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	Underground comix - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Underground comics (or comix) are self-published or small press comic books that sprang up in the US in the late 1960s.
		The underground comix were largely distributed though a network of head shops which also sold underground newspapers, psychedelic posters, and drug paraphernalia.
		Although many of the underground artists continued to produce work, the underground comix movement is considered by most historians to have ended by 1976, to be replaced by a rise in independent, non-Comics Code compliant publishing companies in the 1980s and the resulting increase in acceptance of adult-oriented comic books (see alternative comics).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Underground_comix (541 words)

	Underground comix - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The term "underground comics" or "comix" describes the self-published or small press comic books that sprang up in the US in the late 1960s.
		Underground artists typically adapted by producing shorter works that were collected into anthology comic books along with other artist's works.
		Underground comix reflect the concerns of the 1960s counterculture: experimentation in all things, drug-altered states of mind, rejection of sexual taboos, ridicule of "the establishment." The spelling "comix" is preferred as this was established to differentiate these publications from maintstream "comics".
	visalia.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Underground_comics (437 words)

	X-Tra:: Volume 6, Issue 1
		Comix are also indebted—at least in the minds of some of their creators—to the then-new psychedelic drug LSD, which they saw as an agent for just that sort of liberation.
		The fact that the underground comix were in large part a self-conscious visual art movement is often lost in discussions of comix.
		Underground comix set the precedent for the field of serious-themed comic books (and “graphic novels”) that has emerged in recent decades, as well as ‘zines and “punk” graphics.
	x-traonline.org /vol6_2/comix_review.html (3064 words)

	Underground Comix Collection
		In those days comix were sold in what were known as "headshops." For instance, the Free Press Bookstores in Los Angeles were really headshops selling drug paraphernalia surrounded by the protective cover of book sales.
		The underground comix grew out of the political and cultural foment of the 1960s and '70s and reflected in graphic terms the issues of those times.
		The legacy of the underground comix is mixed.
	www.lib.calpoly.edu /spec_coll/comix (929 words)

	Underground comix overview by Lambiek
		Comix originated from a variety of sources, which can be traced back to the 1950s.
		As children, the future underground artists were the very people who had been worst hit - they watched their parents tear up their comics collections, or throw them on the playground fires.
		One hot spot in the underground comix scene was the Armadillo World Headquarters in Austin, Texas, which was basically a pub with a music hall that attracted many artists, and resulted in publications like 'Armadillo Comix' and 'Austin Stone'.
	www.lambiek.net /comics/underground.htm (1011 words)

	Profiles 45 - Underground Comics (Jun 2001)
		The undergrounds furthermore enjoyed an influx of expatriates of the played-out art-poster scene, which had become somewhat passe, commercial, and stagnant by the standards of the day (most likely, posters had simply lost their countercultural credibility by becoming popular to a wider consumer base).
		Inasmuch as the underground comic provided a place to say things one normally couldn't say in comics, we need not display too much surprise that the political content of such works tended towards the gauche, the galling, the extreme, or the deliberately hateful.
		Undergrounds played in a domain of overstimulation rather than understatement, one in which an artificially effete reader would suffer considerable exposure to precisely those disturbing elements his kind often bands together to censor.
	www.fortunecity.com /tatooine/niven/142/profiles/pro45.html (3487 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The heyday of underground comix was also the period when racial integration finally reached mainstream, syndicated comic strips and comic books. Besides not being the most influential, damaging, extreme, or important race-related cartooning of that period, the outrageous racial stereotypes in underground comix were not even especially controversial. Still, they cry out for closer study.
		UG comix began as a self-conscious effort to satirize and lay bare the myths and self-conceptions of the reigning mainstream culture.
		These path-breaking comix sparked an exceptionally original and innovative body of work, but the accomplishments of the comix were nourished by comix artists’ antiquarian love for the works of earlier generations of cartoonists.
	web.nwe.ufl.edu /~ronan/Rifas.doc (10705 words)

