
	Where results make sense

Topic: Undulators

	Magnetics Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The APS is continually being upgraded with new undulators, both to outfit new beamlines and to bring new capabilities or increased brightness to existing beamlines.
		Undulator magnets are placed in various areas of the storage ring where the path would otherwise be straight.
		To date 28 undulators have been installed to provide photons at energy levels required for specific experiments and plans are to install 11 more in the next few years, with more to come later as the remaining few beamline sectors are constructed and as existing beamlines are upgraded.
	www.magneticsmagazine.com /mag_newsletter2_8-04.htm (1612 words)

	SSRL: Wiggler and Undulator Magnets
		The wigglers and undulators are inserted between the bending magnets, which keep the electrons traveling around the storage ring.
		Wigglers or undulators (also known as insertion devices) produce synchrotron radiation that is considerably brighter than radiation from a bending magnet.
		The deflections of the beam are smaller in an undulator than in a wiggler, and the radiation's brightness can, in theory, be increased by a factor about equal to the square of the number of oscillations, but only at discrete photon energies.
	www2.slac.stanford.edu /vvc/ssrl/wigglers.html (222 words)

	The UE56 Double Helical Undulators at BESSY
		The UE56 undulators at BESSY are elliptical polarizing insertion devices of the Apple-type.
		At either end of the double undulator and in between the two undulator structures there are magnet structures, called chicane and modulator, respectively.
		In the chicane mode the electrons are deflected such that the averaged trajectory in the upstream undulator points 200 µrad towards the outside, and the average trajectory in the downstream undulator points 200µrad towards the in side of the ring.
	www.bessy.de /lab_profile/02.instrumentation/en.01.id/more/ue56.html (464 words)

	Synchrotron Radiation
		Undulators are periodic magnet structures that represent the state of the art in producing synchrotron radiation.
		Undulators at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) cover the spectral range from 100-1000 eV photon energy, which contains the sharpest core level of each element.
		Undulators at the Synchrotron Radiation Center (SRC) are optimized for the 10-100 eV energy range, which represents the best energies for exciting the valence electrons.
	uw.physics.wisc.edu /~himpsel/synrad.html (893 words)

	In-Vacuum undulators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		If one considers now the radiation emitted by undulators, in order to cover easily a large energy range by tuning the gap the K value at the minimum gap should be at least 2.
		The standard in-vacuum type undulator has a period length of 32 mm, and by using harmonics 1 to 5, it is possible to cover extensively energies from 5 to 80 keV.
		Other devices are "in-vacuum", for example, the vertical in-vacuum undulator generating a horizontal magnetic field is also installed in the storage ring.
	www.spring8.or.jp /e/facility/bl/insertion/IDtech/IDpres/InVac.html (442 words)

	In-Vacuum undulators
		The vertical in-vacuum undulator generates a horizontal magnetic field, thus forcing the electron beam to oscillate in the vertical plane.
		To generate a vertical field, the usual upper and lower arrays of magnets are divided in two, with left and right parts, for a total of 4 arrays.
		At SPring-8, to enhance the horizontal uniformity of the magnetic field, the arrays the magnets are shaped with a gutter.
	www.spring8.or.jp /e/facility/bl/insertion/IDtech/IDpres/vertical.html (84 words)

	THE UCSB FEL UNDULATORS
		A permanent-magnet undulator technology, capable of generating extremely homogeneous magnetic fields, has been developed for the UCSB Free-Electron Lasers.
		These undulators are based on the planar Hybrid configuration and employ a novel robotic adjustment procedure that results in three-dimensional control of field homogeneity.
		The undulator adjustment mechanism is clearly visible as are recesseses in the resonator's vacuum chamber wall for the pole tips.
	sbfel3.ucsb.edu /6mv/undulators/undulators.html (169 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		Undulators for high-performance applications in synchrotron-radiation sources and periodic magnetic structures for free-electron lasers have stringent requirements on the curvature of the electron`s average trajectory.
		Undulators using the permanent magnet hybrid configuration often have fields in their central region that produce a curved trajectory caused by local, ambient magnetic fields such as those of the earth.
		Magnetic design, mechanical configuration of the flux shunts and magnetic measurements of their effect on the ALS undulators are described.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=10178345 (256 words)

	Spontaneous Spectra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Although the brilliance and flux of the spontaneous emission is several orders of magnitude smaller than the laser values, the spectrum has the advantage that it is nearly a continuum (see Figure 0.86).
		An undulator gap height of 11 mm is assumed.
		The undulator gap, which is a free parameter in this optimization, is assumed to be 11 mm.
	www-hasylab.desy.de /facility/fel/overview/publications/xfel_cdr_sc/scifel/node136.html (830 words)

