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Topic: Unfederated Malay States

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	Unfederated Malay States - Encyclopedia.com
		of the former Unfederated Malay States of Johor, Kelantan...
		Sumatera to the west coast of the Malay peninsula.
		The colonial state and business: the policy environment in Malaya in the inter-war years.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-X-Unfedera.html (601 words)

	Australian Information from Wikipedia
		British Malaya loosely described a set of states on the Malay Peninsula that were colonized by the British from the 18th and the 19th until the 20th century.
		Perak is a state on the western shore of the Malay Peninsula and in the 18th and 19th century, it was discovered the state was rich in tin.
		The Unfederated Malay States on the other hand maintained their quasi-independence, had more autonomony and instead of having a Resident they were only required to accept a British Advisor, though in reality, they were still bound by treaty to accept the advice.
	www.thinkingaustralia.com /thinking_australia/wikipedia/default.php?title=British_Malaya (4113 words)

	Federated Malay States Summary
		The Federated Malay States (FMS) was a former federation of the states of Perak, Pahang, Selangor, and Negeri Sembilan on the southern part of the Malay Peninsula.
		A council of Malay rulers for the FMS was instituted to discuss matters of importance with the British rulers.
		The Federated Malay States (FMS) was a federation of four states on the Malay Peninsula - Pahang, Perak, Selangor, and Negeri Sembilan - established by the British government in 1895, and lasted until 1946, when they together with the Straits Settlements and the Unfederated Malay States formed the Malayan Union.
	www.bookrags.com /Federated_Malay_States (586 words)

	1873, June 20. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Nine of the smaller states were federated and became Negri Sembilan.
		In west coast FMS (Federated Malay States), the first census counted 218,000 people, of whom the Malays numbered only 53 percent—reflecting the increased immigration of Chinese and Indian merchants and others.
		Traditional rulers (sultans) and the British strove to isolate Malays in villages that continued to operate according to traditional agrarian values.
	www.bartleby.com /67/1411.html (410 words)

	Malaysia information guide : History of Malaysia
		The commercial importance of tin mining in the Malay states to merchants in the Straits Settlements led to British government intervention in the tin-producing states in the Malay Peninsula.
		By the turn of the 20th century the states of Pahang, Selangor, Perak, and Negeri Sembilan, known together as the Federated Malay States (not to be confused with the Federation of Malaya), were under the de facto control of British Residents appointed to advise the Malay rulers.
		The Malayan Union, established in 1946 and consisting of all the British possessions in Malaya with the exception of Singapore, was dissolved in 1948 and replaced by the Federation of Malaya, which restored the autonomy of the rulers of the Malay states under British protection.
	www.gomalaysiahotel.com /travel_guide/history.htm (1595 words)

	Unfederated Malay States: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		...Straits Settlements) from the Federated Malay States (FMS) of Perak, Selangor, Negri Sembilan and Pahang and the Unfederated Malay States (UMS) of Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu and Johor.
		MALAY RULERS The structure of political authority in Malay society remained undisturbed in the uncolonized Unfederated Malay States.
		Until the establishment of the Federation of Malaya (1948), it was classed as one of the Unfederated Malay States.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/unfederated-malay-states.jsp?l=U&p=1 (890 words)

	1873, June 20. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Nine of the smaller states were federated and became Negri Sembilan.
		In west coast FMS (Federated Malay States), the first census counted 218,000 people, of whom the Malays numbered only 53 percent—reflecting the increased immigration of Chinese and Indian merchants and others.
		Traditional rulers (sultans) and the British strove to isolate Malays in villages that continued to operate according to traditional agrarian values.
	www.bartelby.com /67/1411.html (410 words)

	The Ultimate Malaysia - American History Information Guide and Reference
		West Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Malay Peninsula) shares a land frontier on the north with Thailand and is connected by a causeway and a bridge on the south with the island of Singapore;
		The other Peninsular states were known as the Unfederated Malay States and, while not directly under rule from London, had British advisors in the Sultans' courts.
		The states are: Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, and Terengganu.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Malaysia (2733 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Unfederated Malay States
		Together the states were not a single entity but merely a category to describe those states which were not the Federated Malay States or the Straits Settlements.
		The five states later joined with the other states to form the Malayan Union, and are now part of Malaysia.
		The de facto official language of the Unfederated Malay States was Malay with Jawi script.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Unfederated_Malay_States (229 words)

	Unfederated Malay States Summary
		The main difference between the five UMS and the four Federated Malay States (FMS) was that British control was somewhat looser in the unfederated states.
		While British influence extended to all of the nine Malay states, which were ruled by sultans, internal government remained largely under the control of the traditional rulers.
		The four northern states of the UMS (except for Johor) were originally under the sphere of influence of Siam (now Thailand) and were among the poorest on the peninsula.
	www.bookrags.com /Advisor (334 words)

