale.edu /obgyn/kliman/placenta/articles/EOR_UC/Umbilical_Cord.html (2597 words)

	Medical References: Umbilical Cord Abnormalities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The umbilical cord is a narrow, tube-like structure that connects the developing baby (also referred to, in medical terms, as the fetus) to the placenta.
		The vein carries oxygen-rich blood and nutrients from the placenta to the baby, while the two arteries transport waste from the baby back to the placenta (where waste is transferred to the mother’s blood and disposed of by her kidneys).
		This complication occurs when the umbilical cord inserts abnormally in the fetal membranes of the placenta, instead of in the center of the placenta (which may be abnormally shaped or positioned).
	www.marchofdimes.com /professionals/681_4546.asp (1649 words)

	Stem cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Blood from the placenta and umbilical cord that are left over after birth is one source of adult stem cells.
		It is collected by removing the umbilical cord, cleansing it and withdrawing blood from the umbilical vein.
		This was achieved by isolating the stem cells from the umbilical cord blood and injecting the cells into the damaged part of the woman's spinal cord.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stem_cell (5607 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		1) the Vitelline Veins: drain the gut and the liver.
		The Umbilical Vein itself becomes the ligamentum teres or round ligament in the adult, connecting the umbilicus and the liver.
		The Umbilical Vein closes, creating the ligamentum teres or round ligament (connecting the liver to the anterior body wall.) In response from a substance called bradykinin from the first breath of the lungs, the ductus arteriosus closes, creating the ligamentum arteriosum.
	www.med.unc.edu /wms/firstaid/em-exam2.doc (1693 words)

	umbilical cord (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		I am assuming that two umbilical vessels were identified during the ultrasound scan at 18 weeks: a single umbilical artery and an umbilical vein.
		So it could be that by the time of the next scan three umbilical vessels will be visible as a result of the increase in their size during the interim and therefore better visualisation by ultrasound.
		Most umbilical cords contain three blood vessels: two umbilical arteries carrying blood from the baby to the placenta and a single umbilical vein returning blood from the placenta to the baby.
	www.nurseminerva.co.uk /umbilica.htm (1058 words)

	The Pregnancy Institute - PUCP
		Umbilical cord compression has varying effects on fetal physiology depending on the degree of the stimulus and a duration of the interruption of blood flow.
		Knotted umbilical cord as a cause of death in a Cercopithhecus aethiops fetus.
		Stenosis of the umbilical cord and nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis.
	www.preginst.com /pucp.html (13577 words)

	TheFetus.net - Umbilical vein varix, Intra-abdominal -Philippe Vignal, MD
		An umbilical vein varix is a focal dilation of the umbilical vein.
		An umbilical varix is a developmental rather an embryologic abnormality and most cases have a normal ultrasound at 16 to 19 weeks gestation.
		Antenatal diagnosis of fetal intra-abdominal umbilical vein dilatation.
	www.thefetus.net /page.php?id=187 (588 words)

	ACNM Workshop Questions
		Umbilical cord twisting is believed to be related, at least in part, to fetal activity.
		They then developed the "umbilical cord index" (divide the total number of complete vascular coils by the length in centimeters of the umbilical cord) (3) to quantitate umbilical vascular coiling, revealing the mean umbilical coiling index to be 0.21 +/- 0.07 (SD) coils per centimeter.
		"Which Umbilical Vessel Should Be Sampled?" suggests umbilical artery blood most accurately reflects the condition of the fetus, because it is the blood returning from the fetus versus the umbilical vein which carries the blood from the placenta to the fetus.
	showcase.netins.net /web/placenta/ACNMquestions.htm (839 words)

	portalvein (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		is the congenital caput medusae due to persistence of the umbilical vein, which cause the visible dilatation of the veins around the umbilicus.
		Under increased portal pressure it is thought that the veins around the obliterated umbilical vein, the paraumbilical veins, become distended and carry the blood the paraumbilical veins through the lfalciform ligament.
		The pressure in the splenic region is increased while it remains normal in the portal vein and mesenteric vein.
	www.meddean.luc.edu /lumen/MedEd/orfpath/portalvein.htm (344 words)

	Does Umbilical Vein Catheterization Lead to Portal Venous Thrombosis? Prospective US Evaluation in 100 Neonates -- Kim ...
		umbilical venous catheters, infusates, and the duration of catheter
		The umbilical vein joins the left portal vein (LPV) in the liver, which goes to the hepatic sinusoid, and a direct communication is formed between the umbilical vein and the ductus venosus, which bypasses the liver and joins the inferior vena cava (IVC).
		the insertion of an umbilical venous catheter, it is not surprising
	radiology.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/219/3/645 (3810 words)

	Physiology of Fetus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The rationale of these shunts is to divert the oxygenated blood from the less functioning organs as lungs, liver, kidney and intestine as placenta carries their functions, to the brain, heart and other parts of the body.
		- The oxygen saturation in the blood of the umbilical vein is reduced from 95% in the maternal arterial blood to 80% due to its consumption by the placental metabolism.
		- The umbilical vein is obliterated to form the ligamentum teres in the falciform ligament of the liver.
	www.arabicobgyn.net /doc/fetphysiol.htm (1132 words)

	eMedicine - Umbilical Cord Complications : Article by Brian LG Morgan, MD, PhD
		Single umbilical artery is believed to be caused by atrophy of a previously normal artery, presence of the original artery of the body stalk, or agenesis of one of the umbilical arteries.
		With velamentous insertion, the umbilical cord inserts into the chorion laeve at a point away from the placental edge, and the vessels pass to the placenta across the surface of the membranes between the amnion and the chorion.
		Hemangiomas are tumors of the endothelial cells of the vessels of the umbilical cord.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic3276.htm (3121 words)