	Lollipop Magazine Online
		Many of these independent and uncensored comix were an outgrowth of such early underground papers as the Berkeley Barb, the Chicago Seed and the East Village Other; homes to many of the early comix contributors.
		Underground comix were an early outburst of '60s energy that broke all convention and connections with the pre-teen giants like Marvel Comics and D.C.'s Superman.
		The comix market has shrunk - paper costs rocketed in 1996 - and dozens of tiny publishers fight over 15 % of the market, while the top three comics publishers fight to stay out of receivership.
	www.lollipop.com /issue34/34-01-09.html (1397 words)

	Underground Collectibles - Comix and Comics
		Underground Collectibles sells underground comix, posters, books, original art & prints, and other counterculture related items from the 60’s and 70’s with a special emphasis on underground comix.
		Weirdo, which had a 28-issue run, was a comix magazine created by R. Crumb in the early 80s.
		Oh, and we haven’t heard anything lately on the new underground comix price guide which is suppose to be out this month.
	www.undergroundcollectibles.com (741 words)

	Underground comix: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Underground artists typically adapted by producing shorter works that were collected into anthology comic[follow this hyperlink for a summary of this topic] books along with other artist's works.
		Underground comix reflect the concerns of the 1960s (The decade from 1960 to 1969)
		Zap Comix (Zap comix is among the best-known of the underground comics that emerged as part of the youth counterculture...)
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/underground_comix (2076 words)

	Powell's Books - Rebel Visions: The Underground Comix Revolution 1963-1972 by Patrick Rosenkranz
		A provocative chronicle of the guerrilla art movement that changed comics forever, this comprehensive book follows the movements of 50 artists from 1967 to 1972, the heyday of the underground comix movement.
		The counterculture was omnipresent in San Francisco for those few years, with underground tabloids like Yellow Dog and Gothic Blimp Works steering the zeitgeist out-of-control, along with the music, political, and psychedelic drug scenes, all of which found a group of unlikely revolutionaries who drew cartoons right at the epicenter.
		Chronicles twelve years and fifty artists of the underground comix phenomenon, which depicted controversial American issues ranging from political repression to the sexual revolution during the 1960s.
	www.powells.com /biblio?isbn=1560974648 (478 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		These comics were in fl and white, published by small publishing companies, totally under the control of their authors; they tended to transpose in the comic form contents and values of the counterculture.
		Underground comics are, then, completely free from censorship, depicting sex, drugs and violence explicitly, standing fiercely against the Comics Code.
		Anyway, this paper doesn't concern the contents of underground comix: my analysis will focus on the changes brought by underground comix on discourse, the way these contents are expressed.
	web.nwe.ufl.edu /~ronan/comics/ALIcafa.doc (697 words)

	R. Crumb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The cantankerous, misogynistic godfather of underground comix, R. Crumb began his career as a sexually obsessed, misanthropic loner under the influence of Mad magazine and Bruegel.
		In 1968, the first issue of Zap Comix was published and Crumb and his first wife, Dana, hawked copies from a baby carriage in Haight-Ashbury.
		Zap Comix was an underground press success and attracted the attention of other artists, including S. Clay Wilson, Victor Moscoso and Rick Griffin, all of whom joined Zap with issue two.
	statweb.stat.pitt.edu /stoffer/Crumb.html (1265 words)

	MS 636 Underground Comix
		Underground Comix Collection, MS 636, Special Collections Department, Iowa State University Library.
		Underground comics (or “comix”, a common spelling) are defined as comic books with adult themes discussing controversial topics and often mocking conventional society.
		In an effort to avoid being exploited by the big business comic books had become, artists began to sidestep the traditional comic superpowers, Marvel and DC, and started publishing their own, similar, books with a new perspective and emphasized respecting author’s rights.
	www.lib.iastate.edu /spcl/manuscripts/MS636.html (283 words)

