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Topic: Unicode

In the News (Wed 15 May 13)

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	What is Unicode?
		Depending on the level of Unicode support in the browser you are using and whether or not you have the necessary fonts installed, you may have display problems for some of the translations, particularly with complex scripts such as Arabic.
		Unicode provides a unique number for every character, no matter what the platform, no matter what the program, no matter what the language.
		Membership in the Unicode Consortium is open to organizations and individuals anywhere in the world who support the Unicode Standard and wish to assist in its extension and implementation.
	www.unicode.org /standard/WhatIsUnicode.html (452 words)

	Unicode Home Page
		Unicode announces new corrigendum to Unicode 5.0, Corrigendum #6: Bidi Mirroring (2007.08.17)
		Proposed Draft UTR #42: An XML Representation of the UCD
		Proposed Update to UAX #15: Unicode Normalization Forms
	www.unicode.org (88 words)

	Unicode HOWTO
		Unicode and ISO 10646 were originally separate efforts, but the specifications were merged with the 1.1 revision of Unicode.
		Unicode code points 0-255 are identical to the Latin-1 values, so converting to this encoding simply requires converting code points to byte values; if a code point larger than 255 is encountered, the string can't be encoded into Latin-1.
		Unicode character U+FEFF is used as a byte-order mark (BOM), and is often written as the first character of a file in order to assist with autodetection of the file's byte ordering.
	www.amk.ca /python/howto/unicode (4144 words)

	Core JavaScript 1.5 Guide:Unicode - MDC
		Unicode is a universal character-coding standard for the interchange and display of principal written languages.
		Unicode allows for the exchange, processing, and display of multilingual texts, as well as the use of common technical and mathematical symbols.
		Unicode is fully compatible with the International Standard ISO/IEC 10646-1; 1993, which is a subset of ISO 10646.
	developer.mozilla.org /en/docs/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Guide:Unicode (809 words)

	Unicode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Unicode is an industry standard designed to allow text and symbols from all of the writing systems of the world to be consistently represented and manipulated by computers.
		Unicode has the explicit aim of transcending the limitations of traditional character encodings, such as those defined by the ISO 8859 standard which find wide usage in various countries of the world, but remain largely incompatible with each other.
		Unicode is criticized for failing to allow for older and alternate forms of kanji which, critics argue, complicates the processing of ancient Japanese and uncommon Japanese names, although it follows the recommendations of Japanese language scholars and of the Japanese government.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Unicode (5182 words)

	The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Absolutely, Positively Must Know About Unicode and Character Sets (No ...
		Unicode was a brave effort to create a single character set that included every reasonable writing system on the planet and some make-believe ones like Klingon, too.
		In Unicode, the letter A is a platonic ideal.
		There is no real limit on the number of letters that Unicode can define and in fact they have gone beyond 65,536 so not every unicode letter can really be squeezed into two bytes, but that was a myth anyway.
	www.joelonsoftware.com /articles/Unicode.html (3717 words)

	Short overview of ISO/IEC 10646 and Unicode
		I also had the pleasure to take part in the big merger of Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 that was accomplished at three meetings during 1991 in San Francisco, Geneva and Paris, representing Sweden on the ISO side.
		Unicode is a coded character set specified by a consortium of major American computer manufacturers, primarily to overcome the chaos of different coded character sets in use when creating multilingual programs and internationalizing software.
		In short, Unicode can be characterized as the (restricted) 2-octet form of UCS on (the most general) implementation level 3, with addition of a more precise specification of the bi-directional behavior of characters, when used in the Arabic and Hebrew scripts.
	www.nada.kth.se /i18n/ucs/unicode-iso10646-oview.html (3204 words)

	Fonts for the Unicode Character Set
		The Unicode character set is a character set intended to represent the writing schemes of all of the world's major languages.
		Some early Unicode implementors of programming language compilers, and the designers of the Java programming language, chose 16-bit representations: with the Unicode UTF-16 encoding, the first 63,486 characters are represented in 16 bits, while the remaining 2,048 combine with a following 16-bit value to represent another 1,048,544 characters as a pair of 16-bit values.
		The relation between the Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 Standards is discussed in Unicode and ISO 10646: although the character codes are synchronized, there are still important differences.
	www.math.utah.edu /~beebe/fonts/unicode.html (1038 words)

	The Unicode Standard(s)
		Unicode can either be seen as a special implementation of the ISO UCS or as its underlying idea.
		Unicode 2.1 (Unicode Technical Report # 8, diff to Unicode 2.0) fixed a number of errors and added the U+20AC EURO SIGN for the new European currency and U+FFFD OBJECT REPLACEMENT CHARACTER as placeholder for images etc in 1998.
		Unicode 3.0 shall still be limited to BMP characters and may be accompanied by a revised second edition ISO-10646-1 to reduce the spaghetti of incremental amendments.
	czyborra.com /unicode/standard.html (522 words)

	Why Unicode Won't Work on the Internet
		Unicode, the semi-commercial equivalent of UCS-2 (ISO 10646-1), has been widely assumed to be a comprehensive solution for electronically mapping all the characters of the world's languages, being a 16-bit character definition allowing a theoretical total of over 65,000 characters.
		As specified, Unicode's stated purpose is to allow a formalized font system to be generated from a list of placement numbers which can articulate every single written language on the planet.
		Unicode recently announced version 3.1, which – breaking out of the two "Plane Zero" octets they had originally allowed themselves in version 3.0, with 49,194 characters – would add another two octets and another 44,946 characters to the scheme, for a grand total of 94,140.
	www.hastingsresearch.com /net/04-unicode-limitations.shtml (4853 words)

	A Quick Primer On Unicode and Software Internationalization Under Linux and UNIX (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Unicode (R) Consortium is a registered trademark, and Unicode (TM) is a trademark of Unicode, Inc. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.
		Unicode solves the problems of multiple encodings by assigning unique code points to the letters and ideographs of all of the world's modern language scripts and commonly used symbols.
		Unicode code points in the Basic Multilingual Plane above the ASCII range are serialized to two or three bytes (additional planes exist in Unicode, which can produce serializations of up to six bytes).
	eyegene.ophthy.med.umich.edu /unicode (4712 words)

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