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	Religion in Eastern Europe
		It was this Uniate Church in Western Ukraine and, later in the twentieth century, the Ukrainian Autocephalous Church which gave its support to the secular national movement.
		Indeed to be Orthodox was to be anti-Polish; and to be Uniate was to be anti-Russian.
		As the Uniates were being arrested, Patriarch Alexii of Moscow addressed an appeal to the Uniates to break all ties with the Vatican.
	www.georgefox.edu /academics/undergrad/departments/soc-swk/ree/HERLIHY2_UKR.html (5012 words)

	Uniates seeking Truth
		On the Belarusian lands, the Uniate Church comprised some three-quarters of the population until 1839, when it was abolished by Russia, which in the second half of the 18th century partitioned the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth along with Prussia and Austro-Hungary and came into possession of a larger part of Belarusian and Ukrainian ethnic territories.
		The revival of the Uniate Church in western Ukraine (under Polish control) in the first half of the 20th century was connected with the activities of Greek Catholic Metropolitan Sheptytskyy.
		Whereas "Russian Uniates," who have become the topic of serious ecclesiastical correspondence, constitute barely a couple of hundred persons and there are no more than 300,000 Catholics in Russia, the Greek Catholics that have been assigned by the cardinal to "Latin care" constitute, by various estimates, from 500,000 to 1,500,000.
	www.exorthodoxforchrist.com /uniates_seeking_truth.htm (1239 words)

	The Martyrdom of the Drelow Uniates – 17th of January 1874
		The Uniate Church came into being within the borders of Poland as a result of a union signed in Brzesc on the river Bug (Central Europe) in 1596.
		At the same time, the so called Uniates were able to keep their organisation and hierarchy as well as their eastern liturgy and rites in the Old Slavonic language.
		The tsars decided to make the Uniates return to the Orthodox Church, which was practically under their control.
	www.drelow.siedlce.opoka.org.pl /meczennicy/historia_e.htm (1017 words)

	The Byzantine Forum: Article in Singapore's Straits Times & Reply (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Recently, it was announced that the Ukrainian Uniate Church would transfer its headquarters from L'vov in western Ukraine to Kiev, the capital of the country.
		Uniates were Orthodox Christians who struck a sort of agreement with the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century.
		The spread of the influence of the Moscow Orthodox Church thus became tantamount to the spread of the influence of Russia.
	www.byzcath.org /cgibin/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=1;t=002259;p=1 (1343 words)

	The Tragedy of Our Uniate Brothers
		We must enlighten our Uniate brothers that there is nothing edifying when a KGB agent passing as an Orthodox Bishop (Nikodim of Leningrad) dies before a Roman Pontiff after orchestrating a denial of the Faith which he supposedly represented, all in an effort to court influence in the Western Church for his Kremlin cronies.
		In dialogues with Uniates who wish truly to find their place (they feel at times that they are neither Orthodox nor Latin), we must avoid the hatred that accompanies so much religious dialogue—covered up at times by politeness and diplomatic words, but present to a spiritually sensitive person.
		We have spoken with Uniates and have heard them contradict themselves, change their statements, equivocate, and, as the expression goes, "beat around the bush" on issues, only because many of their comments were initially hostile, nasty, and vindictive.
	www.orthodoxinfo.com /ecumenism/uniate_tragedy.aspx (5286 words)

	BHHRG
		It was agreed that the Uniates would keep their traditional Orthodox rituals - and practices like a married priesthood - but would become part of the Catholic Church.
		The Uniates also want to upgrade their headquarters to the level of a Patriarchate - nominally the equal of the various national Orthodox churches - Russia's included - but still under the authority of the Pope in Rome.
		The head of the Ukrainian Uniates, Cardinal Lubomyr Husar, says such objections are "irrelevant", because the Uniates and Orthodox belong to two different churches.
	www.bhhrg.org /mediaDetails.asp?ArticleID=443 (548 words)