	Neonates and Umbilical Venous Catheters: Normal Appearance, Anomalous Positions, Complications, and Potential Aid to ...
		Umbilical artery catheter enters abdomen at umbilicus (arrowhead) but courses posteriorly as it descends inferiorly in abdomen to enter umbilical artery before ascending in posteriorly located aorta (arrow).
		Umbilicus and proximal umbilical venous catheter (arrowheads) project to left of midline because of patient rotation on this chest and abdominal radiograph in neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
		Umbilical venous catheter enters right atrium and then follows course suggesting it has crossed patent foramen ovale into left atrium and eventually into pulmonary vein of left upper lobe on this portable chest and abdominal radiograph.
	www.ajronline.org /cgi/content/figsonly/180/4/1147 (1158 words)

	Umbilical vein oxytocin in the management of third stage of labour. Athavale RD, Nerurkar NM, Dalvi SA, Bhattacharya MS ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In view of this a study was undertaken to determine effect of oxytocin injection into the umbilical vein during the 3rd and 4th stage blood loss.
		Golan et al [2] proposed that the injection of intra- umbilical oxytocin leads to a high concentration of oxytocin at the uterine wall and may be the cause of the rapid placental expulsion.
		Influence of umbilical vein administration of oxytocin in the third stage of labour: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.
	www.jpgmonline.com /article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=1991;volume=37;issue=4;spage=219;epage=20;aulast=Athavale (801 words)

	Umbilical vein injection for management of retained placenta (Cochrane Review) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Objectives: The objective of this review was to assess the use of umbilical vein injection of saline solution alone or with oxytocin in comparison either with expectant management or with an alternative solution or other uterotonic agent for retained placenta.
		Umbilical vein injection of saline solution plus oxytocin compared with expectant management showed a reduction in manual removal, although this was not statistically significant (RR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.72 to 1.01).
		Umbilical vein injection of saline solution plus oxytocin compared with umbilical vein injection of plasma expander showed higher, but not statistically significant, incidence of manual removal of placenta (RR: 1.34; 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.85) and no difference in blood loss but there is only one small trial contributing to this comparison.
	www.cochrane.org /cochrane/revabstr/ab001337.htm (614 words)

	Injection into umbilical vein for management of retained placenta
		Umbilical vein injection of saline solution plus oxytocin appears to be effective in the management of retained placenta.
		The difficulties in implementing this intervention are related to the training of personnel in the technique of giving injections into the umbilical vein.
		In the management of retained placenta, injection of saline (with or without oxytocics) into the umbilical vein was compared with expectant management, on the one hand, and with injection into umbilical vein of an alternative solution, on the other.
	www.rhlibrary.com /Commentaries/htm/Mpcom.htm (448 words)

	Abstract
		We have previously described an in vitro perfusion model that utilizes saphenous vein, which permits the study of the interactions among tumor cells, the hemostatic system, and heparins under physiologic and sheer stress flow conditions.
		Segments of denuded umbilical cord or saphenous vein are cut longitudinally and mounted in a perfusion chamber under sterile conditions.
		Due to the readily available nature of umbilical cords, this allows for greater usage of the model in the study of blood-borne metastasis.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /isth2003/abstract.asp?id=9010 (396 words)

	British Journal of Pharmacology - Formation of 8-iso-PGF2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Umbilical cords collected immediately after delivery were transported to the laboratory in an ice cold Tyrode solution previously aerated with a mixture of 95% O
		in excess of the basal release was 3853 pg in the umbilical vein and 2374 pg in the rabbit ear.
		29 pg (ratio free to esterified 1 : 1.1) in the umbilical vein.
	www.nature.com /bjp/journal/v131/n1/full/0703547a.html (3602 words)

	Cordocentesis (Umbilical Vein Sampling), Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling (PUBS), Cord Blood Sampling by ...
		The test begins with an ultrasound to locate the area where the umbilical cordA flexible structure that connects the fetus to the placenta during pregnancy.
		It is connected to the fetus by the umbilical cord and consists of tissue from both the mother and the embryo.
		Should there be reason to suspect intrauterine growth retardation analysis of the fetal blood can reveal the ph level (the acidity or alkalinity) of the fetal blood as well as the blood's oxygen, carbon dioxide ad bicarbonate levels.
	www.babypartner.com /guides/prenatal-care/prenatal-testing/cordocentesis.php (1275 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Umbilical catheters
		There are normally 2 umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein in the umbilical cord.
		The umbilical cord is cut off (there are no pain fibers in the umbilical cord) about a half inch to 1 inch above the belly button and the arteries and vein are identified.
		The catheters are inserted to a predetermined distance and an x-ray is obtained to determine the exact positions of the catheters which are then tied in place with silk sutures (sterile thread).
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/007247.htm (534 words)

	Umbilical cord - LuckyWebs.com
		The umbilical cord is the baby's lifeline to the mother during pregnancy.
		Blood is carried from the fetus along the umbilical cord and into the is carried back to the fetus by another blood vessel in the umbilical cord.
		Umbilical cord blood could be an excellent source of stem cells to treat in samples of human umbilical cord blood has been developed by a US team.
	luckywebs.com /q/umbilical-cord.html (1307 words)

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