	Undulators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Light sources use undulators to force the electrons on a ``slalom course'' for emission of bright synchrotron light.
		The most primitive model for an undulator is a series of small dipole magnets of length
		Wigglers are similar to undulators, but have fewer poles and higher field.
	slsbd.psi.ch /pub/cas/cas/node26.html (81 words)

	[No title]
		The major objective of this research is the observation of photons emitted with expected energy in a crystalline undulator, the measurement of the CU spectrum, the demonstration that the crystalline undulator works for the first time.
		The X-ray tests of the crystal deformation due to given periodic pattern of surface scratches have shown that a sinusoidal-like shape is observed on both the scratched surface and the opposite (unscratched) face of the crystal, that is, a periodic sinusoidal-like deformation goes through the bulk of the crystal.
		Further on, we optimized the CU manufacturing process and were able to produce a series of undulators with the following parameters: the length along the beam 1 to 5 mm, thickness across the beam 0.3 to 0.5 mm, 10 periods of oscillation with period of 0.1 to 0.5 mm [4].
	www.bo.infn.it /sminiato/sm04/Bellucci_MP.doc (3196 words)

	End pole configuration for segmented SASE undulators with variable gap (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A SASE undulator in the 1 A wavelength regime requires a total length of several hundred meters to achieve saturation and, therefore, will be constructed in a modular way as a separated function device.
		For the TESLA XFEL project one cell will consist of an about 4-5 m long undulator segment housing the magnetic structure, followed by one quadrupole and a set of correction coils.
		We have investigated a possible end pole configuration of such a device which reduces the gap dependence of the field integrals to a minimum acceptable value.
	www.fel.duke.edu /fel2000/program/book/node104.html (177 words)

	Oxford University Press: Undulators and Free-electron Lasers: H. Motz
		This new reference is the first fully self-contained and unified monograph on the design and operation of undulators and free-electron lasers.
		It will be of use to all those working in free-electron laser research as well as for physicists and graduate students who need an introduction to the field.
		Interaction of the undulator with the driving accelerator is treated along with the laser cavity and the design of undulator magnets.
	130.88.203.72 /us/catalog/general/subject/Physics/AtomicMolecularOpticalphysics/~~/c2Y9YWxsJnNzPWF1dGhvciZzZD1hc2MmcGY9ODAmdmlldz11c2EmcHI9MTAmYm9va0NvdmVycz1udWxsJmNpPTAxOTg1MjAxOTA= (297 words)

	Undulators and Wigglers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The brightest synchrotron light at the ALS comes from undulators (located in the straight sections of the storage ring) that contain over one hundred magnetic poles lined up in rows above and below the electron beam.
		Although they are about 4.5 meters long and weigh about 40,000 pounds, the undulators have to be built to extreme precision.
		The photo shows one undulator installed in a straight section of the storage ring (lower left), and another undulator being moved above the storage ring shielding to its final location in another part of the ring.
	www.lbl.gov /MicroWorlds/ALSTool/ALS_Components/UndulatorWigs (164 words)

	ScienceDaily Books : The Science And Technology Of Undulators And Wigglers (Oxford Series on Synchrotron Radiation) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Synchrotron radiation sources are now used routinely by thousands of research scientists and engineers throughout the world to perform experiments in biology, physics, materials science, chemistry and so on.
		The very best of these sources are based upon the use of undulator and wiggler insertion devices that can enhance the intensity of the radiation by many orders of magnitude.
		This book, which is part of the Oxford Series on Synchrotron Radiation, brings together both a detailed step by step description of the radiation properties from these devices as well as an explanation of the practical realization of actual devices using available magnet technologies.
	www.sciencedaily.com /cgi-bin/apf4/amazon_products_feed.cgi?Operation=ItemLookup&ItemId=0198508557 (1556 words)

	ALSNews Vol. 153 May 24, 2000
		Klaus Halbach, the Berkeley Lab physicist whose idea for permanent-magnet undulators ushered in the era of third-generation synchrotrons, died on May 11, 2000, at his home in Berkeley, following a long battle with prostate cancer.
		Klaus's most famous invention, the permanent-magnet undulator, is the essential driving technology behind third-generation synchrotrons such as the ALS.
		Unlike electromagnets, permanent-magnet undulators require neither expensive electrical power nor space-consuming coils to produce their powerful magnetic fields.
	www-als.lbl.gov /als/als_news/news_archive/vol.153_052400.html (1290 words)