	Amazon.com: Comix: The Underground Revolution: Books: Dez Skinn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Underground comic books (which took the name "comix," using the "x" to signify their adult nature) erupted in the 1960s as a reaction to ultraconservative and patriotic comics produced by the large corporations that featured characters like Captain America and Superman.
		Comix is an homage to both the motivation and the talent of the artists working then and now in the genre.
		This is the first book to explore the artwork and countercultural legacy of comix, key events in the history of this medium, and biographies of its most influential artists and writers.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1560255722?v=glance (668 words)

	Recommended Books and Films on Underground Comix
		Bill Griffith, AKA Griffy, is one of the founders of the underground comix movement.
		His Zippy The Pinhead, originally featured in underground comix, is now syndicated to newspapers worldwide.
		It draws you deeper and deeper into underground artist Robert Crumb's head, until you ultimately see the world from his weird and troubling vantage point.
	www.artie.com /books5.htm (252 words)

	Rebel Visions: The Underground Comix Revolution 1963-1975, Patrick Rosenkranz
		The undergrounds were a product of their times, a backhanded slap across the face of the vapid, innocuous, kid-safe mass-market comics of the late 1950s and early '60s.
		As cartoonist Gilbert Shelton attests, "Underground comics were more like art and less like comics." They tackled taboo topics of politics, sex, drugs, history and everyday life in ways that were even more daring than the most exalted and groundbreaking films of their time.
		We are left with the impression that the underground movement was an artistic community, with each player influenced by and influencing the work of others.
	www.rambles.net /rosenkranz_rvisions02.html (689 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Comix: The Underground Revolution: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The comix of the title emerged in 1960s America as a reaction to ultra-conservative and patriotic comics produced by the large corporations that featured characters such as Captain America and Superman.
		They found their first dedicated audience in the Flower Power generation, and having suffered badly as a result of punk, disco and big business in the 1970s, a new breed of comix has, in recent years, begun to rise from the ashes.
		Comix: The Underground Revolution is an homage both to the motivation and the talent of the artists working then and now in the genre.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/184340186X (511 words)

	Index to Comic Art Collection: "Underground Comic Books, Strips, Etc.--Articles About" to "Underground Comix" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Digging the Underground : a special report on underground comix / prepared for the Cartoonists Guild by Howard Cruse.
		Comix / Museum of Contemporary Art, February 5 to March 19, 1972 ; text by Patricia Stewart.
		Topics covered include Spiegelman's fan and underground work, editing Arcade the Comics Revue, his work and consultantship with Topps Bubble Gum, work for Playboy, the history of Maus, and the beginnings of Raw.
	www.lib.msu.edu /comics/rri/urri/undercoy.htm (3411 words)

	Underground Comix and R. Crumb
		In 1962, Crumb's family moved to Cleveland and Robert went to work for the American Greeting Card Company.He married his first wife, Dana, in 1964 and began doing work for other entities, including the aforementioned Help magazine, where he worked with/for one his greatest influences, comic artists and Mad co-creator Harvey Kurtzman.
		It was not long before their creative minds were tapped by San Franciscan's Don Donahoe and Charles Plymell and "Zap Comix" #0 was published in 1967.
		Throughout the decades since, he has been hailed as an anachronist and an anarchist, a genius and a revolutionary.
	www.psu.edu /dept/inart10_110/inart10/cmbk7crumb.html (887 words)

	Underground Comix
		The cover of Zap comix number 3, the infamous Captain Pissgums, and my last S. Clay Wilson image.
		Created by R. Crumb, the most famous of all underground artists, notorious recluse, and the subject of a remarkable biographical film entitled, "Crumb".
		For more on underground comix - lots more - click here.
	pjdonovan.tripod.com /comics/underground_comix.htm (247 words)

