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Topic: Umma

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Kish (Sumer)

Ummah

Yin

Sumer

Lagash

Constitution of Medina

Guan Yin

Chronology of Babylonia and Assyria

History of Norway

History of Sudan

3rd millennium BC

	Umma
		Umma used for a group is often to be understood as confined by ethnicity or linguistics.
		It appears that in the early days of Islam, umma was used for the population of Mecca, but with the development of Islam, the umma of Muhammad changed to become believers, and therefore excluded Meccans that had not converted.
		The umma term has without being a central theological concept, been crucial to the Muslim understanding of unity.
	i-cias.com /e.o/umma.htm (182 words)

	The Province of Umma - CDLI Wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		During the Ur III period the city of Umma (modern Tell Djoha) was the capital of the Umma province.
		Umma has never been scientifically excavated, but it was extensively plundered during the first quarter of the 20th century.
		During the Ur III period, the Umma Province was governed by the members of one family.
	cdli.ucla.edu /wiki/index.php/The_Province_of_Umma (1076 words)

	Ummah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the context of Islam, the word umma (often spelled ummah) is used to mean the diaspora or community of the believers (ummat al-mu'minin), and thus the whole Islamic world.
		The phrase umma wahida in the Qur'an (the "One Community") refers to all of the Islamic world unified.
		Some modern Islamists use the term "Islamic Umma" or "Muslim Umma" to refer to all the people in the lands and countries where Muslims predominantly reside, and which were once under the control of the Islamic Caliphate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ummah (295 words)

	Floor Statement by Congresswoman Maxine Waters : Representing the 35th District of California : Celebrating ...
		The students who founded UMMA were inspired by their Islamic faith, a faith which told them to help their neighbor, a faith which told them that if they saw something wrong, they must fix it.
		UMMA has also become a committed advocate for the fundamental rights of all citizens to have access to quality health care services, regardless of their race, religion or socioeconomic status.
		UMMA embodies high ethics and moral standards, and it was founded as a result of the obligation Muslim Americans feel to ensure the well-being of everyone in society.
	www.house.gov /apps/list/speech/ca35_waters/FS060726_UMMA.html (750 words)

	[No title]
		Umma Bank employees engaged in different training courses regarding anti-money laundering and each employee must be alert to possible money laundering.
		Umma Bank shall periodically check the identity of the clients, when it has doubts about the veracity of previously submitted information.
		Umma Bank as far as it is concerned must give special attention, for identical purpose but not restrictively to the following indicators on money laundering.
	www.umma-bank.com /english/pages/mony_laundering.php (910 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Region \| Umma goes home -- alone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The return of a portion of Umma leadership to Sudan was preceded by the release of a statement by a number of Umma figures who remain in exile condemning the Al-Mahdi faction's decision to withdraw from the NDA.
		However, Mubarak Al-Fadel, responsible for Umma's external relations and one of the leaders who returned to Khartoum, confirmed that his party's differences with NDA are fundamental and relate to diverging long-term goals.
		Commenting on the return of the Umma leaders, Al-Turabi, who was parliament speaker before Al-Bashir decided last December to dissolve the parliament and declare a state of emergency, warned the opposition against thinking that their return would weaken the ruling Islamic government.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2000/477/re4.htm (717 words)

	Yasser Aman & The Umma Free Clinic
		UMMA, though conceived as a vehicle for the Muslim community to provide service, is run by and for the community at large.
		The vast majority of the patients are Latino and African American, many of whom have no employment-based insurance and do not qualify for Medi-Cal; volunteer physicians come from all over Southern California, UCLA medical students fulfill their third-year community medicine rotation there, and UCLA undergraduates continue to follow in Aman’s footsteps as volunteers.
		Although UMMA has few paying positions, securing the funding needed to cover overhead costs is becoming increasingly difficult as the economy suffers and foundations tend to be more attracted to start-up projects.
	www.la.ucla.edu /Master.cfm?Page=News/030708-umma.cfm (517 words)

	Norman Clinical Laboratory, Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Serum B12 levels supported the UMMA test as being valid.20 Although the numbers are small, this article indicates that if large numbers of individuals are tested, many individuals with neurologic manifestations may be missed without using the UMMA assay.
		Normal serum B12 was found in 49% of the non-anemic elderly (normal UMMA < 5.0) and 83% of the vegetarian population.
		The UMMA test reflects tissue/cellular vitamin B12 deficiency and is the leading candidate as the "gold standard" assay for identifying tissue B12 deficiency.
	www.b12.com /umma.htm (1044 words)

	Umma and Lagash
		The names of the rulers of Lagash are confusing: Eannatum was king of Lagash at the time the original treaty with Umma was negotiated.
		By harvesting, the men of Umma had eaten one storehouse-full of the grain of Nina [goddess of Oracles], the grain of Ningirsu; he caused them to bear a penalty.
		Urlumma, ruler of Umma, drained the boundary canal of Ningirsu, the boundary canal of Nina; those steles he threw into the fire, he broke [them] in pieces; he destroyed the sanctuaries, the dwellings of the gods, the protecting shrines, the buildings that had been made.
	www.thenagain.info /Classes/Sources/UmmaLagash.html (721 words)