	Simulation Helps Design Undulators To Lift Advanced Photon Source Usefulness
		We care about that field because we don't want sections of the magnet blocks demagnetizing, and because it correlates with susceptibility to radiation damage."
		Moog said that she typically runs through 50 iterations from the start to the finish of the design process with perhaps the last five or ten being in 3D.
		These photons all travel in the same direction down the undulator beamline to the user's experiment.
	www.modelingandsimulation.org /issue5/industrynews2.html (905 words)

	WUS2005 program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Small gap in-vacuum undulators: Performance at the SLS Storage Ring in Comparison with requirements for FEL single-pass amplifiers
		Prospects of a superconducting planar-helical undulator for SR and FEL facilities.
		Undulator control at the BESSY Soft X-ray FEL
	adweb.desy.de /~faatz/wus2005/program.html (195 words)

	More Information
		Many short amplitude wigglers in succession serve to concentrate the radiation spatially in a narrow cone, and spectrally in a narrow frequency interval.
		A multi-period wiggler such as this is called an undulator, and undulator and wiggler devices are generically known as insertion devices as they are inserted in a free straight section of the storage ring.
		This book contains a detailed presentation of the radiation produced by insertion devices, the engineering and associated beamline instrumentation, and some scientific applications.
	www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk /html/moreinfo.asp?etailerid=19&bookId=536893871 (266 words)

	Insertion Device Calculations with Mathematica -- from Mathematica Information Center
		The design of accelerator insertion devices such as wigglers and undulators has usually been aided by numerical modeling on digital computers, using code in high level languages like Fortran.
		In the present era, there are higher level programming environments like IDL, MatLab, and Mathematica in which these calculations may be performed by writing much less code, and in which standard mathematical techniques are very easily used.
		These routines include a simple way to generate magnetic fields using blocks of CSEM materials, trajectory solutions from the Lorentz force equations for given magnetic fields, Bessel function calculations of radiation for wigglers and undulators and general radiation calculations for undulators.
	library.wolfram.com /infocenter/Articles/1433 (155 words)

	Simulations of the TJNAF FEL with Tapered and Inversely Tapered Undulators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Simulations of the TJNAF FEL with Tapered and Inversely Tapered Undulators
		Experiments using the TJNAF FEL have explored operation with both a tapered and inversely tapered undulator.
		Yet, advantages for recirculation of the electron beam can be explored.
	www.fel.duke.edu /fel2000/program/book/node199.html (138 words)

	OUP: Undulators and Free-Electron Lasers: Luchini (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The relevent conceptual and mathematical constructs are built up from first principles with attention to obtaining the practically important results in a simple but rigorous way.
		Interaction of the undulator with the driving electron accelerator and the laser cavity and design of undulator magnets are treated and an overview is given of some typical experiments.
		Bibliographical note; Early developments; Overview of the general operational principles; Motion of an electron in an undulating magnetic field; Undulator radiation; Small-signal, small-gain free-electron laser; Large gain; Saturation; Tapered undulators; Undulator operation; Magnet design; Experiments and applications; Appendix A. Concepts of Hamiltonian relativistic mechanics; Appendix B. Effective mass; Appendix C. Undulator and FEL formulary.
	www.oup.co.uk /isbn/0-19-852019-0 (423 words)

	Display tag Installation of undulators at ALS LBNL Image Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Installation of undulators at the Advanced Light Source.
		"Moving Day" took on special meaning on September 19, 1995 as the U8 undulator in sector 9 was moved to its new location in sector 12 and the U10 undulator was installed in its place.
		Shown is the U10 passing above the U8 on the way to its new berth.
	imglib.lbl.gov /ImgLib/COLLECTIONS/BERKELEY-LAB/index/96804061.html (81 words)

	ScienceDaily Third Party New : The Science And Technology Of Undulators And Wigglers (Oxford Series on Synchrotron ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		ScienceDaily Third Party New : The Science And Technology Of Undulators And Wigglers (Oxford Series on Synchrotron Radiation)
		Third Party New : The Science And Technology Of Undulators And Wigglers (Oxford Series on Synchrotron Radiation)
		The Science And Technology Of Undulators And Wigglers (Oxford Series on Synchrotron Radiation)
	www.sciencedaily.com /cgi-bin/apf4/amazon_products_feed.cgi?myOperation=New&ItemId=0198508557 (1515 words)

	The Science and Technology of Undulators and Wigglers - Wal-Mart
		The Science and Technology of Undulators and Wigglers - Wal-Mart
		: The Science and Technology of Undulators and Wigglers
		Author: Clarke, James A. Click image to enlarge it
	www.walmart.com /catalog/product.gsp?product_id=3195674 (544 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)