	Comic creator: Victor Moscoso
		Victor Moscoso is one of the main artists of the early American underground comix scene.
		Although mainly known as an illustrator of covers of psychedelic rock albums, Moscoso was one of the most important artists of Zap comix, the underground comic magazine started by Robert Crumb.
		He was already spending the better part of a week designing two and sometimes three rock posters, which were printed on good paper, sold for a dollar, and therefore more tangible than the underground tabloids which were printed on cheap newsprint and destined for oblivion.
	www.lambiek.net /artists/m/moscoso.htm (154 words)

	1stComix Underground Comix Comics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		These are the comics that started with Robert Crumb's Zap Comix in 1967 in Haight Ashbury.
		Catalog-This section includes scans of the front and back covers of over 1,000 underground comix.
		Currently they are organized by title alphabetically, with each letter of the alphabet represented by a page with thumbnails that link to the underground comix covers.
	www.1stcomix.com (173 words)

	Weird Zines from the Underground Comix
		It began from scratch on a Tuesday afternoon, and by Friday night was on sale at SF Comic Co. Comix artist Rory Hayes was among the contributors.
		She gave Jim a number of her comix and "juvenalia" - early work by Gebbie, a few of which Jim signed on the back when he a couple to me. A comix artist in her own right, her work with S. Clay Wilson was stunning, and very detailed.
		The fl and white printing of the undergrounds also served to evoke a sense of the freedom and accessibility of the form.
	pages.sbcglobal.net /kenkaffkegoldengate/_wsn/page5.html (3293 words)

	COMICON.com: 5/6 NEWS ON ISRAEL'S UNDERGROUND COMIX SCENE
		Through their art, Dimona presents personal accounts of living in Israel in a variety of styles and media, with artwork and themes that test the boundaries of the comic book medium.
		Dimona Comix recently announced that their works will be distributed by Diamond Comics, the largest comics and graphic-novels distributor in the U.S. Dimona is just one of many Israeli comic book publishers whose work has found an audience outside of Israel.
		The underground comic book scene has surfaced in Israel and is popular in the outside markets, as publishers are now printing their illustrations in the English language.
	www.comicon.com /cgi-bin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic&f=37&t=004653 (626 words)

	Dutch Comix
		Although the Dutch underground comix were considered a part of the counterculture, many of the cartoonists were as influenced by Donald Duck comic books as they were by the American undergrounds, and also found inspiration in architecture, music, and European art traditions.
		Dutch underground publications often took the form of tabloid newspapers and comic books, but some alternate publications preferred to experiment with printing and layout and binding techniques, and their publications changed size and appearance with each issue.
		By the mid-1970s, the comix movement had slowed down in Europe as well as America, and the publication schedule for Tante Leny became more sporadic.
	members.aol.com /dutchcomix/dutchcomix.html (2764 words)

	D I E S I R A E (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		We are proud to present the first five pages of the first issue of DIES IRAE (entitled "Day of Wrath, Day of Judgment"), illustrated by the great Spain Rodriguez, one of the founders of the underground comix movement in the Sixties and the creator of the legendary Sixties revolutionary superhero, Trashman.
		Learn more about the legendary creator of Trashman, one of the originators of underground comix in the Sixties.
		Read about the evolution of Zap Comix and underground comix in general, with looks at the work of Robert Crumb, S. Clay Wilson, Gilbert Shelton, Rick Griffin, Skip Williamson, Victor Moscoso, and Robert Williams.
	diesirae911.com (721 words)

	Amazon.ca: Rebel Visions: The Underground Comix Revolution 1963-1972: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Lavishly illustrated with pages and panels from the underground press of the time (at least one per page), the book serves as a solid reference point for the developing styles of hippie draftsmanship.
		For those who are familiar with underground comic books, Patrick Rosenkranz has provided an amazing amount of background information about the creators and the times that produced what could be viewed as the trashiest and/or the most significant cultural artifacts of the second half of the 20th Century.
		Most of the comix displayed and discussed in Rebel Visions were all about breaking taboos, about freedom of expression in the face of a repressive mainstream culture and not about tittilation.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/1560974648 (769 words)

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