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Topic: Unicast

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User datagram protocol

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	Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast
		Unicast is the term used to describe communication where a piece of information is sent from one point to another point.
		Unicast transmission, in which a packet is sent from a single source to a specified destination, is still the predominant form of transmission on LANs and within the Internet.
		The format of IP multicast packets is identical to that of unicast packets and is distinguished only by the use of a special class of destination address (class D IP address) which denotes a specific multicast group.
	www.erg.abdn.ac.uk /users/gorry/course/intro-pages/uni-b-mcast.html (832 words)

	Unicast - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		"Unicast" is derived from the word broadcast, as unicast is the extreme opposite of broadcasting.
		Unicast servers provide a stream to a single user at a time, while multicast servers can support a larger audience by serving content simultaneously to multiple users.
		Unicast is also the name of a Rich Media Company which was acquired by Viewpoint Corporation in 2004.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Unicast (136 words)

	Configuring Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding
		When Unicast RPF is enabled on an interface, the router examines all packets received as input on that interface to make sure that the source address and source interface appear in the routing table and match the interface on which the packet was received.
		Unicast RPF is an input function and is applied only on the input interface of a router at the upstream end of a connection.
		Unicast RPF is dropping or suppressing legitimate packets because the route is misconfigured to use Unicast RPF in environments where asymmetric routing exists; that is, where multiple paths can exist as the best return path for a source address.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122cgcr/fsecur_c/fothersf/scfrpf.htm (4738 words)

	rfc2374
		The Aggregatable Global Unicast Address Format is an improvement over RFC 2073 in a number of areas.
		IPv6 unicast addresses are designed assuming that the Internet routing system makes forwarding decisions based on a "longest prefix match" algorithm on arbitrary bit boundaries and does not have any knowledge of the internal structure of IPv6 addresses.
		Standards Track [Page 2] RFC 2374 IPv6 Global Unicast Address Format July 1998 While this address format is designed to support exchange-based aggregation (in addition to current provider-based aggregation) it is not dependent on exchanges for it's overall route aggregation properties.
	ietfreport.isoc.org /idref/rfc2374 (2637 words)

	Case Study - Unicast
		Rather than take on the continual expense of additional infrastructure, they decided that outsourcing a significant portion of their ad serving traffic would be the most efficient and cost-effective way to manage growth.
		Unicast moved delivery of a significant portion of their services to Akamai’s EdgePlatform, a distributed network of more than 18,000 servers worldwide.
		The solutions give Unicast the ability to deliver content and J2EE Web applications that scale on demand and perform faster and more reliably worldwide—while reducing the demands on their own IT infrastructure and simplifying support.
	www.akamai.com /html/customers/case_study_unicast.html (210 words)

	The Unicast Company - Casting Specialists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Unicast Company has provided its broad base of global customers with engineered and customer designed, high quality gray iron castings in Class 25 to Class 40, from thin-walled decorative to multi-cored heavy, ranging in weight from a few ounces to 300 pounds.
		Unicast Company is very well positioned for the future and continues to work on the issues that make a difference.
		Unicast Company continues to meet delivery requirements at a rate greater than 99% on-time, which possibly represents the best historical record for gray iron foundries.
	www.unicastco.com (392 words)

	Unicast and Unicast Routing
		Unicast is the process of forwarding unicasted traffic from a source to a destination on network.
		Unicast transmission is the predominant form of transmission on LANs and within the Internet.
		Ethernet) and IP networks support the unicast transfer mode, and most users are familiar with the standard unicast applications such as http, smtp, ftp and telnet, which employ the TCP transport protocol.
	www.networkdictionary.com /networking/uur.php (179 words)

	Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding
		Unicast RPF must be applied at the interface downstream from the larger portion of the network, preferably at the edges of your network.
		Unicast RPF ensures that the source address of a packet is from a route advertised by another router on the specific interface.
		Unicast RPF is dropping legitimate packets because the route is misconfigured to use Unicast RPF in environments where asymmetric routing exists; that is, where multiple paths can exist as the best return path for a source address.
	www.cisco.com /univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios111/cc111/uni_rpf.htm (4502 words)

	Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		A unicast bridge is useful as it allows people who don't have multicast capabilities to join an AccessGrid session.
		The unicast bridge cannot be run on the same system that you are running any of the Access Grid software on.
		Before you configure and operate your AG bridge, it is a good idea to contact the Venue Client System Administrator to ask for permission to run a bridge for the particular lobby you wish to connect to.
	www.accessgrid.org /agdp/guide/unicast-bridge/1.11/c40.html (209 words)