	History of South East Asia
		Most Malay commoners existed in debt-bondage relationships with their royal and noble superiors, and trembled before their authority, but the Malay ruling classes competed vigorously amongst themselves for power and control of the material and human resources of their states.
		The politics of the Malay states were further complicated in the 18th century by a number of regional migrations.
		Malays from all states were galvanized by the blithe disregard for states’ rights and Malay pre-eminence over the immigrant peoples.
	www.aseanfocus.com /publications/history_malaysia.html (7825 words)

	BT Research - History of Malaysia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Unfederated Malay States (Johore, Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terangganu) had a slightly larger degree of independence, although they were unable to resist the wishes of their British Residents for long.
		A small class of Malay nationalist intellectuals began to emerge during the early 20th century, and there was also a revival of Islam in response to the perceived threat of other imported religions, particularly Christianity.
		The government declared a state of emergency, and a National Operations Council, headed by the Deputy Prime Minister, Tun Abdul Razak, took power from the government of Tunku Abdul Rahman, who in September 1970 was forced to retire in favour of Abdul Razak.
	www.breathittteens.com /research.php?title=History_of_Malaysia (8124 words)

	Coat-of-Arms (Malaysia)
		The four former Federated Malay States of Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak and Selangor are represented by the four centre panels, the permutations of whose colours represent the colours of these (red, fl and yellow for Negeri Sembilan; fl and white for Pahang; fl, white and yellow for Perak and red and yellow for Selangor).
		The left-hand division of the shield represents the state of Penang (Pulau Pinang) and the right-hand division, with the Melaka tree, the state of Melaka.
		The four stripes are the colours of the Federated Malay States: white and fl for Pahang, red and yellow for Selangor, fl yellow and white for Perak, red fl and yellow for Negri Sembilan.
	flagspot.net /flags/my).html (807 words)

	Malayan Union Summary
		The Malayan Union was a confederation of the Malay states and the Straits Settlements excluding Singapore, which was placed as a crown colony under direct British rule.
		It was the successor to British Malaya and was conceived to simplify the administration of British colonies in the Malay Peninsula.
		In a way, the Sultans, the traditional rulers of the Malay states, would concede all their powers to the British Crown except in the matters of culture and religion.
	www.bookrags.com /Malayan_Union (768 words)

	Malaysiatickets.info: Cheap Tickets from USA to Malaysia
		It consists of the states of Sabah and Sarawak and the federal territory of Labuan.
		All 70 Senators sit for 3-year terms; 26 are elected by the 13 state assemblies, 2 representing the federal territory of Kuala Lumpur, 1 each from federal territories of Labuan and Putrajaya, and 40 are appointed by the king.
		Malay College Kuala Kangsar is one of the earliest boarding schools to be established in British Malaya.
	www.malaysiatickets.info (7163 words)

	Palmer \| Malaysian Identity
		These states and later Johor were known as the Unfederated Malay States, and their sultans had more freedom of action than the FMS.
		Malays were 48.8 percent of the population in 1921 and Chinese 35.2 percent.
		The Malays are in a long term competition with the Chinese locally for a share of national wealth commensurate with their status as the "definitive people" of the land.
	www.unc.edu /depts/diplomat/item/2006/1012/palm/palmer_malaysia.html (5434 words)

	Constitution & Monarchy In Malaysia- The Official e-Tourism Portal for The Ministry of Tourism - Virtual Malaysia ...
		The Federation consisted of the Federated Malay States (FMS), the Unfederated Malay States and the Straits Settlements of Penang and Melaka.
		The Federation of Malaya Independence Act, 1957 passed by the British Parliament gave parliamentary approval to Her Britannic Majesty Queen Elizabeth II to terminate her sovereignty and jurisdiction in respect of the settlements of Melaka and Penang and all powers and jurisdiction in respect of the Malay States or the Federation as a whole.
		Concluded between the British High Commissioner on behalf of Her Majesty with the Malay Rulers, the Agreement contained the new Constitution of the Federation of Malaya (and the new constitutions of Penang and Melaka).
	www.virtualmalaysia.com /our_malaysia/government/constitution.cfm (653 words)

	ASEAN Member: Malaysia
		West Malaysia or Peninsular Malaysia on the Malay Peninsula shares a land border on the north with Thailand and is connected by the Johor Causeway and the Tuas Second Link on the south with Singapore.
		East Malaysia, consisting of the federal territory of Labuan and the states of Sabah and Sarawak, occupies the northern part of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia and the Sultanate of Brunei.
		British North Borneo (currently the state of Sabah) was a British Crown Colony formerly under the rule of the Sultanate of Sulu, whilst the huge jungle territory of Sarawak was the personal fiefdom of the Brooke (White Rajah) family.
	www.cebu-online.com /makeitcebu/12thaseansummit/members/malaysia.php (3669 words)

	national-anthems.org - hist-malay-states
		The States which before the Second World War were known as the Unfederated Malay States and which maintained Malay Court procedure, free from western influence, for a longer period, did not adopt State Anthems until nearly 20 years after Selangor and Negeri Sembilan.
		This tune was subsequently orchestrated by the Bandmaster of the Malay Regiment, Mr Lenthall and was officially adopted, as the Perlis State Anthem in 1935.
		Every Malay state had now adopted an anthem of her own, but no occasion occurred for them all to be played by one band until after World War Two.
	www.national-anthems.org /hist-malay-states.htm (1486 words)