	ISN Security Watch - 'Revolution' shows Ukraine's religious divide
		The Uniate Church was established in 1596 when Metropolitan Mikhail Rohoza of Kyiv and other Orthodox bishops signed the Union of Brest, pledging allegiance to the Vatican but retaining Eastern rites and religious practices.
		As the Russian Empire expanded its power into the eastern part of Ukraine throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, the incursions were marked by repression against the Uniates and forced conversions to Orthodoxy, as Moscow used the church as an instrument to "Russify" the Ukrainians.
		With the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukrainian independence in 1991, the Uniates reemerged as a political and religious force in western Ukraine.
	www.isn.ethz.ch /news/sw/details.cfm?ID=10425 (1541 words)

	Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy: has ecumenism lost its way?
		Apparently, the Orthodox have not adverted to the indifference in which they themselves are held by the vast mass of Catholics, and do not see that the lack of interest is born of lack of awareness of their history and their place in Christianity.
		It is from this quarter that exploitation, albeit innocent and well-wishing, can be said to be coming, not from the "Uniates", who are as hungry and bewildered as the rest of the population, and are in as much need of help, in kind and in moral encouragement, as their compatriots.
		The reaction of the Vatican, and indeed of the "Uniates", to these unfortunate harsh words will probably be to follow the example of the Pope at the Synod in Rome, when Metropolitan Spyridon delivered his diatribe.
	www.ad2000.com.au /articles/1992/may1992p8_752.html (2009 words)

	Uniates - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		UNIATES [Uniates] or Uniats: see Roman Catholic Church.
		Uzhorod, Balamand, and beyond: a "uniate" looks to the millennium.
		The suppression of the Romanian Greek Catholic (Uniate) Church.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-x-uniates.html (159 words)

	Page 76
		In 1875 the relatively small diocese of Chelm, which until then remained in the ranks of the Uniates, was also received into the national church, and this ended the existence of a Uniate Church in Russia.
		The only Uniates to be considered in Turkey in Europe are those in the Balkan peninsula, and they are in small groups, considered as belonging to the " missions." There appeared to be hope for union so long as they were politically under an alien government and ecclesiastically dependent upon the ecumenical patriarchate.
		The Uniate churches in Asia and Africa have especial historical and legal interest owing to the fact that they are organized as patriarchates.
	www.ccel.org /s/schaff/encyc/encyc10/htm-old/0094=76.htm (846 words)

	OCA - Orthodox Christians in North America (1794 - 1994)
		To the simple Carpathian mountain villager, however, for whom the Uniate clergy continued to celebrate the ancient Orthodox liturgies in Slavonic, the distinction between "Greek Catholic" and "Greek Orthodox" was largely academic.
		For many Uniates the choice between the culturally insensitive, heavy-handed demands of the Roman Catholic bishops, and Slavic sensitivities, pastoral care and generous financial assistance of the Orthodox missionary diocese was clear.
		As with the Slavic Uniates, Greek immigration to the United States was based on poor economic conditions (in this case the collapse of the export currant market), exaggerated reports by the newly-immigrated of "wonderful opportunities" in the United States, and after 1897 the perpetual threat of war between Greece and her Balkan neighbors.
	www.oca.org /MVorthchristiansnamerica.asp?SID=1&Chap=CH2 (3723 words)

	News & World Affairs--Beliefnet.com
		The participants picketed against the intention of the adherents of the Greek Catholic church (the Uniates) to exhibit a replica of the Shroud of Turin in St. Sophia cathedral.
		He underscored that ‘any encroachment of the uniates and schismatics on the holy place is a blasphemy.
		‘Uniates ignored the opinion of Orthodox Ukrainians and continue their expansion in the capital of country striving to seize St. Sophia Cathedral in Kiev’, Orthodox Church press-service reported.
	www.beliefnet.com /boards/message_list.asp?boardID=354&discussionID=487074 (318 words)

	Religion in Communist Czechoslovakia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There were nine major creeds listed in its censuses: Roman Catholic, Uniate (=Greek Catholic Church; preserving the Eastern rite and discipline but submitting to papal authority), the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren, Lutheran, Calvinist, Orthodox, the Czech Reformed Church (the Hussites), the Old Catholic Church, and Judaism.
		Uniates responded with various forms of resistance, ranging from simply leaving church whenever an Orthodox priest arrived to holding services among themselves.
		In 1968 the government also promised a prompt and humane solution to the Uniates' predicament (induced in part by the Uniates seizing "Orthodox" churches and demanding their own clergy and rites) and officially recognized the Uniate Church.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Religion_in_Communist_Czechoslovakia (1572 words)