	Marine, Boat, Boats, Boating-United We Stand-FAQ
		UMMA (United Marine Manufacturers Association, Inc.) is an association of independent boat-builders who, while operating autonomously, have joined together to enhance their collective ability to address important industry issues which effect their survival and continued prosperity.
		More recently, UMMA builders and suppliers have begun sharing programs in areas of common interest such as insurance, workers' compensation, freight, etc. We have remained consistent in our commitment that what is good for the suppliers must be good for the builders and vice versa.
		UMMA is a for profit company, and all confidential information is received through the Association President and operational contracting party, Kent Wooldridge, who, in his representational capacity as UMMA's attorney, treats all such information as privileged.
	www.ummaonline.com /faq.htm (3221 words)

	Umma of the Shell
		The languages of Umma differ slightly due mainly to their respective geographical situations - the worlds in the shell have and have had much more contact with the surrounding, Anglic-speaking worlds.
		Umma was never a part of the Anglic language family, and inherits its grammar quite straight out of Modern Literary Arabic.
		Umma of the Shell (hereafter referred to simply as Umma), has six vowels (classic arabic only five), and 21 consonants.
	www.orionsarm.com /linguistics/umma_shell.html (959 words)

	Muslim American Society
		The festival was accompanied by a series of proclamations issued by the Los Angeles City Council and the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors in recognition of the Clinic's contribution to service to the community.
		Just blocks from the flashpoint of the 1992 civil disturbances, UMMA was founded in 1996 to revitalize a beleaguered region in the aftermath of the civil turmoil that rocked the city.
		UMMA Clinic is a one-of-a-kind institution, in touch with the pulse of the local community and applying the principles of the Islamic faith shared by over 1.2 billion people worldwide.
	www.masnet.org /pressroom_release.asp?id=3538 (506 words)

	FAQ
		Just as UMMA is an advocate organization for the boat builders, UMSA is an advocate for the suppliers in order to enhance their collective ability to address the industry issues, which effect their survival and continued prosperity.
		The philosophy of UMMA and UMSA is that slowing and/or reversing this trend is vital to the continued viability of the independent boat builder and their independent supplier partners.
		UMMA's role is simply to accumulate data from all sources and negotiate and continually refine Master Purchase Agreements with suppliers, on behalf of the Membership.
	www.umsaonline.com /faq.htm (3948 words)

	Ummah - TvWiki, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In the context of Islam, the word umma (often spelled ummah) is used to mean the community of the believers (ummat al-mu'minin), and thus the whole Islamic world.
		The Constitution of Medina, an early document said to have been negotiated by Muhammad with the leading clans of Medina, explicitly refers to Jewish and pagan citizens of Medina as members of the Umma.
		Non-Muslim citizens would be free to settle their private disputes in their own courts, although all disputes that involve a Muslim would have to be settled in a Muslim court.
	www.tvwiki.tv /wiki/Ummah (311 words)

	Marine, Boat, Boats, Boating-United We Stand-About Us
		The mission of the UMMA is to empower the independent builder in order to survive in a highly competitive and changing industry.
		UMMA powerboat Members produce a wide variety of quality aluminum and fiberglass boats ranging in size from 8 feet to 150 feet in length in the categories of salt and freshwater fishing, runabouts, cruising, yachts, pontoon and deck boats, houseboats, and performance boats.
		UMMA Members enjoy a preferred relationship with BRP for Johnson and Evinrude outboard motors, as well as with Suzuki outboards.
	www.ummaonline.com /about_us.htm (400 words)

	Nacums
		UMMA has stayed with the informal group concept, without elected officers and annual dues.
		UMMA attempted annual dues and a quarterly newsletter in the early 1990s, but discontinued in that direction when it became too burdensome for the volunteers.
		UMMA has a Core Group that consists of the schools that have hosted these conferences and the host of the next conference automatically becomes President.
	www.nacums.org /Regionals/umma.php (360 words)

	IslamiCity.com - Applying Islamic principles
		UMMA Clinic exemplifies core Islamic tenets of mercy, compassion and social justice..
		University Muslim Medical Association (UMMA) clinic was established by Muslim graduate and medical students at UCLA and Charles R. Drew University to provide community service to the public at large.
		Nationally, UMMA was the first free medical clinic founded by Muslim-Americans in the United States.
	www.islamicity.com /articles/Articles.asp?ref=IC0607-3054 (618 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Region \| Dissension in the ranks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		When Umma Party leader Al-Mahdi fled Khartoum in December 1996, ostensibly to be closer to the nerve centre of opposition forces in Asmara, hopes were high that he would strengthen the opposition's resolve to topple the government in Khartoum.
		Meanwhile, Umma leader Al-Mahdi dismissed the NDA as an organisation controlled by "scheming communists" and "southern secessionists." Al-Mahdi told the Weekly, "The SPLA has been negotiating with the [Sudanese] government in Nairobi and Kampala [the capital of Uganda].
		The Umma Party leader believes that Al-Bashir is serious in his desire to allow the restoration of democracy in Sudan and reports are rife about the possible return of Al-Mahdi to Khartoum.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2000/474/re4.htm (985 words)

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