	Roxen Community: RFC 3306 Unicast-Prefix-based IPv6 Multicast Addresses (Standards Track)
		By delegating multicast addresses at the same time as unicast prefixes, network operators will be able to identify their multicast addresses without needing to run an inter-domain allocation protocol.
		The lifetime of a unicast prefix-based multicast address SHOULD NOT exceed the Valid Lifetime field in the Prefix Information option, corresponding to the unicast prefix being used, contained in the Neighbor Discovery Router Advertisement message [RFC 2461].
		It is possible that the embedded unicast prefix can aid in identifying the allocation domain of a given multicast address, though an allocation domain choosing to avoid being traced has no obstacles currently to creating addresses using a prefix not assigned to it, or using a smaller scope embedded prefix.
	community.roxen.com /developers/idocs/rfc/rfc3306.html (1086 words)

	MSN Forges Alliance With Unicast, Raises the Bar on Rich Media Ads: International Rollout and Increased Acceptance of ...
		Unicast joins Eyeblaster and PointRoll, the two developers and distributors of rich media advertisements that helped kick off the MSN rich media strategy in September.
		Unicast is an online advertising solutions provider, which provides a comprehensive online format suite to its site and network partners and its agency and advertiser customers.
		Unicast is based in New York City with offices in San Francisco, Chicago, Brazil and London.
	www.microsoft.com /presspass/press/2002/dec02/12-03UnicastPR.mspx (1173 words)

	What is unicast? - a definition from Whatis.com
		- Unicast is communication between a single sender and a single receiver over a network.
		The term exists in contradistinction to multicast, communication between a single sender and multiple receivers, and anycast, communication between any sender and the nearest of a group of receivers in a network.
		An earlier term, point-to-point communication, is similar in meaning to unicast.
	searchnetworking.techtarget.com /sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci213249,00.html (265 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		With this sub-option, the L3 relay agent will always unicast the messages towards the trusted layer 2 DHCP relay agent with a hardware address that is known in the network.
		This means that it is possible that the layer 2 DHCP relay agents receive a unicast message from the L3 DHCP relay agent, and that it has to forward it as a broadcast.
		It is also possible that the unicast message stays unicast and that only the destination MAC address has to be changed to the content of the chaddr field.
	www.ietf.org /internet-drafts/draft-decnodder-dhc-rai-unicast-01.txt (2175 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Web Advertising Works"
		Unicast ads are a whole different animal, and they are spreading across the Web as a way to get serious ad clicks.
		A Unicast ad has roughly the same branding power as a TV commercial.
		Because Unicast ads have branding power and because people click on them, $30 per 1,000 impressions is a common rate paid to Web sites.
	www.howstuffworks.com /web-advertising7.htm (168 words)

	Sheldon Laboratories
		Unicast and Unimix® fixtures combine cold water and gas or hot and cold water and gas in a single, streamlined fixture.
		With clean, graceful lines, Sheldon’s Unicast and patented Unimix fixtures are as aesthetically pleasing as they are durable.
		Both Unicast and Unimix are one-piece, solid-cast brass fixtures, heavier and stronger than traditional gooseneck fixtures.
	www.sheldonlabs.com /products/unicast.html (173 words)

	Unicast Enforces Patents, Aims to Foster Rich Media Standards
		While rich media advertising firm Unicast was rolling out its next generation Superstitial 300 ad format this week, it also was quietly letting other rich media advertisers know that it was prepared to enforce its patents on the ad unit.
		Unicast said it sent cease and desist letters to four ad firms -- Enliven, VIPcast, Bluestreak and eyeblaster -- all of whom have technologies similar to Unicast's that enable them to serve interstitial ads to Web sites.
		Unicast claims that it is not interested in licensing its technology to others and that by enforcing its patents, it hopes to foster a rich media standard for the online advertising industry.
	www.dmnews.com /cms/dm-news/internet-marketing/18789.html (578 words)

	Microsoft Security Bulletin (MS00-064)
		Only one type of streaming media session - unicast sessions - would be halted; multicast and other sessions would not be affected by the vulnerability.
		The Windows Media Unicast Service is one of the Windows Media Services, which is a family of services that enable digital content providers to send streaming media to customers.
		However, any unicast sessions that were underway at the time of the failure would be interrupted, and would need to be re-established.
	www.microsoft.com /technet/security/bulletin/MS00-064.mspx (1216 words)

	RFC 3306 (rfc3306) - Unicast-Prefix-based IPv6 Multicast Addresses
		By delegating multicast addresses at the same time as unicast prefixes, network operators will be able to identify their multicast addresses without needing to run an inter-domain allocation protocol.
		Address Lifetime The lifetime of a unicast prefix-based multicast address SHOULD NOT exceed the Valid Lifetime field in the Prefix Information option, corresponding to the unicast prefix being used, contained in the Neighbor Discovery Router Advertisement message [RFC 2461].
		Security Considerations It is possible that the embedded unicast prefix can aid in identifying the allocation domain of a given multicast address, though an allocation domain choosing to avoid being traced has no obstacles currently to creating addresses using a prefix not assigned to it, or using a smaller scope embedded prefix.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc3306.html (1203 words)