	The Uniate Churches
		Today’s situation between the Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church regarding the Uniates.
		The Uniate Church of Ukraine emerged in 1596, with the union of Brest-Litovsk.
		The question of the Uniates churches is one of the most important issues.
	www.periwork.com /peri_db/wr_db/2006_April_27_9_56_30/index.html (2976 words)

	Is The Vatican Getting Serious About the Orthodox?
		Uniates, as in Ukraine, were viewed as "semi-Catholics," or as second-class Catholics.
		From an internal church point of view, the Congregation is the buffer between the Pope and the Uniate communities.
		And if the Vatican is worried about the attitudes of the Uniates, then perhaps it might begin addressing their underlying roots, chief of which is their alienation, practical as well as spiritual, from their Mother Orthodox Church.
	www.unicorne.org /orthodoxy/articles/alex_roman/vatican.htm (1241 words)

	Saint Luke Orthodox Church - Ministries - Community
		In 1889 the Orthodox Church in Russia celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of the reunion of the Uniates of western Russia under the leadership of Metropolitan Joseph (Semashko), Archbishop Antony (Zubko) and bishop Vasily (Lyashevsky).
		The return of the Uniates in America was a continuation of a movement which had begun fifty years earlier in Europe.
		Although a Uniate priest all his life, except for a brief period of one year (1916-1917) as an Orthodox priest, he was an active worker for Orthodoxy.
	www.stlukeorthodox.com /html/thefaith/borichevsky/seperatedforce.cfm (8484 words)

	Eastern Orthodox Forum - Eastern Catholic?
		Chuck: Eastern Catholic churches (often referred to as Uniat or Uniate churches) are those Christian churches professing the Pope of Rome as the supreme head of the Church of Christ.
		Yes, the establishment of the Uniate churches was a sad thing for Christianity and for the Orthodox and Uniates especially.
		So, for the Uniates of eastern Europe, the crimes of the Poles and their forced conversion to fealty to the Pope are long forgotten.
	www.orthodoxforum.com /topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=153& (1785 words)

	Romania - Religion
		Church leaders lauded the "conditions of religious freedom" that the state had guaranteed them and were known to collaborate with the Securitate in silencing clergymen who spoke out against the demolition of churches, interference in church affairs, and atheistic propaganda in the media.
		The suppression of the Uniate Church required collaboration between the regime and the Romanian Orthodox Church hierarchy, which maintained that the Uniates had been forcibly subjugated to Rome and were simply being reintegrated into the church where they properly belonged.
		After 1977 some Uniate clergymen led a movement demanding the reinstatement of their church and full restoration of rights in accordance with constitutional provisions for freedom of worship.
	countrystudies.us /romania/48.htm (1381 words)

	TruthNews
		In Ukraine, some 5 million so-called Greek Catholics or "Uniates" follow Orthodox rites yet pledge their allegiance to the pope.
		Orthodox leaders fear that through the Uniates, Rome has a model for making the Orthodox churches obedient to the Vatican.
		In a historic visit to western Ukraine or Galicia in 2001, the pope made an emotional appeal to Uniates, long associated with the drive for a Ukraine independent of Moscow.
	www.truthnews.net /world/2005030044.htm (1091 words)

	Pontifications » Blog Archive » Anglican Uniates? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Various models have been proposed, from the creation of a uniate body to the establishment of a personal prelature.
		To the Pontificator: The term “Uniate” (together with “Unia” in describing all Eastern Catholic Churches) is a pejoritive developed by the Greek and Russian Orthodox Churches in their polemics towards the existence of most Eastern Catholic Churches.
		The great problem with a Uniate Body is that those who really desire such a thing from the Anglican perspective desire not only autonomy from Latin diocesans and an intact Eucharistic rite (which the Book of Divine Worship has provided quite nicely), but to retain something of the Anglican ethos in terms of doctrinal formulation.
	catholica.pontifications.net /?p=1399 (6380 words)