	Questions over Malay reserve land
		In the State of my birth, Johor, some 26,000 acres of MRL in the Tanjung Langsat-Tanjung Piai area were compulsorily acquired for the development of a new township.
		One of the stated objectives of the proposed amendment to the MRL Enactment is to “free the land for development”.
		During the lease period, Malay owners would get their “rental” from the lessees, who in turn would probably earn much more, either through rentals from the units or through the sale of the properties for the duration of the lease period.
	www.hba.org.my /articles/salleh_buang/2004/questions.htm (1296 words)

	directopedia : Directory : Sports : Badminton : Clubs : Malaysia
		West Malaysia or Peninsular Malaysia on the Malay Peninsula shares a land border on the north with Thailand and is connected by the Johor Causeway and the Tuas Second Link on the south with Singapore.
		East Malaysia, consisting of the federal territory of Labuan and the states of Sabah and Sarawak, occupies the northern part of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia and the Sultanate of Brunei.
		British North Borneo (currently the state of Sabah) was a British Crown Colony formerly under the rule of the Sultanate of Sulu, whilst the huge jungle territory of Sarawak was the personal fiefdom of the Brooke (White Rajah) family.
	www.directopedia.org /directory/Sports-Badminton/Clubs-Malaysia.shtml (5600 words)

	WHKMLA : History of the Unfederated Malay States, 1909-1918
		In 1909, Britain and the Kingdom of Siam signed a treaty according to which the latter renounced her rights of sovereignty over the Malay principalities of KELANTAN, TRENGGANU, PERLIS and KEDAH.
		Map featuring the Malay States, c.1908, from Historical and Political Maps of the Modern Age
		Article Non-Federated Malay States, in : Britannica Book of the Year 1913 pp.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/seasia/unf19091918.html (294 words)

	FIT - Malaysia
		4.4 Stamps for the Federated Malay States were first issued in 1900 with the component states using their own, Federation and each others' (in times of shortage) stamps until 1935 when the Malayan Postal Union was formed and the states made separate issues again.
		4.6 The states of Northern Borneo, North Borneo itself, Labuan (which used the stamps of North Borneo from 1946) Sarawak and Brunei all issued their own stamps in the 1800s (Scott starts Brunei in 1906 as previous issues were for local use only).
		The states were subject to Japanese occupation in 1942 and British Military Administration in 1945, in both cases being administered separately from the other states covered here.
	www.snap-dragon.com /fit_-_malaysia.htm (792 words)

	Malaysia - Databank
		It consists of the federal territory of Labuan islands and the states of Sabah and Sarawak.
		The head of state is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (colloquially referred to as the King), who is elected from among the state sultans to a five-year term, making Malaysia the only elective monarchy in the world.
		Although historically dominated by the Malays, modern Malaysian society is heterogeneous, with substantial Chinese and Indian minorities.
	www.notd-aftermath.com /databank/index.php?title=Malaysia (4913 words)

	Malaysia and I - Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		To this day, when a Malay considers anything important, he looks for a Sanskrit word to describe it: It is the Sanskrit pradana mantri (the Malay perdana mentri) here while in another Malay land, it is Penghulu ng Pilipina for its president.
		Britain established its first colony in the Malay peninsula in 1786, with the granting of the island of Penang to the British East India Company by the Sultan of Kedah.
		By the turn of the 20th century the states of Pahang, Selangor, Perak, and Negeri Sembilan, known together as the Federated Malay States (not to be confused with the Federation of Malaya), were under the de factocontrol of British Residents appointed to advise the Malay rulers.
	www.malaysiaandi.com (2001 words)

	Malaysia
		Malaysia and Singapore were the eventual successor states to the Straits Settlements (Penang, Singapore, Malacca), Federated Malay States (Selangor, Perak, Pahang, Negri Sembilan) and Unfederated Malay States (Perlis, Kedah, Kelantan, Trengganu, and Johor).
		From 1948, the States were granted jurisdiction over application and legislation of shari’ah and from 1952 to 1978, new laws were promulgated in the eleven Muslim-majority States of Malaysia and Sabah, generally entitled Administration of Islamic/Muslim Law Enactments and covering the official determination of Islamic law, explanation of substantive law, and jurisdiction of syariah courts.
		In the absence of a Muslim ruler (in the States of Malacca, Penang, Sabah and Sarawak) or in the Federal Territories (Kuala Lumpur and Labuan) Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Head of State) is declared the head of the religion of Islam.
	www.law.emory.edu /IFL/legal/malaysia.htm (2374 words)

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