	Last month's Unicast newsletter
		Many of us probably do not think too much about the synthetic rubber tires that we drive around on, but there is a tremendous amount of technology in a tire.
		Unicast closes this gap in technology by providing the ability to precision cast molds of investment cast quality at low volumes and large sizes.
		Contact Unicast and we will show you how your existing tooling and manpower can make the move to ceramic and greatly reduce your finishing costs.
	www.unicastdev.com /lastmonth.htm (596 words)

	CNN Interactive Tech Specs
		A 70K file size for a Unicast pop-up is acceptable as the ad loads first in the background onto a user's hard drive which should not slow down site performance.
		That is, any pop-up that has a length of less than or equal to 250 pixels and a width of less than or equal to 250 pixels is fine.
		The number of popups delivered per banner impression fluctuates depending on where the banners run and the size of the popup, and can be as low as 10 banner impressions per popup served.
	edition.cnn.com /ads/e.market/techspecs/unicast.html (201 words)

	Differences Between Multicast and Unicast
		Unicast is a one-to one connection between the client and the server.
		Unicast uses IP delivery methods such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which are session-based protocols.
		When a Windows Media Player client connects using unicast to a Windows Media server, that client has a direct relationship to the server.
	support.microsoft.com /default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;291786 (359 words)

	Configuring Automatic Unicast
		A Unicast stream is sent to a specific destination.
		In the QuickTime Broacaster application this is referred to as a "automatic unicast." The encoder must support the RTSP Announce Protocol for this to occur.
		Automatic Unicast is part of the RTSP standard implemented by Apple's QuickTime Broadcaster, Wirecast, and Abstract Plane Uplink Broadcaster.
	www.soundscreen.com /streaming/webcast/howto_webcast.html (1516 words)

	[No title]
		Standards Track [Page 1] RFC 2073 IPv6 Provider-Based Unicast Address Format January 1997 The specific type of an IPv6 address is indicated by the leading bits in the address.
		The Registry ID of the IPv6 provider-based unicast address format is intended to facilitate a broad geographic address allocation and facilitate the operations of the distributed Regional Registries.
		This document assumes that some subscribers may decide to acquire their address space directly from a registry, thus making their addresses independent of the provider(s) they are directly attached.
	www.isi.edu /in-notes/rfc2073.txt (1647 words)

	Unicast \| English \| Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
		In computer networks, unicast is the sending of information packets to a single destination.
		"Unicast" is derived from the word broadcast, as unicast is the extreme opposite of broadcasting.
		Unicast servers provide a stream to a single user at a time, while multicast servers can support a larger audience by serving content simultaneously to multiple users.Unicast is also the name of a Rich Media Company which was acquired by Viewpoint Corporation in 2004.
	www.babylon.com /definition/Unicast (114 words)

	VPNv4 Unicast Address Family Level Commands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		You can generate a configuration for BGP4 unicast routes that is separate and distinct from configurations for BGP4 multicast routes and IPv6 BGP unicast routes.
		You cannot expect the feature, which you may have configured in the BGP4 unicast address family, to work in the IPv6 BGP unicast address family unless it is explicitly configured in the IPv6 BGP unicast address family.
		The (config-bgp-ipv6u)# prompt indicates that you are at the IPv6 BGP unicast address family configuration level.
	www.foundrynet.com /services/documentation/srcli/BGP4_VPNv4_Unicast_Addr_Fam_cmds.html (878 words)

	Unicast Unveils Full-Screen Online Ad (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		NEW YORK Unicast introduced on Monday a full-screen, 15-second online ad that plays when Web surfers are moving between pages.
		To determine the effectiveness of Snuggle's three-week test campaign, Unicast tapped New York-based research firm Dynamic Logic to conduct a market research study.
		Unicast will initially offer the format on the top 40 of the 1,500 sites that accept its ad formats.
	www.adweek.com /aw/icopyright_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1875991 (307 words)

	Unicast Debuts Interactive Video, Creating New Opportunities for Consumer Engagement; Industry Expert, Author Joseph ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Unicast's Interactive Video allows advertisers to run immersive campaigns with TV-quality video that consumers can click, interact with, or roll over to extend the experience.
		Unicast, the advertising group of Viewpoint Corporation (NASDAQ:VWPT), is a leader in rich media advertising technology on the Web and on the desktop.
		Unicast was the first rich media technology company, founded in 1998, and was acquired by Viewpoint Corporation in January 2005.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_2005_Sept_26/ai_n15630005 (565 words)

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