	Newsform: (jul21n10.htm)
		The history of Romania's Eastern Rite Catholics (Uniates) is summarized by 300 years of difficulties, which at times ended in martyrdom, because of their fidelity to the Pope.
		John Paul II sent a message to Romanian Uniates on the third centenary of their full communion with Rome, just over a year after his visit to Bucharest, the first time a Roman Pontiff had set foot in a country of Orthodox majority.
		Latin Christianity arrived in Romania in the 3rd century, while the Byzantine rite was adopted at the beginning of the 8th century.
	www.dailycatholic.org /issue/2000Jul/jul21n10.htm (439 words)

	[No title]
		The Uniate Greeks, or Greek Catholics, form a special ecclesiastical province with the archdiocese of Lemberg and the suffragan diocese of Przemysl.
		The Uniates of the Armeno-Catholic rite also have an archbishopric of Lemberg, the archbishop likewise ruling over the non-Uniate Armenians of Galicia and Bukowina.
		The patriarch is chosen by the national congress of Servia, which must remain in session sufficiently long for its candidate to receive the sanction of the emperor, after which the formal consecration takes place.
	www.ccel.org /s/schaff/encyc/encyc01/contrib/380.htm (693 words)

	Yakov Krotov (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This is the only church of the "Uniate" confession in Moscow, where people try to preserve the rites and spiritual tradition of Russian Orthodoxy while recognizing the Roman Pope's primacy.
		Under Stalin was declared illegal to perform the liturgy in the Ukrainian language and Uniates were forcibly merged with the Russian Orthodox Church.
		The head of the Uniates in all the former Soviet Union, Patriarch Miroslav Lubochivsky, protested against Chekalin's appointment as Roman Catholic Bishop of the Eastern Rite and claimed that this violated his own rights as leader of all Uniates in the former Soviet Union.
	www.krotov.info /engl/1994/linzey.html (2298 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Josaphat Kuncevyc
		Even as early as the beginning of the sixteenth century the Florentine Union had become a dead-letter; in the case of the Ruthenian Church, complete demoralization followed in the wake of its severance from Rome, and the whole body of its clergy became notorious alike for their gross ignorance and the viciousness of their lives.
		After the Union of Berest’ in 1596 the Ruthenian Church was divided into two contending parties -- the Uniates and those who persevered in schism -- each with its own hierarchy.
		Among the leaders of the schismatic party, who laboured to enkindle popular hatred against the Uniates, Meletius Smotryckyj was conspicuous, and the most celebrated of his victims was Josaphat.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08503b.htm (1073 words)

	St. Michael's Russian Catholic Church :: News :: Jul. 5, 2005
		At the same time 1,500,000 Ukrainian Uniates who are citizens of the Russian federation are being deprived of elemental rights of confession of their faith.
		It said that the creation of the exarchate of the Russian Catholic church of Byzantine rite did not have "juridical basis" on the part of the Vatican, and that activists operating in Russia in the name of the exarchate would have "several measures of canonical procedure" applied to them.
		"Whereas Russian Uniates are the pure result of proselytism on the part of Rome, Ukrainian Greek Catholics are the representatives of a legal church that united millions of believers in western Ukraine."
	stmichaelruscath.org /news/news-20050705.php (648 words)

	Religion: Eastern Rite Churches
		Negotiations led to the 1596 Act of Union, whereby the exchange for the acceptance of the Pope instead of the Patriarch as their spiritual leader, the Orthodox, henceforth known as Greek-Catholics (Uniates), kept their Slavonic liturgy, the marriage of priests and communion with both bread and wine.
		Though the Uniate Bishops had expected to bring over to the Catholic faith their entire flocks, in fact a large proportion of the congregations chose to remain Orthodox and today, Polish official statistics indicate that the Orthodox outnumber the Uniates in Poland by a factor of 5 to 1.
		However, of the Uniates who live in Poland, the vast majority are also descended from that same Galician population.
	info-poland.buffalo.edu /religion/easternrite.html (795 words)

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